电弧喷涂铝涂层的抗高温空气氧化性能

采用电弧喷涂技术在Q235钢基体上制备铝涂层。用Q235钢、铝涂层和封孔铝涂层3种试样进行400℃和500℃涂层氧化和失效试验,并绘制了氧化动力学曲线。结果表明,在500℃以下,在Q235钢基体上电弧喷涂铝涂层和封孔铝涂层可以提高试样的抗氧化能力,但只是在短期内有效。在相同的温度下,封孔铝涂层试样氧化速度最低,铝涂层试样和Q235钢试样的氧化速度大约分别是它的2倍和3倍。氧化过程中,氧化气体渗透到涂层内部,Al2O3膜不断生成、破碎和剥落,并在涂层颗粒机械结合部位堆积,产生的张应力造成涂层的内聚强度降低,塑性和密封性能变差,防腐作用减弱,这是涂层氧化和失效的主要原因。     

电弧喷涂铝涂层在海洋环境中的腐蚀机理

采用电弧喷涂技术在Q235钢基体上制备了铝涂层,并用完整涂层和局部破坏涂层两种试样进行室内模拟浸泡腐蚀实验,腐蚀介质为3.5%NaCl水溶液,流速为0.6m*s-1,实验温度为50±1*#℃. 结果表明:涂层局部破坏时的腐蚀速度与涂层完好时相差不大;铝涂层表面的均匀腐蚀并不严重,铝涂层的腐蚀主要是由于闭塞电池和活性-钝性腐蚀微电池的联合作用引起的局部腐蚀,主要类型为点蚀,且涂层层状剥落形成蚀坑;腐蚀介质到达基体时,将发生电偶腐蚀,铝涂层会作为牺牲阳极保护基体免受腐蚀.     

电弧喷涂铝涂层阳极氧化后表面-截面结构分析

采用电弧喷涂工艺在S355钢表面制备Al涂层,并对其进行阳极氧化处理,通过SEM,EDS和XRD等技术分析试样表面-截面形貌、化学元素分布和物相组成,探讨氧化膜-Al涂层-基体的结合机理。实验结果表明:阳极氧化膜中Al与O出现富集现象,以Al2_O_3形式存在;Al与O原子在氧化膜中为高浓度分布,构成氧化膜-Al涂层-基体的复合防腐蚀体系;Al涂层为富Al层,原子含量较高,而基体中Fe原子在界面处发生扩散现象;Al涂层中少量Al原子扩散进入基体,在界面处与Fe反应生成Fe-Al化合物,提高电弧喷涂Al涂层的结合强度。     

电弧喷涂防腐铝涂层耐蚀性能研究

利用电弧喷涂工艺在钢铁基体表面全部或部分地喷涂铝涂层 ,考察了涂层对裸露于腐蚀介质中钢材基体的防护作用 ,以失重法计算了静态腐蚀速度与动态腐蚀速度 ,并探讨了腐蚀机理。用扫描电镜 (SEM )对铝涂层腐蚀前后的外表形貌进行了观察 ,并测定了涂层的孔隙率。研究结果表明 ,当腐蚀介质为NaCl溶液 (其质量分数为5 0 % )、实验温度为 (5 0± 1)℃、介质流速为 1m/s时 ,铝涂层的动态腐蚀速度为静态腐蚀速度的 2倍。裸露于腐蚀介质中的钢铁面积增大 ,促使阴极去极化过程快速进行 ,腐蚀速度加快 ,涂层防护寿命缩短。涂层表面上氧化膜的自愈能力及涂层表面上沉积的白锈具有阻碍铝作为阳极牺牲从而保护阴极的功效。涂层中的贯通孔隙对削弱铝涂层的防护作用 ,随腐蚀过程进行而逐步减弱。     

电弧喷涂防腐铝涂层耐蚀性能研究

利用电弧喷涂工艺在钢铁基体表面全部或部分地喷涂铝涂层,考察了涂层对裸露于腐蚀介质中钢材基体的防护作用,以失重法计算了静态腐蚀速度与动态腐蚀速度,并探讨了腐蚀机理.用扫描电镜(SEM)对铝涂层腐蚀前后的外表形貌进行了观察,并测定了涂层的孔隙率.研究结果表明,当腐蚀介质为NaCl溶液(其质量分数为5.0%)、实验温度为(50±1)℃、介质流速为1 m/s时,铝涂层的动态腐蚀速度为静态腐蚀速度的2倍.裸露于腐蚀介质中的钢铁面积增大,促使阴极去极化过程快速进行,腐蚀速度加快,涂层防护寿命缩短.涂层表面上氧化膜的自愈能力及涂层表面上沉积的白锈具有阻碍铝作为阳极牺牲从而保护阴极的功效.涂层中的贯通孔隙对削弱铝涂层的防护作用,随腐蚀过程进行而逐步减弱.     

铝线材喷涂工艺及涂层性能

在钢基体上分别采用电弧线材喷涂和火焰线材喷涂两种工艺制备铝涂层，并对两种涂层的硬度、孔隙率、结合强度、耐蚀性能和磨损性能及机理进行了试验研究和对比分析。     

QT500表面化学镀镍磷层对8YSZ热障涂层抗热震性能的影响

在金属基体表面制备陶瓷涂层作为高温保护热障涂层(TBCs)可获得很好的效果,但会出现因基体金属的过度氧化而造成涂层失效的现象.在QT500基体上采用化学镀方法制备Ni-P合金镀层,并在有镀层与无镀层基体上依次采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)制备Ni Co Cr Al Y黏结层和等离子喷涂(APS)制备Zr O_2-8%Y_2O_3(8YSZ)陶瓷层.采用热循环方法评定不同结构热障涂层的抗热震性能,并探讨其热震失效机理.结果表明:镍磷(Ni-P)镀层可显著提高热障涂层的抗热震性能;无Ni-P镀层试样热震失效形式为大面积整体剥落,含Ni-P镀层高温涂层热震失效形式为边角局部剥落;Ni-P镀层抑制了基体金属与黏结层之间元素的互扩散行为.     

粉末包埋法渗铝对Q235钢恒温抗氧化性的影响

碳钢表面渗铝可以提高材料的耐蚀性和抗高温氧化性能,选择Q235钢作为基体材料,采用固体粉末包埋法对Q235钢进行650 ℃低温渗铝处理,利用SEM、XRD和EDS研究了渗Al层的微观组织结构,通过恒温氧化实验研究渗Al处理对Q235钢700 ℃恒温氧化行为的影响.结果表明：Q235钢渗Al层主要由Fe2Al5和FeAl金属间化合物组成.渗Al层表面有裂纹和空洞,界面不平整,致密性较差,氧化膜厚度200～300μm.渗Al能显著提高Q235钢700℃的恒温氧化性能,未渗Al时Q235钢的氧化动力学曲线遵循直线规律,氧化膜主要为Fe2O3,氧化过程中氧化膜脱落严重,对基体无保护作用;渗Al后动力学曲线呈抛物线规律,氧化膜较致密,缺陷较少,氧化膜主要由Al2O3和Fe2O3组成.渗铝能显著提高Q235钢的抗高温氧化性能.     

电弧喷涂铝及铝—锌涂层在动态腐蚀介质中的耐蚀性研究

对钢铁基体表面电弧喷涂铝及铝-锌涂层进行了动态腐蚀实验，以失质量法计算了腐蚀速度，并探讨了腐蚀机理。采用SEM对铝及铝—锌涂层腐蚀前后的外表形貌进行了观察，并对铝及铝—锌涂层表面进行了能谱分析，采用电化学系统测试了涂层的自腐蚀电位。实验结果表明，在3％NaCl水溶液中铝涂层的耐蚀性优于铝-锌涂层；其原因是铝涂层表面上氧化膜的自愈能力及自腐蚀电位高于铝-锌涂层。研究还表明，铝及铝—锌这些阳极涂层不仅能有效地保护它所覆盖的钢铁表面，还能保护暴露于腐蚀介质中的钢铁基体表面。在铝、铝—锌涂层上刷涂有机涂料，有机涂料能渗透到金属涂层的孔隙中，将孔隙封闭。同时，有机涂层和金属涂层能构成复合涂层，其防腐效果更佳。     

铁基金属玻璃涂层在无铅钎料中的耐腐蚀性及机理

选用Fe基非晶合金粉末(含有Cr、Mo、Ni、P、B、Si),采用等离子喷涂方法在Q235基体上制备了金属玻璃涂层.在自行设计的腐蚀实验装置中将Q235钢、1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢和覆有Fe基金属玻璃涂层的Q235钢浸入450,℃的高温液态无铅钎料Sn-3.5,Ag-0.5,Cu中进行腐蚀,利用扫描电子显微镜微观分析了腐蚀后的微观形貌及腐蚀产物.研究结果表明:相同实验条件下,Q235钢和1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢表面均腐蚀严重,断面微观组织分为钎料层、腐蚀层和基体层.其中Q235钢的腐蚀剧烈,腐蚀层成分为FeSn2;1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢腐蚀较严重,腐蚀层成分为(Fe,Cr)Sn2.Q235基体表面的Fe基金属玻璃涂层腐蚀前后断面微观形貌变化不大,没有出现明显的腐蚀分层,表现出了非常好的耐高温无铅钎料腐蚀的能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~