基于分子荧光光谱法的超分子水凝胶自组装过程监测

为了研究超分子水凝胶的自组装过程,利用分子荧光光谱法对谷胱甘肽-银离子(GS-Ag(I))水凝胶的自组装过程进行了监测。研究结果显示:GS-Ag(I)作为凝胶因子,其浓度从0上升到0. 008 mol/L的过程中,水凝胶的荧光激发波长从350 nm位移到370 nm,激发波长变化的数据显示水凝胶形态变化的关键浓度是0. 005 mol/L,流变性能数据和荧光显微镜照片也证明了此结论;当凝胶因子到达0. 005 mol/L时,水凝胶内部已经自组装形成了丝状三维网络,并且从牛顿流体转变为非牛顿流体。实验结果表明:当水凝胶的荧光激发波长相对于凝胶因子单体出现光谱红移时,水凝胶的自组装过程可以直接利用分子荧光光谱技术进行监测。     

正负电荷改性乙肝病毒样颗粒的构建及性能评价

乙肝病毒核心蛋白(hepatitis B virus core protein,HBc)可在体外自组装成二十面体的病毒样颗粒(virus-like particles,VLPs),但是其较低的自组装效率及稳定性制约其应用.通过蛋白质改造修饰,在野生型HBc(wtHBc)的免疫显性区(major immunodominant region,MIR)分别插入带电多肽序列RRRRRRRR和DDDDDDDD,以通过荷电基团及静电相互作用的引入提高VLPs稳定性.经大肠杆菌重组表达,成功获得携带额外电荷的HBc突变体(mHBc),包括携带额外正电荷的m+HBc和负电荷的m-HBc.结果表明,mHBc的二级结构富含α-螺旋,与wtHBc一致.m+HBc和m-HBc等比例混合可在体外实现自组装,所得mHBc VLPs粒径为(30.44±2.23)nm,与野生型一致.该自组装过程及组装体稳定性受离子强度和pH值影响.使用尺寸排阻色谱、原子力显微镜、动态光散射等方法表征和分析VLPs在不同缓冲液中的稳定性差异.发现wtHBc VLPs可稳定存在于0.3～0.7 mol/L NaCl溶液中,盐浓度过高或过...     

VE-cad-Fc功能化透明质酸水凝胶的制备与表征

为了提高透明质酸水凝胶的生物学功能,本研究利用两步迈克尔加成反应及点击化学反应制备了人血管内皮钙黏素融合蛋白(VE-cad-Fc)功能化的透明质酸水凝胶,并进一步研究了其对人脐带间充质干细胞(h UC-MSCs)的影响.核磁共振光谱检测及凝胶时间检测显示,透明质酸主链丙烯酰肼取代率为16%,,融合蛋白功能化透明质酸以DTT交联的凝胶化时间约为30,min.ELISA检测显示水凝胶中化学键合Fc结构域特异性结合多肽可以显著提高融合蛋白的长期负载稳定性.2D/3D细胞黏附、增殖与活细胞染色实验结果显示,水凝胶中利用Fc结构域固定融合蛋白显著改善人脐带间充质干细胞的黏附、增殖,且促进水凝胶中hUC-MSCs的长期克隆化生长.作为一种细胞培养基质(2D/3D培养),这种融合蛋白功能化的水凝胶材料在组织工程、再生医学等领域将有非常广阔的应用前景.     

噬菌体展示肽库技术淘选蚕丝纤维蛋白连结短肽的实验研究

采用噬菌体随机肽库展示技术研究与蚕丝纤维蛋白连结的功能性短肽的淘选方法.实验结果显示,淘选的与蚕丝纤维蛋白连结的功能性短肽都包含有一个相同的氨基酸残基序列QSWS.噬菌体与蚕丝蛋白的连结试验和合成肽与蚕丝蛋白的连结试验都证实了QSWS序列与蚕丝蛋白连结的重要性.随着对淘选方法进一步改进和优化,这些功能性短肽将有助于对蚕丝进行功能化改造,可拓宽蚕丝在生物材料领域中的应用.     

草酸青霉外切葡聚糖酶CBHⅠ基因的克隆

以草酸青霉SJ1菌株的基因组DNA和总RNA,利用PCR和RT-PCR技术进行扩增得到外切葡聚糖酶CBHⅠ(ExocellobiohydrolaseⅠ)基因的序列.CBHⅠ基因DNA序列全长1 638 bp,无内含子,编码545个氨基酸的多肽,推测其蛋白分子大小约为57 ku,蛋白的p I值为4.90.预测结果表明,CBHⅠ是一种很强疏水性的蛋白,具有43个磷酸化修饰位点,蛋白质三级结构以β-折叠为主,根据蛋白质序列比对分析,推测E236、D238和E241这3个氨基酸为酶的活性位点,为后续利用分子改造方法提高青霉产纤维素酶的能力提供理论依据.     

基于苯并咪唑的超分子金属有机凝胶及其刺激响应性能研究

合成了一种基于羧基功能化的苯并咪唑类有机凝胶因子(C11).该凝胶因子在水-乙醇体系中不仅能自组装成超分子有机凝胶(C11-OG),而且与银离子络合后可以自组装成具有多重刺激响应性能的金属凝胶(Ag-MG).有机凝胶C11-OG和金属凝胶Ag-MG都具有凝聚态荧光增强(AIEE)的性能.金属凝胶Ag-MG可对温度、EDTA和Na_2S的刺激进行可逆的溶液-凝胶变化响应及荧光响应.此外,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)研究了其刺激响应机理.     

银纳米团簇与吡啶羧酸自组装构筑的聚集诱导发光水凝胶

金属纳米团簇由几个至几百个金属原子组成,通常尺寸在1～10nm。其中,银纳米簇(Silver Nanoclusters,Ag NCs)具有合成方法简单、荧光发射波长可调等优点,已成为纳米簇领域里发展前景最好的材料之一。Ag NCs的聚集诱导发光(AIE)现象可以通过超分子策略将Ag NCs与不同类型的小分子材料相结合来实现。通过吡啶二羧酸(2,6-DPA)诱导原子精确的银(9)纳米团簇(Ag9-NCs)自组装,在多重非共价键作用下,构筑了具有AIE特性的水凝胶,其荧光寿命提高了～574倍,荧光寿命达到1.88μs。透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的表征结果证明水凝胶由形状特殊的棱形纳米棒组成。红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)的结果证明水凝胶形成的主要驱动力是氢键和π-π堆积作用。这项工作的开展扩展了原子精确纳米团簇自组装行为的研究,为新型纳米团簇AIE凝胶体系的构筑提供了新的研究思路。     

基于ProtBert预训练模型的HLA-Ⅰ和多肽的结合预测算法

针对现有的第Ⅰ类HLA(HLA-Ⅰ)分子与多肽结合亲和力预测算法在特征构造时依赖传统序列评分函数的问题,为突破用经典机器学习算法构造氨基酸序列特征的局限性,提出一种基于蛋白质预训练模型ProtBert的HLA-Ⅰ与多肽的结合预测算法ProHLAⅠ.该算法利用生命体语言与文本语言在组成上的共性,将氨基酸序列类比句子,通过整合ProtBert预训练模型、 BiLSTM编码和注意力机制的网络结构优势,对HLA-Ⅰ序列和多肽序列进行特征提取,从而实现HLA-Ⅰ独立于位点的多肽结合预测.实验结果表明,该模型在两组独立测试集中均取得了最优性能.     

氨基酸衍生物有机凝胶的X射线衍射行为研究

以X射线衍射分析研究了氨基酸衍生物有机凝胶的凝胶态、干凝胶态和固态的凝胶分子的晶体差异,证明了在形成有机凝胶后,氨基酸衍生物类凝胶因子以自组装方式发生了重排,分子之间的相对位置发生了变化.因此,可以将X射线衍射分析作为判断有机凝胶自组装发生过程的判据,与傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析结合可以用于说明有机凝胶形成机理.     

不同折叠类型蛋白中基于密码子的二级结构偏向性分析

在传统的Chou-Fasman蛋白质二级结构预测方法的基础上引入同义密码子使用的信息,计算了200个蛋白(49种全α结构蛋白,69种全β结构蛋白,38种仅α β结构蛋白,44种α/β结构蛋白)中不同密码子对应的氨基酸形成不同二级结构(α：螺旋,β：折叠,C：卷曲)的偏向性参数．通过对这些密码子对应氨基酸二级结构偏向性的分析,得到了氨基酸二级结构偏向性分析中所忽略的同义密码子的蛋白结构信息．这些新的信息量对于指导蛋白质设计以及提高蛋白质二级结构预测的准确率有着一定的作用．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that