Peritoneal fluid cytodifferential changes associated with the administration of cortisone

Résumé L'administration par voie s.c. à des souris femelles adultes, d'une dose quotidienne (de l'ordre de 0,025 à 5 mg) de cortisone en solution saline pendant 21 jours, fait diminue le nombre des lymphocytes et des cellules mesothéliales du liquide péritonéal. Il est possible que la cortisone inhibe la production de ces cellules. Ces données suggèrent aussi une transformation des cellules mésothéliales en «daisy cells» à noyaux vides. L'irritation produite par les très fortes doses de cortisone pourrait, en partie, expliquer l'élèvation du nombre des leucocytes à noyaux polymorphes.     

Ornithine decarboxylase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase and arginine decarboxylase from Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (AMDC) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activities were detected for the first time in extracts of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). All the decarboxylases differed from corresponding known bacterial decarboxylases in that: a) ODC did not require GTP for activity; b) ODC was not inhibited by any known inhibitor of bacterial ODCs; c) AMDC and ADC did not require Mg2+-ion for activity and were not markedly inhibited by any known inhibitor of the decarboxylases of other bacteria.     

Ornithine decarboxylase,S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase and arginine decarboxylase fromMycobacterium bovis (BCG)

Summary Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (AMDC) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activities were detected for the first time in extracts ofMycobacterium bovis (BCG). All the decarboxylases differed from corresponding known bacterial decarboxylases in that: a) ODC did not require GTP for activity; b) ODC was not inhibited by any known inhibitor of bacterial ODCs; c) AMDC and ADC did not require Mg²⁺-ion for activity and were not markedly inhibited by any known inhibitor of the decarboxylases of other bacteria.     

Vergleich der Wirkung des Aldosterons auf das Fremdkörpergranulom der Ratte mit derjenigen von Cortexon,Corticosteron, Cortison und Hydrocortison

Summary Aldosterone applied locally in doses of 50–100 enhances slightly the growth of granuloma and in doses of up to 200 fails to inhibit such growth. In the doses, then, its action differs from that of hydrocortisone, cortisone, and cortexone.     

Der Einbau von35S in die Kostalknorpel von Meerschweinchen unter Einfluss verschiedener Glucocorticoide

Summary The uptake of³⁵S, in the chondroitin sulfate of the costal cartilage of guinea pigs, is inhibited by cortisone, methyl-prednisolon, triamcinolon, and dexamethason. No inhibition could be seen under the influence of the natural adrenal hormone hydrocortisone and its nearest relation, prednisolon.     

Inhibition of tumor promotion by a lecanoric acid analogue

3',5'-Dichloro-2,4'-dihydroxybenzanilide, an inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, inhibited skin tumor promotion induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in mice.     

Failure of cortisone and ACTH to regulate cardiac hypertrophy

Résumé L'hypertrophie cardiaque provoquée chez des rats mâles par un exercice forcé n'a été régularisée ni par la cortisone ni par l'ACTH utilisées chacune à 2 doses différentes.

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Supported by a grant from the West Virginia Heart Association.     

Induction of mouse hepatic ornithine decarboxylase by skin application of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

Summary Topically applied 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on mouse skin was able to induce liver ornithine decarboxylase. Maximum induction occurred 10 h after a single application. Whereas no induction was noticeable at doses of 0.17 and 1.7 nmoles, 17 and 177 nmoles of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate caused about 30- and 57-fold increases respectively.This work was supported by NCI grants CA-09020, CA-07175 and P01-CA-22484.     

The effect of thiazol-4-ylmethoxyamine,a histidine decarboxylase inhibitor,on the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependance in mice

Summary A new histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, thiazol-4-ylmethoxyamine (TMA), injected into mice in a dose of 100 mg/kg i.p. 48 h before the implantation of a morphine-containing pellet, inhibited the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence.I thank the World Health Foundation (Hong Kong) for a grant in aid of this research.     

Hormonal induction of glutamate dehydrogenase in rat liver.

Glutamate dehydrogenase rapidly increases in microsomes and appears in the cytoplasm after administration of cortisone, cAMP, hydrocortisone-acetate. Prolonged administration of ACTH maintains high level of enzyme in the mitochondria and microsomes. Hydrocortisone-acetate, insulin and cortisone decrease drastically enzyme in mitochondria.     

Opposite effects of one and three injections of cortisone or thyroxine on intestinal lactase activity in suckling mice.

A single injection of cortisone or thyroxine to 8-day-old suckling mice initiates a temporary decrease of lactase activity. On the contrary, 3 injections of cortisone or thyroxine provoke a significant increase of lactase activity. It appears that the mechanism which controls the postnatal development of lactase in suckling animals is more complex than expected.     

Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate is an inhibitor of mammalian histidine decarboxylase

(–)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, an antiproliferative and antiangiogenic component of green tea, has been reported to inhibit dopa decarboxylase. In this report, we show that this compound also inhibits histidine decarboxylase, the enzymic activity responsible for histamine biosynthesis. This inhibition was proved by a double approach, activity measurements and UV-Vis spectra of enzyme-bound pyridoxal-5-phosphate. At 0.1mM (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, histidine decarboxylase activity was inhibited by more than 60% and the typical spectrum of the internal aldimine form shifted to a stable major maximum at 345nm, suggesting that the compound causes a stable change in the structure of the holoenzyme. Since histamine release is one of the primary events in many inflammatory responses, a new potential application of (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in prevention or treatment of inflammatory processes is suggested by these data.Received 8 April 2003; received after revision 20 May 2003; accepted 3 June 2003     

Folic acid and the inhibition of brain L-glutamic decarboxylase

Summary Folic acid competitively inhibited brainl-glutamic decarboxylase (K _i=1.62×10^–3 M). This inhibition could possibly be associated with epilepsy.This work was supported by the United Parkinson Foundation.     

Lack of cortisone inhibition of chromosomal puffing inDrosophila melanogaster

Résumé L'administration de cortisone (ou d'hydrocortisone) à des larvesDrosophila n'inhibe pas le bourgeonnement normal des chromosomes de leurs glandes salivaires. Toutefois, la quantité de cortisone que ces larves peuvent tolérer est environ 1/10 de celle qui supprime le bourgeonnement chez les larvesSciara.     

Opposite effects of one and three injections of cortisone or thyroxine on intestinal lactase activity in suckling mice

Summary A single injection of cortisone or thyroxine to 8-day-old suckling mice initiates a temporary decrease of lactase activity. On the contrary, 3 injections of cortisone or thyroxine provoke a significant increase of lactase activity. It appears that the mechanism which controls the postnatal development of lactase in suckling animals is more complex than expected.Supported by grant MA-5969 from the Medical Research Council of Canada to D. M. C. M. is a recipient of a studentship from MRC of Canada.     

Identification and biosynthesis of steroid hormones in the gonads ofCiona intestinalis

Riassunto Da 185 g di tessuto testicolare diCiona intestinalis sono stati estratti ed identificati i seguenti ormoni steroidi: deidroepiandrosterone, cortisone e cortisolo. Nel tessuto ovarico é presente il cortisone. Incubando il tessuto testicolare con pregnenolone-7-H³ e progester-one-4-C¹⁴ sono stati isolati i seguenti metaboliti: deidroepiandrosterone, testosterone, e desossicorticosterone. Dalle incubazioni del tessuto ovarico con gli stessi precursori sono stati isolati i seguenti metaboliti: 17-idrossipregnenolone, deidroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, desossicorticosterone e cortisone.

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Research supported by a grant from the National Research Council of Italy.     

Relationship of ornithine decarboxylase activity to HCG induced androgen production by rabbit testis

Summary In the rabbit testicular ornithine decarboxylase activity and androgen content as well as serum androgens were increased 4 h after the injection of HCG. D,L-a-difluoromethylornithine (a-DFMO) alone or together with HCG inhibited enzyme activity although testicular and serum androgens were significantly increased aftera-DFMO and HCG. These data suggest that ODC activity is not required for testicular androgen production.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada, MT 4192.     

Influence of adrenal cortex on thyrocalcitonin content of the rat thyroid

Riassunto Il trattamento con ATCH o cortisone causa un aumento del contenuto in tirocalcitonina delle tiroidi di ratto. Vengono discusse le possibili implicazioni dei risultati ottenuti.     

Gastrin: obligatory intermediate in the postprandial mobilization of gastric histamine in the rat.

In unoperated fasted rats, feeding raised the serum gastrin concentration, reduced the gastric mucosal histamine content and activated the gastric histidine decarboxylase. The reduction of gastric histamine and activation of histidine decarboxylase was induced also by the injection of pentagastrin. In antrectomized rats, feeding failed to produce these effects. Injection of pentagastrin, however, still lowered gastric histamine and activated gastric histidine decarboxylase. Thus, antral gastrin seems to be an obligatory mediator of the postprandial activation of histidine decarboxylase and mobilization of histamine.     

Gastrin: Obligatory intermediate in the postprandial mobilization of gastric histamine in the rat

Summary In unoperated fasted rats, feeding raised the serum gastrin concentration, reduced the gastric mucosal histamine content and activated the gastric histidine decarboxylase. The reduction of gastric histamine and activation of histidine decarboxylase was induced also by the injection of pentagastrin. In antrectomized rats, feeding failed to produce these effects. Injection of pentagastrin, however, still lowered gastric histamine and activated gastric histidine decarboxylase. Thus, antral gastrin seems to be an obligatory mediator of the postprandial activation of histidine decarboxylase and mobilization of histamine.Acknowledgments. Grant support from the Swedish and Danish Medical Research Councils (14P-4822, 04X-1007, 17X-4144 and 512-2540).