运动对心钠素及其基因表达影响的研究

心钠素(Atrial Natriuretic Factor,ANF)是心肌细胞产生和分泌的一种循环激素,具有强大的利钠、利尿、舒张血管及对抗肾素血管紧张素系统等作用.运动对心钠素及其基因表达的影响主要与运动强度、运动时间和运动方式等因素有关,此外缺氧和高应激因素也会影响心钠素及其基因表达.     

不同强度运动对心钠素的影响

心钠素作为判断运动心脏适应性的指标具有广阔的研究价值.心钠素是心脏内分泌的激素,在运动中对于心血管的稳态调节起着至关重要的作用,与众多的激素共同参与心脏的运动性功能重塑.本文就心钠素的结构分布、存在形式、生物学效应以及不同强度运动对心钠素的影响作出综述.     

运动训练与心钠素

通过文献资料综述,阐述了不同强度运动训练血浆心钠素水平的影响,分析了运动时影响心钠素释放的因素,研究了运动时心钠素的生物学效应.     

解析心钠素基因多态性与运动能力的研究进程

从心钠素分子结构及生物学特性入手,归纳了人类从发现心钠素到心钠素基因的过程,并应用网络检索了国内外核心期刊有关心钠素基因多态性在医学和运动医学领域研究的相关文献.本文从心钠素与运动关系方面进行了综述,希望可以进一步推动心钠素基因多态位点与运动能力,尤其是耐力训练关联性的研究.     

运动对骨骼肌α-actin基因表达影响的研究综述

依据骨骼肌肌动蛋白在机体运动能力上的重要作用和地位,从分子水平,主要论述了运动对骨骼肌肌动蛋白(α-actin)及其基因表达的影响和运动后恢复过程中骨骼肌α-actin及其基因表达的变化,以期为这方面的更深入研究作一参考.     

运动对骨骼肌α-actin基因表达影响的研究综述

依据骨骼肌肌动蛋白在机体运动能力上的重要作用和地位,从分子水平,主要论述了运动对骨骼肌肌动蛋白(-αactin)及其基因表达的影响和运动后恢复过程中骨骼肌α-actin及其基因表达的变化,以期为这方面的更深入研究作一参考。     

运动训练与心钠素

通过文献资料综述，阐述了不同强度运动训练血浆心钠素水平的影响，分析了运动时影响心钠素释放的因素，研究了运动时心钠素的生物学效应。     

不同训练强度对血浆心钠素的影响

本文通过对运动训练与心钠素相互作用调节效应的研究,根据血浆心钠素在运动中的变化规律、不同运动方式、运动强度时间等对心钠素影响,阐明心脏分泌心钠素与运动训练提高成绩的作用机制。同时在增强心钠素对心脏的生物效应进行了分析。     

运动与骨骼肌中的基因表达

通过献资料法阐述了运动对骨骼肌基因表达的影响,以便深入理解骨骼肌的工作原理,为客观指导运动训练提供依据．     

运动对骨骼肌肌动蛋白的影响研究评述

阐述了肌动蛋白的机构、功能及影响其聚合的因素,评述了运动对其影响的研究现状.评述发现：已有的研究成果大多是从肌动蛋白的mRNA水平来反映肌动蛋白的变化,但mRNA的水平并不能完全反映蛋白质的变化,蛋白质组学技术是解决这一问题的一种有效的方法.     

运动对机体免疫机能的影响及其机制

主要探讨运动对机体免疫机能的影响及其机制、健身运动的适宜生理负荷和药物及营养措施对运动与免疫的影响等问题。     

运动对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗相关因子的影响研究

通过分析运动对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的相关因子的影响,发现2型糖尿病主要是胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌受损所导致.因此,只要了解胰腺β细胞的胰岛素抵抗程度,就可以加以弥补,使葡萄糖耐受性维持正常.     

依那普利对高血压病患者左心功能及血浆心钠素水平的影响

采用放免法及多普勒超声测定３４例Ⅰ～Ⅱ期高血压病患者及２０例正常人血浆心钠素水平（ＰＡＮＦＣ）及左心功能，并给高血压病人Ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ治疗２周，观测它对血浆心钠素水平和左心功能的影响。结果发现。高血压病人ＰＡＮＦＣ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），左心功能受损害，Ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ能明显降压，同时降低血浆心钠素水平，改善左心功能，增加心排血量     

补充肌酸对运动能力的影响

肌酸已成为最流行的能力增强剂．大量有关肌酸的文献认为：运动人体使用肌酸使运动后磷酸肌酸的再合成速度加快,力量和速度增强．通过对补充肌酸与运动能力的关系进行综述,以期为运动员补充肌酸提供理论依据．     

运动对自由基代谢影响的研究

根据有关文献资料,综合分析总结出剧烈运动使自由基增加的几个因素,阐述了体内过多的自由基对机体造成的几种损伤,并就清除体内过多自由基论述了相关的基本原理与方法.     

Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding human atrial natriuretic factor precursor

The mammalian atrium is an endocrine organ that may be involved in the control of blood pressure and extracellular fluid volume. A series of peptides, which seem to be associated with atrium-specific secretory granules, have potent natriuretic, diuretic and smooth muscle relaxant activities. Sequence determination of several of these peptides, which range from 21 to 126 amino acids long, shows that they form a family, derived from a common precursor. Rat and human complementary DNAs that encode the precursor to the various peptides, collectively called atrial natriuretic factors (ANFs), have been cloned. Nucleotide sequencing showed that the ANFs are located at the C-terminus of a polypeptide of relative molecular mass 13,000. We describe here the isolation and characterization of the corresponding human gene. Two introns interrupt the gene; one is located in the region coding for the N-terminus of the precursor and the other separates the codon for the C-terminal tyrosine from the rest of the peptide.     

Cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the rat atrial natriuretic factor precursor

Atrial extracts contain factors which induce potent natriuresis changes in renal haemodynamics, and relax pre-contracted vascular smooth muscle. Low-molecular-weight peptides which mimic these actions have now been purified by several groups, including ours (see accompanying paper), and higher-molecular-weight proteins with similar but less potent biological activities have also been identified and are presumed to be precursors. If released into the circulation, these peptides, collectively called atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), may play a significant part in blood-pressure homeostasis, regulation of extracellular fluid volume and as antagonists to the hypertensive effects of the renin-angiotensin system and other hormonal and neurotransmitter systems. We describe here the isolation and characterization of rat atrial cDNA clones which encode ANF. Nucleotide sequence analysis shows that auriculin corresponds to the 25 amino acids located close to the C-terminus of a 152-amino acid ANF precursor. Analysis of the in vitro translation products of precursor ANF mRNA suggests that multiple forms of the precursor may exist.     

Inhibition of aldosterone production in the adrenal glomerulosa by atrial natriuretic factor

Several forms of the polypeptide atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been isolated recently from rat and human atria and identified; they are probably associated with the secretory granules of atrial tissue. The potent ability of ANFs to increase urine sodium content is mediated by their direct action on the kidney. We report here the high intrinsic activity of a synthetic replicate of one form of this molecule, ANF(8-33)(ref. 7), to inhibit directly basal aldosterone secretion and its ability to antagonize the stimulatory effects of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and angiotensin II (AN-II) on the secretion of aldosterone by rat adrenoglomerulosa cells in vitro. Our results suggest that ANF is of clinical importance in the management of aldosterone-dependent hypertension by modifying the adrenocortical response to endogenous ACTH and AN-II.