Reaction mechanism for in-situ β-SiAlON formation in Fe3Si-Si3N4-Al2O3 composites

In this work, Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ composites were prepared at 1300℃ in an N₂ atmosphere using fused corundum and tabular alumina particles, Al₂O₃ fine powder, and ferrosilicon nitride (Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄) as raw materials and thermosetting phenolic resin as a binder. The effect of ferrosilicon nitride with different concentrations (0wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, and 25wt%) on the properties of Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ composites was investigated. The results show that the apparent porosity varies between 10.3% and 17.3%, the bulk density varies from 2.94 g/cm3 and 3.30 g/cm3, and the cold crushing strength ranges from 67 MPa to 93 MPa. Under the experimental conditions, ferrosilicon nitride, whose content decreases substantially, is unstable; part of the ferrosilicon nitride is converted into Fe₂C, whereas the remainder is retained, eventually forming the ferrosilicon alloy. Thermodynamic assessment of the Si₅AlON₇ indicated that the ferrosilicon alloy accelerated the reactions between Si₃N₄ and α-Al₂O₃ fine powder and that Si in the ferrosilicon alloy was nitrided directly, forming β-SiAlON simultaneously. In addition, fused corundum did not react directly with Si₃N₄ because of its low reactivity.     

异质结g-C3N4/Co3O4复合材料的制备及其丙酮气敏特性研究

为了提升p型半导体金属氧化物Co₃O₄的气敏特性,采用两步法将金属有机骨架衍生的十二面体中空Co₃O₄颗粒与二维石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)复合制备异质结g-C₃N₄/Co₃O₄复合材料,用于丙酮气体的检测。通过探究该复合物材料的微观结构组成与气敏特性间的构效关系,揭示其气敏机制。结果表明,当g-C₃N₄负载量为0.04 g时获得的g-C₃N₄/Co₃O₄在操作温度为200℃时,对50 mg/L丙酮气体的响应值为140。该复合物对丙酮的检测限为0.7 mg/L,并表现出良好的稳定性和选择性。g-C₃N₄/Co₃O₄复合材料气敏性能的改善源于复合材料比表面...     

Al2O3-SiC纳米复合陶瓷的制备及其表征

以分析纯Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O, (CH₂)₆N₄和粒径为30 nm的SiC粉末为原料, 采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)方法制备干凝胶, 经煅烧合成Al₂O₃-SiC纳米陶瓷粉, 利用真空热压装置对粉末进行烧结. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电镜(SEM)和维氏硬度实验分析了不同SiC含量和不同烧结温度的Al₂O₃-SiC陶瓷样品的结构、 形貌、 晶粒尺寸和硬度, 并研究了其机理.     

Sintering Behavior and Microstructure of diphasic β-Sialon/Al2O3 Composites

Six compositions with different ratio of β-Sialon/Al₂O₃ were synthesized from Al₂O₃, Si₃N₄ and SiO₂ by sintering with 3%Y₂O₃(mass fraction) as addition under the cover with powders of SiC+C and at nitrogen atmosphere. Theeffects of atmosphere, sintering temperature and composition on the sintering behavior were studied. The results showedthat the composites reached the best sintering behavior with the highest density about 92% at 1 650℃ under the weakreduction atmosphere. Finally the relative density of diphasic β-Sialon and β-Sialon/Al₂O₃ composites were studied andpredicted using ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) method and the results were experimental examined by fore randomsamples.     

溶剂热法制备TiO2/g-C3N4及其光催化性能

采用溶剂热法合成了可见光响应的TiO₂/g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂,并对TiO₂/g-C₃N₄进行质子化处理。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、氮气吸附-脱附BET法、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、紫外-可见漫反射（UV-vis DRS）和荧光光谱（PL）等方法对样品进行了表征,并以甲基橙（MO）光催化降解为模型反应,考察了可见光下制备的样品的光催化性能。结果表明,多孔TiO₂纳米晶与g-C₃N₄形成具有"芝麻饼"形貌的复合结构;TiO₂/g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂的光吸收带边扩展到465 nm,较TiO₂出现明显红移;TiO₂与g-C₃N₄能带匹配耦合,有效地抑制了电子与空穴的复合;质子化处理过程能够提高可见光区吸收强度和电子的传导能力,增强了TiO₂的光催化活性。     

铁精粉制备α-Fe2O3纳米粒子及其机理

采用商业磁铁矿铁精粉(Fe₃O₄),设计了提纯和制备工艺，成功制备出质量分数为99.5%以上、分散性良好的α-Fe₂O₃纳米粒子，对其提纯、制备工艺及机理进行了深入研究.结果表明：w_NaOH对除硅效果影响显著，当w_NaOH为39%时，可使原料矿粉中w_SiO2由1.11%降至0.032%,得到较纯铁精粉；随烧结温度的升高，α-Fe₂O₃颗粒的结晶度、形貌特征及磁性能随之发生变化；当烧结温度为670℃时，α-Fe₂O₃颗粒综合性能最佳，颗粒结晶度较高、分散性较好，具有亚铁磁性；通过对氢氧化铁沉淀物加热搅拌时间的控制，可有效调控α-Fe₂O₃的晶粒尺寸；当搅拌时间为60 min时，获得分散性好、平均粒径仅为35.3 nm的α-Fe₂O₃纳米粒子.     

Fe3O4纳米粒子添加剂对成形润滑油摩擦性能的影响

利用纳米级Fe₃O₄作为成形润滑油的添加剂,采用表面活性剂对纳米粒子进行表面改性,利用超声分散器使Fe₃O₄纳米粒子均匀稳定地分散在润滑油溶液中。利用四球摩擦磨损试验机对配制出的纳米润滑液进行摩擦性能测试。研究结果表明,不同粒径的纳米粒子对润滑剂的油膜强度影响较大,采用20 nm Fe₃O₄粒子配制润滑剂时,可有效提高润滑剂的油膜强度;当纳米粒子质量分数达到8%时,摩擦系数有较大程度的降低,磨斑直径减小。这表明一定质量分数与尺寸的Fe₃O₄纳米粒子可有效提高润滑油的摩擦性能。     

pg-C3N4/CQDs复合物可见光下光催化产过氧化氢的性能研究

光催化产过氧化氢(H₂O₂)相比于传统的蒽醌法，具有清洁环保、条件温和、功耗低等优点。石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)是一种很有前途的产H₂O₂的光催化剂，但由于其比表面积小、光响应范围窄、光生电子-空穴易复合等缺点，产H₂O₂的效率比较低。利用盐酸三聚氰胺作为前驱体合成多孔石墨相氮化碳(pg-C₃N₄),同时在其表面负载碳量子点(CQDs),制备得到pg-C₃N₄/CQDs复合光催化剂，并通过XRD、TEM、UV-Vis、TP、PL等表征测试样品的结构、形貌、光学和电化学性能。该催化剂具有较大的比表面积，同时基于CQDs的光学特性和良好的捕获、转移电子的性质，极大地提高了复合光催化剂的光响应范围(甚至达到近红外区域),并有效地抑制了光生电子-空穴的复合。在可见光产H₂O₂的实验中，pg...     

g-C3N4/溶胶–凝胶纳米复合材料在AM60B镁合金上的应用及性能研究

含有羟基化g-C₃N₄纳米板的溶胶–凝胶涂层常被用来增强AM60B镁合金的抗腐蚀性能。通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析了羟基化的g-C₃N₄纳米板的化学组成,发现羟基化过程对g-C₃N₄纳米板的晶体尺寸、比表面积、孔体积、平均孔径和热稳定性不产生影响。在加入原始和羟基化的g-C₃N₄纳米板后,获得了致密的溶胶–凝胶涂层。透射电子显微镜（TEM）表明改性的g-C₃N₄在涂层中均匀分布,并且加入改性纳米板后,由于聚集趋势降低,涂层的平均粗糙度也降低。进一步模拟酸雨中的电化学阻抗谱（EIS）检测表明,由于涂层与纳米板之间的化学键合,添加改性g-C₃N₄后,溶胶–凝胶膜的防腐性能得到显著改善。     

多孔化改性对g-C3N4/CdS复合光催化剂制备及光催化活性的影响

以三聚氰胺盐酸盐为前驱体, 用高温缩聚方法制备多孔化改性的类石墨相氮化碳（pg-C₃N₄）材料; 用水热法制备CdS纳米中空微球, 用沉积法将pg-C₃N₄与CdS有效复合, 制备pg-C₃N₄/CdS复合光催化剂; 用X射线衍射(XRD)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 Fourier变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 紫外可见光谱(UV Vis)、 荧光光谱及电化学阻抗谱对样品进行表征; 用可见光催化降解染料罗丹明B（RhB）对其光催化活性进行评价, 并给出pg-C₃N₄/CdS光催化降解RhB的机理. 结果表明： 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)的多孔化改 性有利于其与CdS间形成紧密界面, 进而促进pg-C₃N₄/CdS光生电子 空穴的分离和传递, 有效提高了其光催化活性和稳定性.     

Effect of reinforcement content on the adhesive wear behavior of Cu10Sn5Ni/Si3N4 composites produced by stir casting

The main objective of this paper was to fabricate Cu10Sn5Ni alloy and its composites reinforced with various contents of Si₃N₄ particles (5wt%, 10wt%, and 15wt%) and to investigate their dry sliding wear behavior using a pin-on-disk tribometer. Microstructural examinations of the specimens revealed a uniform dispersion of Si₃N₄ particles in the copper matrix. Wear experiments were performed for all combinations of parameters, such as load (10, 20, and 30 N), sliding distance (500, 1000, and 1500 m), and sliding velocity (1, 2, and 3 m/s), for the alloy and the composites. The results revealed that wear rate increased with increasing load and increasing sliding distance, whereas the wear rate decreased and then increased with increasing sliding velocity. The primary wear mechanism encountered at low loads was mild adhesive wear, whereas that at high loads was severe delamination wear. An oxide layer was formed at low velocities, whereas a combination of shear and plastic deformation occurred at high velocities. The mechanism at short sliding distances was ploughing action of Si₃N₄ particles, which act as protrusions; by contrast, at long sliding distances, direct metal-metal contact occurred. Among the investigated samples, the Cu/10wt% Si₃N₄ composite exhibited the best wear resistance at a load of 10 N, a velocity of 2 m/s, and a sliding distance of 500 m.     

CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃/Al2O3系低温共烧陶瓷流延工艺优化及性能研究

为优化CaO-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃-SiO₂(CABS)玻璃/Al₂O₃系低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)流延工艺,提高CABS玻璃/Al₂O₃系LTCC材料性能,采用偶联剂对CABS玻璃/Al₂O₃复合粉体进行表面改性并对黏结剂的种类和用量进行优化,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、X线衍射仪(XRD)等分析流延工艺优化对LTCC材料性能的影响。结果表明：偶联剂能有效提高CABS玻璃/Al₂O₃复合粉体在有机溶剂中的润湿性,提升浆料固含量和生瓷带密度,当硅烷偶联剂γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)质量分数为1.5%时,浆料固含量为66.58%,生瓷带的密度为1.90 g/cm³,均达到最大值;通过探究3种不同分子量的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)对生瓷带性能的...     

Reaction behavior of trace oxygen during combustion of falling FeSi75 powder in a nitrogen flow

To explore the reaction behavior of trace oxygen during the flash combustion process of falling FeSi75 powder in a nitrogen flow, a flash-combustion-synthesized Fe-Si₃N₄ sample was heat-treated to remove SiO₂. The samples before and after the treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, and the formation mechanism of SiO₂ was investigated. The results show that SiO₂ in the Fe-Si₃N₄ is mainly located on the surface or around the Si₃N₄ particles in dense areas, existing in both crystalline and amorphous states; when the FeSi75 particles, which are less than 0.074 mm in size, fell in up-flowing hot N₂ stream, trace oxygen in the N₂ stream did not significantly hinder the nitridation of FeSi75 particles as it was consumed by the surface oxidation of the generated Si₃N₄ particles to form SiO₂. At the reaction zone, the oxidation of Si₃N₄ particles decreased the oxygen partial pressure in the N₂ stream and greatly reduced the opportunity for FeSi75 particles to be oxidized into SiO₂; by virtue of the SiO₂ film developed on the surface, the Si₃N₄ particles adhered to each other and formed dense areas in the material.     

基于MoS2-Fe3O4复合物水凝胶的过氧化氢比色检测

水体中残留的H₂O₂进入人体后会转化为含氧自由基,进而对机体造成氧化损伤并引发病变,因此实现水体中的H₂O₂检测具有重要意义.制备了具有较高类过氧化物酶活性的MoS₂-Fe₃O₄复合物水凝胶,并构建比色传感平台实现了水体中H₂O₂的灵敏检测.在H₂O₂-TMB显色体系中,Fe₃O₄与MoS₂纳米片复合协同催化H₂O₂产生含氧自由基,水凝胶三维结构可有效抑制MoS₂-Fe₃O₄堆叠,促进活性位点的暴露,进一步提高对H₂O₂的催化能力.动力学常数显示,MoS₂-Fe₃O₄...     

金属有机框架衍生的Co3O4/SnO2复合材料制备及其光催化性能

金属有机框架(metal-organic framework,MOF)材料ZIF-67衍生Co₃O₄十二面体纳米块在室温下与SnO₂复合,制备出立方体Co₃O₄/SnO₂复合光催化剂.煅烧后形成的Co₃O₄/SnO₂材料禁带宽度明显降低,荧光淬灭明显,说明Co₃O₄的加入拓展了SnO₂的光响应范围至可见光甚至红外光区域,同时促进了光催化反应过程中光生载流子的分离.以罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,Rh B)为目标反应物,在可见光下考察了MOF衍生的Co₃O₄/SnO₂的光催化降解活性,发现Co₃O₄/SnO₂在60 min内可以降解89.6%的Rh B,分别是纯SnO₂和纯...     

超顺磁性Fe3O4@SiO2空心亚微球的制备及其在质粒DNA分离纯化中的应用

采用溶剂热法合成超顺磁性空心亚微球,然后通过正硅酸乙酯水解-聚合反应,在亚微球表面包覆SiO₂,形成核壳结构Fe₃O₄@SiO₂空心亚微球。以该Fe₃O₄@SiO₂亚微球为分离介质,实现了大肠杆菌（E. coli）质粒DNA的高效、快速分离。     

Fe3O4/Ag复合纳米颗粒的制备及其抑菌性能研究

首先用水热法制备了Fe₃O₄纳米球,然后以制备的磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子为磁核,在高温高压反应釜中与葡萄糖反应,使其表面包覆一层聚糖,利用聚糖的还原性,让包覆后的粒子与AgNO₃反应,制备出Fe₃O₄/Ag纳米复合粒子。用透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）对所制备的材料的形貌和结构进行了表征。通过抑菌实验的测定,结果表明Fe₃O₄/Ag复合材料具有良好的抑菌活性。     

合成条件对In2O3纳米线阵列结构及气敏性能的影响

用SBA-15硬模板复制技术在不同温度下制备具有纳米线阵列结构的In₂O₃系列样品.利用X射线衍射仪、场扫描电子显微镜和紫外可见光光度计对样品的晶体结构、晶粒尺寸、晶胞参数、形貌及带隙宽度等进行表征,并测试分析样品对乙醇气体的气敏性能.结果表明：样品均为球形纳米In₂O₃晶粒有序排列生长组成的三维纳米线阵列结构;随着烧结温度的增加,样品的晶粒尺寸和纳米线直径增大,纳米线间距减小;当烧结温度为450～650℃时,样品的晶胞参数和带隙宽度随烧结温度的增加分别呈增大和减小趋势;当乙醇气体质量浓度为1×10^-4 mg/L,测试温度为320℃时,450℃烧结In₂O₃样品的灵敏度最大为50.59.     

单分散球形荧光粉(Lu0.88Yb0.1Er0.02)2O3的制备及可见-近红外发光性能

采用共沉淀法制备了Yb³⁺和Er³⁺共掺杂的Lu₂O₃纳米晶.利用X射线衍射(XRD),场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和荧光光谱(PL/PLE)对前驱体及产物进行表征.研究结果表明：共沉淀所得前躯体为非晶,微观形貌为尺寸均匀分散性良好直径约200 nm的单分散球.非晶前躯体经1 000～1 400℃煅烧后可获得纯相(Lu_0.88Yb_0.1Er_0.02)₂O₃荧光粉,煅烧对单分散球的微观形貌有明显影响,1 200℃以下随着煅烧温度升高单分散球的直径收缩至约90 nm, 1 400℃高温煅烧导致单分散球碎裂.在980 nm光源激发下,(Lu_0.88Yb_0.1Er_0.02)₂O₃荧光粉在655、662、670、678和686 nm出现Er³⁺特征发射峰,662 ...     

PEDOT:PSS/Fe3O4复合薄膜的制备及其超电容性能研究

以价格低廉的Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒为填料,聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩):聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT:PSS)为基材制备复合材料,并采用高氯酸(HClO₄)对其进行后处理,获得PEDOT:PSS/Fe₃O₄柔性自支撑薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱(Raman)对复合薄膜进行形貌和结构表征,并采用循环伏安(CV)和恒电流充放电(GCD)对其进行电化学性能分析。结果表明：经酸处理的PEDOT:PSS/Fe₃O₄复合薄膜表面粗糙,电化学性能得到较大提升,且倍率性能较好。在1 A/g时,放电比电容可达106 F/g,远远超出PEDOT:PSS原始膜和未处理的PEDOT:PSS/Fe₃O₄复合薄膜;在10 A/g时,放电比电容能够保持在81 F/g。