城市道路交通平面交叉路口拥堵预测

针对交叉口路段拥堵特性,基于定性推理的相关方法,从时间的角度,提出了描述城市交叉口进口路段运行状况的评价指标——稳态评判指数。仿真实验表明,当交叉口交通拥堵与消散的过程被触发时,稳态评判指数会发生定性跃迁,并且每个高峰期的到来都会经历一个“稳态——非稳态——稳态”的过程;并且由该指数确定的拥堵临界点时刻与由交叉口总排队长度所反映的交叉口拥堵形成与消散时刻基本吻合,为交叉口的运行状况评价及拥堵预警提供一个指标。     

冰雪条件下信号交叉口上游拥堵识别方法

为解决冰雪条件下的信号交叉口上游拥堵识别问题,提出基于研究临界消散车队长度值的拥堵识别方法. 该方法根据汽车行驶理论与拥堵区间车辆行驶特点,将拥堵临界车辆的行车过程分为加速、匀速和减速过程,通过分析的拥堵排队车辆通过交叉口的过程,建立不同冰雪路面信号交叉口拥堵识别模型. 通过不同条件下相关参数标定,计算上游路段拥堵临界位置. 利用哈尔滨市区一个交叉口的实际调查数据进行验证,证明该模型能很好与实际相契合.     

交叉口及路段拥挤界定研究

当前,我国城市交通供需矛盾日益突出,城市道路及交叉节点的拥堵界定及拥堵评价具有重要意义。通过对交叉口及路段拥堵概念的提出,分析了国内外相关研究的成果,提出适合我国城市交通运行特征的交叉口及路段拥堵界定方法。对交叉口及路段服务水平的评价方法进行了归纳总结,通过实例研究了典型交叉口的延误仿真评价,并对交叉口与路段拥堵的相互作用机理进行了初步分析。研究成果对我国城市交通运行的评价和改善具有理论意义和实践意义。     

过饱和交通网络的多层边界主动控制方法

为了预防交通网络的过饱和堵塞,定义了过饱和网络相邻交叉口关联度,给出了初始拥堵区域的确定流程,提出了以关键交叉口(交通需求超过通行能力的交叉口)为中心的多层边界控制策略,动态确定控制边界,将超过通行能力的车辆控制在多层边界路段上.与单层边界控制策略相比,多层控制策略能够充分利用拥堵区域内路段的存储能力,解决边界路段的排队溢出问题,缩小拥堵影响范围,有效减低停车延误和停车次数.案例结果表明,文中方法是可行的.     

高速公路意外事件所致堵塞的消散策略研究

通过建立交通意外事件影响下的交通流仿真模型,对拥堵传播及有效的干涉控制措施进行仿真.分析了非稳态交通条件下的车辆行为特性;并对现有主流元胞自动机模型规则进行改进,建立起一种新的元胞自动机交通流模型.该模型能够较好地仿真拥堵传播与消散过程,有效地探索拥堵的消散规律;利用该模型对各种控制措施的堵塞消散效率的研究结果表明,限流限速组合控制策略具有较优的堵塞消散效果.     

基于快速疏散控制的城市道路偶发性交通拥堵区域动态界定及控制子区划分

偶发性交通拥堵具有较大的随机性及衍生性,拥堵发生后需要快速进行控制以防止拥堵向上游路段及交叉口漂移,同时应对拥堵内部进行及时疏散。从交通事件的发生导致道路瓶颈到拥堵完全消散这一过程中,拥堵区域的范围是不断变化的。根据交通流参数及拥堵传播速度,提出了一种以疏散为目的的拥堵区域动态划分方法,划分为阻塞区、过渡区和常态区3个动态控制子区。同时,在不同的动态控制子区实施对应的控制措施。数值模拟表明,本研究提出的拥堵区域控制子区动态划分及控制方法能快速疏散拥堵。     

信号灯作用下的城市隧道路段交通流模型研究

分析了城市隧道路段的交通流特征,建立了城市隧道路段的元胞自动机模型,并针对隧道与上下游交叉口不同相对位置、不同相位差的情况,进行了数值模拟。仿真结果表明,城市隧道路段的通行能力受到隧道与信号灯的相对位置以及上下游信号灯的相位差等共同影响。合理的信号配时控制可以提升路段和交叉口通行能力,减轻拥堵;但是当隧道离下游交叉口较近时,路段通行能力明显降低,隧道内拥堵严重,信号控制手段收效甚微。     

一种基于路况数据的城市道路交叉口拥堵评价指数研究

提出了交叉口总延误时间指数和单一方向最大延误时间指数,利用从导航软件获取的交叉口各进口方向路况、排队长度和车道数等数据,建立了交叉口拥堵评价指数模型。利用北京交叉口实例对模型的适用性进行了验证,在此基础上依据交叉口总延误时间指数和单一方向最大延误时间指数对案例交叉口进行了拥堵水平排序,排序结果与实际情况相符。交叉口延误时间指数相较于传统的交叉口评价指标,充分利用导航软件的大数据,避免了繁琐的现场调研工作,具有很强的规模化操作性和实用性,为城市管理者在交叉口改造决策方面提供了更加可靠的理论依据。     

一种基于路况数据的城市道路交叉口拥堵评价指数研究

提出了交叉口总延误时间指数和单一方向最大延误时间指数,利用从导航软件获取的交叉口各进口方向路况、排队长度和车道数等数据,建立了交叉口拥堵评价指数模型。利用北京交叉口实例对模型的适用性进行了验证,在此基础上依据交叉口总延误时间指数和单一方向最大延误时间指数对案例交叉口进行了拥堵水平排序,排序结果与实际情况相符。交叉口延误时间指数相较于传统的交叉口评价指标,充分利用导航软件的大数据,避免了繁琐的现场调研工作,具有很强的规模化操作性和实用性,为城市管理者在交叉口改造决策方面提供了更加可靠的理论依据。     

关键交叉口与双周期交叉口间路段上的车辆排队模式及测算方法

为了描述周期时长不相等的协调信号交叉口间路段上车辆排队的集结与消散现象,以关键交叉口周期时长为双周期交叉口周期时长的2倍为例,基于冲击波理论,针对两个相邻交叉口之间路段上的上、下行车流分别描述了车辆排队的各种模式并建立了车辆排队长度模型。为了验证模型的有效性,利用VISSIM交通仿真软件设计了模拟实验方案。考虑不同条件下信号红时差与交通流率的多种组合,通过仿真实验共得到35组数据,每组数据均获得84个有效数据点。结果显示,上、下行方向的车辆排队消散长度的计算值与模拟值的相对误差小于10%的周期分别占75.56%和95.00%;交叉口信号周期越长,其排队消散长度的平均值和最大值也相应地越长。研究结果表明,该模型可以用来估算周期时长不相等的协调信号交叉口间路段上车辆的排队长度,从而为交通控制方案的优化与调整提供理论依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that