冬季4个常绿树种渗透调节物质的动态变化

以盆栽的方法研究了在冬季干旱胁迫条件下,女贞、侧柏、油松、小蜡4个常绿树种的渗透调节物质积累状况及动态变化。土壤含水量采用整体称重法来控制,设2个水分处理,即适宜水分(含水量19%~23%)和干旱胁迫(含水量9%~11%)。结果表明:干旱胁迫条件下,除可溶性糖外,脯氨酸和K 含量均不及适宜水分条件下积累的多,但变化趋势相似;适宜水分条件下,各树种的渗透调节能力较强;侧柏、女贞的主要调节物质为可溶性糖和K ,油松的为脯氨酸和可溶性糖,而小蜡则是三种物质都具有明显调节作用。     

诸葛菜对水分胁迫的生理生化反应和调节适应能力

研究了水分胁迫对诸葛菜叶片的水分状况、渗透调节能力以及活性氧化谢的影响,结果表明：在水分胁迫下,诸葛菜叶片相对含水量,自由水含量下降,束缚水含量上升;可溶性糖,脯氨酸,Ｋ＾＋、Ｃａ＾２＋含量均出现明显的增加,具有一定的渗透调节能力;随着水分胁迫的加剧,Ｏ＾－２产生速率增加,丙二醛积累,导致膜损伤,质膜透性上升,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性均出现“先上升,后下降”的趋势,抗坏血含量则降低,表现出诸     

渗透胁迫下野生大豆游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖的变化

用聚乙二醇－6000（PEG－6000）在室内模拟干旱条件,对抗旱性不同的11个野生大豆材料在苗期进行渗透胁迫。在不同胁迫程度下,水分变化、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖的积累表现也较突出。这2种渗透物质的积累与一年生野生大豆的生育期有关密切的关系,生育期越晚,积累越多。     

水分胁迫对蚕豆叶片渗透调节能力的影响

为探讨蚕豆（Vicia faba L.)对水分胁迫的适应机理,经人工水分胁迫处理,研究了水分胁迫对蚕豆叶片渗透调节能力的影响,结果表明：蚕豆叶片中作为细胞内渗透调节物质的游离脯氨酸,K^ ,可溶性总糖等细胞内溶质含量在水分胁迫下都有明显增加,这些指标与土壤含水量呈负相关,表明蚕豆具有一定的渗透调节能力,但是,渗透调节作用有一定的局限性,在中度和严重水分胁迫下,蚕豆的蒸腾速率明显下降,气孔扩散阻力大大增加,最终表现为植株生物量的明显降低。     

小麦幼苗对盐胁迫和水分胁迫的生理反应对比

以小麦幼苗为实验材料,研究等渗水分胁迫（PEG-6000）和盐胁迫（NaCl）对叶片相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量和PSII最大光化学量子效率（Fv／Fm）影响。结果表明,两种渗透胁迫下,与对照比较,小麦幼苗相对电导率和MDA含量显著升高,且等渗盐处理后,二者含量普遍高于水分胁迫,说明盐胁迫除对植物产生渗透胁迫外还存在离子毒害作用;两种渗透胁迫下,可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量普遍高于对照,等渗盐胁迫下可溶性糖含量普遍高于水分胁迫,而游离脯氨酸含量普遍低于水分胁迫,说明可溶性糖可能是盐胁迫下的一种主要渗透调节物质,而游离脯氨酸可能是水分胁迫下的主要渗透调节物质;两种渗透胁迫下,叶绿素含量和Fv／Fm普遍降低,等渗盐胁迫下叶绿素含量和Fv／Fm显著低于水分胁迫,这也可能是离子毒害和细胞脱水的累加作用所致。     

变水植物直叶灰藓渗透调节性研究

用不同浓度的PEG-6000溶液处理直叶灰藓,研究渗透胁迫处理对其渗透调节的影响.结果表明,不同强度的渗透胁迫处理引起直叶灰藓可溶性蛋白质含量先增后减,而其脯氨酸、游离氨基酸和可溶性糖含量随着渗透胁迫的加强呈增加趋势.直叶灰藓Na+含量大于K+含量,Na+/K+为4.50;在渗透胁迫处理过程中Na+积累显著大于K+,Na+/K+达到7.74.说明Na+是直叶灰藓主要的细胞液渗透调节剂.     

外源钙对低温胁迫下甜瓜幼苗膜稳定性和渗透调节物质的影响

采用5mmol/L的CaCl2喷施"二叶一心"期甜瓜幼苗后,置于8 ℃培养箱中培养,并测定24 h内膜稳定性和渗透调节物质变化.结果表明,低温胁迫下,对照组甜瓜幼苗的丙二醛(MDA)含量和膜透性持续上升,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均在6 h达到最高,游离脯氨酸和有机酸含量则是在3h达到最大值.钙处理组的MDA含量、膜透性和渗透调节物质含量变化均与对照组相似,但相同时间段内,可显著降低低温胁迫下甜瓜幼苗MDA积累及细胞膜相对透性,提高蛋白质、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量,而对有机酸含量影响不显著.     

NaCl对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)生长与渗透调节的影响

对与拟南芥耐盐性相关的某些生理指标进行了研究。结果发现,随着盐浓度的增加,拟南芥的质膜透性增加,MDA含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量、游离氨基酸含量、根冠比、钠离子含量均增加,而渗透势、钾离子含量、干鲜重、含水量则下降。这表明,随着盐胁迫的加重,一方面拟南芥受到的伤害加重,另一方面植株通过合成脯氨酸、可溶性糖等渗透调节物质,增大根冠比以提高吸水能力等抗逆机制,以应对胁迫,提高耐盐性。     

PEG胁迫对苔草渗透调节特性的影响

以分布于科尔沁沙地的粉煤灰、盐碱地和荒地三种不同生境的野生苔草为材料，通过PEG胁迫处理检测其伤害程度和渗透调节特性，结果表明，三种生境苔草的抗渗透胁迫能力以盐碱地苔草最强，粉煤灰苔草次之，生长在荒地苔草最弱；脯氨酸和可溶性糖两种渗透调节物质的含量则以粉煤灰苔草和荒地苔草增加明显．     

自然降温过程中南方红豆杉叶片水分、渗透调节物质的动态变化与低温半致死温度的关系

研究了南方红豆杉叶片低温半致死温度与水分和渗透调节物质随气温下降的变化。结果表明，低温半致死温度降低的同时，叶片饱和含水量、自由水和淀粉含量下降，束缚水、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸 含量增加。这些物质的适应性变化导致低温半致死温度的下降是抗寒性提高的生理基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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