HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中3种黄酮类成分含量

建立了HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷含量的方法。采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸梯度洗脱,流速为1 mL/min;检测波长为360 nm。结果表明,芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷在0.50~12.50μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、0.49~12.35μg/mL(r=0.999 8)、0.42~10.55μg/mL(r=0.999 5)范围内线性良好,平均回收率为99.37%(RSD=0.56%)、99.35%(RSD=0.57%)、99.68%(RSD=0.56%)。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于同时测定鬼针草中3种黄酮成分的含量。     

山楂叶提取物中牡荆素、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷对照品的制备

采用高速逆流色谱结合半制备液相色谱技术快速分离山楂叶中低含量的牡荆素、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷单体。以氯仿-甲醇-水-正丁醇(4∶3∶2∶1.5,V/V)为溶剂系统,流速为5.0 m L/min,转速为850 r/min,检测波长为254 nm,从山楂叶黄酮提取物中富集得到含牡荆素、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷3种化合物的混合组分,经半制备液相进行二次分离纯化,得到纯度大于98%的牡荆素、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷单体。研究结果表明,该技术对山楂叶中低含量黄酮类化合物的分离快速、高效,且纯度高。     

秋葵荚中两种黄酮苷的分离鉴定及含量测定

目的：首次从秋葵荚中分离制备异槲皮苷和槲皮素-龙胆二糖苷对照品并应用高效液相色谱法建立秋葵荚中两种黄酮苷含量的测定方法.方法：色谱柱：Welch Materials XB-C18（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）;流动相∶甲醇-水（42∶58）;检测波长：256 nm;流速：1 mL.min-1;柱温：30℃.结果：异槲皮苷和槲皮素-龙胆二糖苷进样量分别在0.165μg～0.825μg和0.155μg～0.775μg范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9999,r=0.9995）,平均回收率（n=6）分别为99.2%、100.3%.结论：该方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于测定秋葵中异槲皮苷和槲皮素-龙胆二糖苷的含量.     

阳春砂仁中总黄酮、异槲皮苷和槲皮苷含量测定研究

建立阳春砂仁中异槲皮苷和槲皮苷含量的高效液相(HPLC)测定方法.异槲皮苷进样量在0.0183～0.0915 μg范围内有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为102.69%,相对标准偏差为0.70%(n=6);槲皮苷进样量在0.029 4～0.147 μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为103.15%,相对标准偏差为0.68%(n=6).建立了紫外分光光度法测定砂仁中总黄酮含量的方法,采用槲皮苷为对照品,浓度在0～9.8 μg/mL.范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为100.89%,相对标准偏差为1.19%(n=6).本方法简便快捷,可作为砂仁含量测定质量控制方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定短梗五加中金丝桃苷和异嗪皮啶含量

建立HPLC测定短梗五加果实中异嗪皮啶和金丝桃苷含量的方法.用Waiers e2695-C18色谱柱(4.6nm×150nm,5μm)以乙腈-水溶液比例为(20∶80)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温:30℃,检测波长355nm.异嗪皮啶进样量在10μL内具有良好的线性关系,y=151 334 510 x+5 939 724,R2=0.939 3.异嗪皮啶的平均回收率为101.02%,RSD为2.09%.金丝桃苷进样量在10μL内呈良好的线性关系,y=27 639 620 x+76 443,R2=0.999 9.平均回收率为99.7%,RSD为2.02%.HPLC灵敏快速,结果准确,重现性好,可以用于短梗五加果实中金丝桃苷和异嗪皮啶的含量测定.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对贯叶连翘中4种黄酮醇类化合物抗氧化活性的定量研究*

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-ESI/MS)法对芦丁、金丝桃苷、槲皮素和槲皮苷的抗氧化活性进行定量研究。样品用甲醇溶解,采用Hewlett Packard ODS Hypersil C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)、0.1%甲酸水-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.6 m L·min~(-1),柱温25℃;电喷雾源,负离子模式多反应选择离子检测(MRM),用于定性、定量的母离子和子离子分别为m/z 609→300(芦丁)、m/z 463→300(金丝桃苷)、m/z 301→151(槲皮素)、m/z 447→300(槲皮苷),采用外标法进行定量分析。结果表明:芦丁、金丝桃苷、槲皮素和槲皮苷在0.5~1 600 ng·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(R0.998),定量限为0.5 ng·m L~(-1),仪器精密度良好(RSD3.0%),样品反应液在24 h内稳定性良好。本方法具有灵敏度高,分析时间短等特点,相对于其他检测方法,提高了检测的准确性,适用于对贯叶连翘中黄酮醇类化合物抗氧化活性的定量研究。经计算,芦丁、金丝桃苷、槲皮素和槲皮苷对ABTS~(.+)的清除率分别为18.35%、36.28%、41.50%和37.18%。     

HPLC法测定火炭母中异槲皮苷的含量

目的：建立火炭母中异槲皮苷的HPLC分析方法。方法：采用DiamonsilC18（5μm×250mm×4.6mm）色谱柱,以乙腈-四氢呋喃-0.2%磷酸水溶液（15：4：81）为流动相洗脱,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为255nm,柱温为35℃。结果：异槲皮苷在0.1984～2.976mg的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.9992;异槲皮苷的平均加样回收率分别为100.8%（RSD=1.65%）结论：本方法操作简单,重现性好,结果稳定,可有效地控制火炭母的质量。     

HPLC法同时测定清心明目上清片中栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的:建立HPLC同时测定清心明目上清片中四种成分(栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱)含量的方法.方法:色谱柱.AglientTC-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-0.2%磷酸溶液(B),梯度洗脱程序依次为.0~10 min 18%B,10~12 min 20%~30%B,12~14 min30%~16%B,14~20 min 16%~28%B,20~30 min 28%~65%B,30~40 min 65%~80%B,流速0.9 mL·min-1,柱温为25℃,检测波长分别为238 nm(栀子苷和连翘苷)、275nm(黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱).结果:栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱分别在0.031 1~0.622 2μg(r=0.999 6),0.533 3~8.000μg(r=0.999 6),0.080 0~1.600 0μg(r=0.999 5),0.115 6~1.155 6μg(r=0.999 4)范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为98.4%、98.3%、97.1%、98.2%.结论:本法操作简便、精密度高、重现性好,适用于同时测定清心明目上清片中栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量.     

HPLC法测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的含量

目的：建立测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的含量测定方法.方法：用HPLC方法对测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷进行含量测定研究.色谱柱采用Diamonsil C18（200×4.6 mm 5μm）,以甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液（52∶48）为流动相,检测波长为360 nm;流速为1.0 mL/min.结果：槲皮素在0.174-0.870μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 8,n=5）,山柰素在0.117-0.585μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 8,n=5）,异鼠李素在0.040 8-0.204μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 9,n=5）;槲皮素、山柰素、异鼠李素的平均回收率（n=5）分别为99.96%、99.24%、100.46%.结论：本方法操作简便,重现性好,专属性强,可作银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的质量控制方法.     

基于UPLC方法同时测定准噶尔柳花中的芦丁、木犀草苷、绿原酸、槲皮素含量

利用UPLC法测定准噶尔柳花中的芦丁、木犀草苷、绿原酸、槲皮素含量。采用色谱柱：ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm;流动相：乙腈（A） 0.2%乙酸水溶液（B）,梯度洗脱,流速：0.29 mL/min;检测波长：360 nm;柱温：30 ℃。实验结果表明,芦丁线性范围0.05~3.12 μg/mL（r=0.999 8）,平均回收率为99.9%,相对标准偏差为1.6%;木犀草苷线性范围0.03~9.00 μg/mL（r=0.999 5）,平均回收率为98.8%,相对标准偏差为0.8%;绿原酸线性范围0.01~5.00 μg/mL（r=0.999 7）,平均回收率为97.6%,相对标准偏差为1.7%;槲皮素线性范围0.001~0.050 μg/mL（r=0.999 8）,平均回收率为99.0%,相对标准偏差为2.0%。该方法准确可靠,重复性好,可以作为准噶尔柳花的质量控制依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.