计算旋转叶片动态频率的一种新方法

针对旋转叶片的结构和工作特点,基于旋转态下的悬臂梁理论,建立了考虑叶片离心力作用的动力学方程.采用梁函数法推导了在变转速状态下悬臂梁频率的解析表达式,进而确定了叶片在离心力作用下的固有频率随转速的变化规律,获得了叶片动频率、静频率与转速之间的关系,得到了一种新的叶片动频系数公式.最后,采用解析法和经验公式法分别计算某叶片的前三阶动频,结果表明该方法的合理性.     

A giant thunderstorm on Saturn

Lightning discharges in Saturn's atmosphere emit radio waves with intensities about 10,000 times stronger than those of their terrestrial counterparts. These radio waves are the characteristic features of lightning from thunderstorms on Saturn, which last for days to months. Convective storms about 2,000 kilometres in size have been observed in recent years at planetocentric latitude 35° south (corresponding to a planetographic latitude of 41° south). Here we report observations of a giant thunderstorm at planetocentric latitude 35° north that reached a latitudinal extension of 10,000 kilometres-comparable in size to a 'Great White Spot'-about three weeks after it started in early December 2010. The visible plume consists of high-altitude clouds that overshoot the outermost ammonia cloud layer owing to strong vertical convection, as is typical for thunderstorms. The flash rates of this storm are about an order of magnitude higher than previous ones, and peak rates larger than ten per second were recorded. This main storm developed an elongated eastward tail with additional but weaker storm cells that wrapped around the whole planet by February 2011. Unlike storms on Earth, the total power of this storm is comparable to Saturn's total emitted power. The appearance of such storms in the northern hemisphere could be related to the change of seasons, given that Saturn experienced vernal equinox in August 2009.     

Formation of the storm-time ring current

An extensive study of ring current injection and intensification of the storm-time symmetric ring current is conducted with three-dimensional (3-D) test particle trajectory calculations (TPTCs) in this paper. TPTCs reveal more accurately the process of ring current injection. The main results are the following: (1) an intense convection electric field can effectively energize and inject plasma sheet particles into ring current region within 1--3 h. (2) Injection ions often follow chaotic trajectories in non-adiabatic regions, which may have implications in storm and ring current physics. (3) The shielding electric field, which arises as a consequence of enhanced convection and co-exists with injection and convection electric field, leads the original open trajectories to change into closed ones, thus may play an important role in the formation of the symmetric ring current.     

旋转充液系统非线性稳定性和动力学分析

应用Ｌｉａｐｕｎｏｖ－Ｒｕｍｊａｎｔｓｅｖ部分变量稳定性理论，分析旋转充液系统的非线性稳定性，得出其稳定性的充分条件。在Ｓｔｅｗａｒｔｓｏｎ－Ｗｅｄｅｍｅｙｅｒ－Ｍｕｒｐｈｙ关于系统内部流体惯性波振动产生共振不稳定理论的基础上，应用全局分叉理论中的Ｍｅｌｎｉｋｏｖ方法，分析了旋转充液系统非线性角运动的动力学行为，得出系统不出现浑沌的条件。     

An infrared ring around the magnetar SGR 1900+14

Magnetars are a special class of slowly rotating (period approximately 5-12 s) neutron stars with extremely strong magnetic fields (>10(14 )G)--at least an order of magnitude larger than those of the 'normal' radio pulsars. The potential evolutionary links and differences between these two types of object are still unknown; recent studies, however, have provided circumstantial evidence connecting magnetars with very massive progenitor stars. Here we report the discovery of an infrared elliptical ring or shell surrounding the magnetar SGR 1900+14. The appearance and energetics of the ring are difficult to interpret within the framework of the progenitor's stellar mass loss or the subsequent evolution of the supernova remnant. We suggest instead that a dust-free cavity was produced in the magnetar environment by the giant flare emitted by the source in August 1998. Considering the total energy released in the flare, the theoretical dust-destruction radius matches well with the observed dimensions of the ring. We conclude that SGR 1900+14 is unambiguously associated with a cluster of massive stars, thereby solidifying the link between magnetars and massive stars.     

一种采用全MOS器件补偿温度和沟调效应的电流控制环形振荡器

提出一种全MOS器件补偿温度和沟调效应电流控制环形振荡器,以减小通信时钟恢复电路振荡器的振荡频率偏移.与传统振荡器相比,该振荡器采用全MOS器件设计温度和偏置电流补偿电路,在增强可靠性的情况下降低了温度和沟调效应引起的频率偏移.电路采用0.35μm标准MOS工艺设计,通过与传统振荡器性能进行仿真比较,该方法振荡频率的偏移量得到明显改善.     

圆柱基础扰流环冲刷防护实验研究

马蹄涡对圆柱基础局部冲刷有重要影响.通过模型实验,研究了利用扰流环影响马蹄涡的发展,从而减弱局部冲刷的效果.实验中,扰流环安放在圆柱底部距离沙面不同位置处.实测数据结果表明:在均匀来流作用下,扰流环能不同程度地抑制马蹄涡,减小立柱基础的局部冲刷,效果最佳时泥沙冲刷量能减小40%.这种新的冲刷防护措施简单、实用、适应性强,为桩柱基础的冲刷防护提供了有用的参考依据.     

利用电流高次谐波诊断旋转设备故障的研究

电气设备如电动机,变频器,变压器,发电机等,在不同劣化状态,不同的工作状态下,会产生不同的高次谐波。经过多年对各类电器设备高次谐波成分的密切跟踪和详细分析,通过研究电流谐波的产生机理,详细阐述了高次谐波的电路理论与电流分析,发现电气设备中的高次谐波和劣化情况及设备状态有直接对应关系,可为维护保养提供依据。这种检测技术(原理)是结合了谐波分析法和电流法的新型谐波诊断法。     

强夯法研究现状分析

在对强夯法简要介绍的基础上,文章从有效加固深度、振动环境分析、数值模拟、强夯时夯锤跟土体之间的接触应力和土中的应力分布、强夯前后土体的性状变化等方面对强夯法的研究现状进行了分析总结,首次对强夯的冲击特性、强夯时被加固土体的性状、夯锤跟土体的作用时间、土体服从的本构模型以及波动能量等方面进行了总结,最后讨论了强夯的研究方向.     

介观环中有Dresselhause自旋-轨道耦合效应的持续自旋流

在介观半导体环中,自旋-轨道耦合的存在直接影响持续自旋流的流动.作为自旋分裂的结果,持续自旋流并不与电荷流成一定的比例.我们研究有Dresselhaus自旋-轨道相互作用存在的介观半导体环中持续自旋流的性质.     

碎石桩-强夯联合法加固湖区填土地基

根据湖区填土的层次结构和工程特性,结合地基土中附加应力的分布规律,采用碎石桩-强夯联合法能起到较好的加固效果.该法先在填土层中设置好碎石桩体,利用挤密和排水固结的作用使其得到初步加固,然后对荷载影响深度范围内的复合土体进行低能强夯处理,迫使桩体碎石沿径向扩散,形成上部为密实的碎石二合土层、中部为扩径后高置换率复合地基、下部为整体夯密复合地基的三层结构.这种土层结构形式具有较高的强度和整体稳定性,能满足一般建筑物的浅埋扩展基础的要求.图1,表1,参8.     

关于clean环与exchange环的一点注记

目的研究clean环和exchange环的关系。方法环R被称为clean环,若环R中每一个元素都能写成一个幂等元和一个单位的和。通过减弱了"R是左拟-duo环"的条件,来研究clean环和exchange环的关系。结果证明了,如果"R的任意极大左理想是GW-理想"、"R的任意极大左理想是拟理想"、"R的任意极大左理想是弱右理想"以及"R的任意补左理想是理想",那么R是exchange环当且仅当R是clean环。结论在减弱"R是左拟-duo环"得到的一些条件下,R是exchange环当且仅当R是clean环成立。     

Latitudinal shift and tilt of the ring current during magnetic storms

The equatorial ring current (ERC) theory suggested that the distribution of global disturbed horizontal geomagnetic field only depends on the cosine of station’s latitude. However, we always observe a larger ΔH at higher latitude stations than lower ones, implying that the ERC could tilt or/and shift with respect to the equatorial plane during intense storms. In this paper, we analyze 11 intense magnetic storms from 2000 to 2004, and introduce two configurational factors to characterize the topology of storm time ring current. The results show that ERC has occasionally deviated off equatorial plane with both tilt angle δ_t≈13°―25° and latitude shift δ_s≈0°―21.8°. The ground disturbed field distribution should be improved as ΔH_k = ΔH_maxcos(φ_k-δ ), which agree well with the geomagnetic observations.     

细纱机主轴系统的动态设计

根据细纱机主轴系统的动特性要求 ,应用结构动力学修改方法来修正支承和联轴节单元的刚度 ,以使主轴系统的动特性满足设计要求 .根据修正过的支承和联轴节的刚度 ,一个弹性支承和弹性联轴节的实际结构已经被设计出 .比较具有弹性支承和弹性联轴节的主轴系统的数字仿真与设计要求 .其一致性证明了 SDM方法的有效性和设计方法的正确性 .     

环渤海地区云量的动力过程相似预报方法

利用环渤海35个台站1954-2002年近50年逐日平均总云量和低云量的观测资料,统计关注区域内少云、中等云量、多云的发生情况;再用同期NCEP再分析资料,计算出预报关注区域内与不同云量形成相关性较好的各种不同要素的平均场,依据动力过程相似原理,利用T213数值预报产品相邻24h预报场,以域块距离为依据,建立云量预报模型,制作日平均总云量和低云量4～9天的预报.经过2003-2007年的预报结果与实况资料的对比检验表明:依据动力过程相似方法建立的云量预报模型对日平均总云量和日平均低云量的预报准确率较高;日平均低云量预报准确率要高于日平均总云量;冬半年预报准确率高于夏半年;天空出现少云的预报准确率高于中等云量和多云的情况.     

基于正交多项式的旋转Timoshenko梁集中动载荷识别

针对受集中动载荷的旋转Timoshenko梁识别模型,以广义正交多项式序列作为基函数拟合集中动载,将输入载荷的识别转化为正交多项式系数的求解。为了辨识未知集中力,建立了时域下旋转连续梁的动载荷识别理论。数值算例表明：该识别方法简便有效,精度较高,可运用于实际工程中。     

输电线路中均压环对复合绝缘子的研究

本文利用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元仿真软件仿真了绝缘子在加装均压环前后周围电场的情况,证实了复合绝缘子加装均压环确实能够解决输电线路中电场集中的问题,为输电线路安全稳定的运行提供理论基础.     

基于重复控制的多轴旋转机械动不平衡问题研究

在分析旋转机械体的运动学和动力学模型的基础上,建立了运动系统的动不平衡模型,表现出由于运动系统存在动不平衡问题造成的周期性扰动力矩,影响旋转机械体各轴的定位精度和速率精度。针对旋转机械体系统的动平衡扰动是多周期的,提出重复控制方法,该方法能将减小周期正弦非线性干扰引起的系统误差。选取测试台作为研究对象进行仿真,结果验证了所设计的控制系统对消除动平衡引起的周期性扰动的有效性。     

A PLL Clock Frequency Multiplier Using Dynamic Current Matching Adaptive Charge-Pump and VCO Frequency Reuse

A 3.5 times PLL clock frequency multiplier for low voltage different signal （LVDS） driver is presented. A novel adaptive charge pump can automatically switch the loop bandwidth and a voltage-controlled oscillator （VCO） is designed with the aid of frequency ranges reuse technology. The circuit is implemented using 1st Silicon 0.25 μm mixed-signal complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） process. Simulation results show that the PLL clock frequency multiplier has very low phase noise and very short capture time .     

Iron deficiency induces the formation of an antenna ring around trimeric photosystem I in cyanobacteria

Although iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, its concentration in the aquatic ecosystems-particularly the open oceans-is sufficiently low to limit photosynthetic activity and phytoplankton growth. Cyanobacteria, a major class of phytoplankton, respond to iron deficiency by expressing the 'iron-stress-induced' gene, isiA(ref. 3). The protein encoded by this gene has an amino-acid sequence that shows significant homology with one of the chlorophyll a-binding proteins (CP43) of photosystem II (PSII). The precise function of the CP43-like protein, here called CP43', has not been elucidated, although there have been many suggestions. Here we show that CP43' associates with photosystem I (PSI) to form a complex that consists of a ring of 18 CP43' molecules around a PSI trimer. This significantly increases the size of the light-harvesting system of PSI. The utilization of a PSII-like protein as an extra antenna for PSI emphasises the flexibility of cyanobacterial light-harvesting systems, and seems to be a strategy which compensates for the lowering of phycobilisome and PSI levels in response to iron deficiency.