A giant thunderstorm on Saturn

Lightning discharges in Saturn's atmosphere emit radio waves with intensities about 10,000 times stronger than those of their terrestrial counterparts. These radio waves are the characteristic features of lightning from thunderstorms on Saturn, which last for days to months. Convective storms about 2,000 kilometres in size have been observed in recent years at planetocentric latitude 35° south (corresponding to a planetographic latitude of 41° south). Here we report observations of a giant thunderstorm at planetocentric latitude 35° north that reached a latitudinal extension of 10,000 kilometres-comparable in size to a 'Great White Spot'-about three weeks after it started in early December 2010. The visible plume consists of high-altitude clouds that overshoot the outermost ammonia cloud layer owing to strong vertical convection, as is typical for thunderstorms. The flash rates of this storm are about an order of magnitude higher than previous ones, and peak rates larger than ten per second were recorded. This main storm developed an elongated eastward tail with additional but weaker storm cells that wrapped around the whole planet by February 2011. Unlike storms on Earth, the total power of this storm is comparable to Saturn's total emitted power. The appearance of such storms in the northern hemisphere could be related to the change of seasons, given that Saturn experienced vernal equinox in August 2009.     

旋转充液系统非线性稳定性和动力学分析

应用Ｌｉａｐｕｎｏｖ－Ｒｕｍｊａｎｔｓｅｖ部分变量稳定性理论，分析旋转充液系统的非线性稳定性，得出其稳定性的充分条件。在Ｓｔｅｗａｒｔｓｏｎ－Ｗｅｄｅｍｅｙｅｒ－Ｍｕｒｐｈｙ关于系统内部流体惯性波振动产生共振不稳定理论的基础上，应用全局分叉理论中的Ｍｅｌｎｉｋｏｖ方法，分析了旋转充液系统非线性角运动的动力学行为，得出系统不出现浑沌的条件。     

An infrared ring around the magnetar SGR 1900+14

Magnetars are a special class of slowly rotating (period approximately 5-12 s) neutron stars with extremely strong magnetic fields (>10(14 )G)--at least an order of magnitude larger than those of the 'normal' radio pulsars. The potential evolutionary links and differences between these two types of object are still unknown; recent studies, however, have provided circumstantial evidence connecting magnetars with very massive progenitor stars. Here we report the discovery of an infrared elliptical ring or shell surrounding the magnetar SGR 1900+14. The appearance and energetics of the ring are difficult to interpret within the framework of the progenitor's stellar mass loss or the subsequent evolution of the supernova remnant. We suggest instead that a dust-free cavity was produced in the magnetar environment by the giant flare emitted by the source in August 1998. Considering the total energy released in the flare, the theoretical dust-destruction radius matches well with the observed dimensions of the ring. We conclude that SGR 1900+14 is unambiguously associated with a cluster of massive stars, thereby solidifying the link between magnetars and massive stars.     

强夯法研究现状分析

在对强夯法简要介绍的基础上,文章从有效加固深度、振动环境分析、数值模拟、强夯时夯锤跟土体之间的接触应力和土中的应力分布、强夯前后土体的性状变化等方面对强夯法的研究现状进行了分析总结,首次对强夯的冲击特性、强夯时被加固土体的性状、夯锤跟土体的作用时间、土体服从的本构模型以及波动能量等方面进行了总结,最后讨论了强夯的研究方向.     

利用电流高次谐波诊断旋转设备故障的研究

电气设备如电动机,变频器,变压器,发电机等,在不同劣化状态,不同的工作状态下,会产生不同的高次谐波。经过多年对各类电器设备高次谐波成分的密切跟踪和详细分析,通过研究电流谐波的产生机理,详细阐述了高次谐波的电路理论与电流分析,发现电气设备中的高次谐波和劣化情况及设备状态有直接对应关系,可为维护保养提供依据。这种检测技术(原理)是结合了谐波分析法和电流法的新型谐波诊断法。     

碎石桩-强夯联合法加固湖区填土地基

根据湖区填土的层次结构和工程特性,结合地基土中附加应力的分布规律,采用碎石桩-强夯联合法能起到较好的加固效果.该法先在填土层中设置好碎石桩体,利用挤密和排水固结的作用使其得到初步加固,然后对荷载影响深度范围内的复合土体进行低能强夯处理,迫使桩体碎石沿径向扩散,形成上部为密实的碎石二合土层、中部为扩径后高置换率复合地基、下部为整体夯密复合地基的三层结构.这种土层结构形式具有较高的强度和整体稳定性,能满足一般建筑物的浅埋扩展基础的要求.图1,表1,参8.     

介观环中有Dresselhause自旋-轨道耦合效应的持续自旋流

在介观半导体环中,自旋-轨道耦合的存在直接影响持续自旋流的流动.作为自旋分裂的结果,持续自旋流并不与电荷流成一定的比例.我们研究有Dresselhaus自旋-轨道相互作用存在的介观半导体环中持续自旋流的性质.     

关于clean环与exchange环的一点注记

目的研究clean环和exchange环的关系。方法环R被称为clean环,若环R中每一个元素都能写成一个幂等元和一个单位的和。通过减弱了"R是左拟-duo环"的条件,来研究clean环和exchange环的关系。结果证明了,如果"R的任意极大左理想是GW-理想"、"R的任意极大左理想是拟理想"、"R的任意极大左理想是弱右理想"以及"R的任意补左理想是理想",那么R是exchange环当且仅当R是clean环。结论在减弱"R是左拟-duo环"得到的一些条件下,R是exchange环当且仅当R是clean环成立。     

环渤海地区云量的动力过程相似预报方法

利用环渤海35个台站1954-2002年近50年逐日平均总云量和低云量的观测资料,统计关注区域内少云、中等云量、多云的发生情况;再用同期NCEP再分析资料,计算出预报关注区域内与不同云量形成相关性较好的各种不同要素的平均场,依据动力过程相似原理,利用T213数值预报产品相邻24h预报场,以域块距离为依据,建立云量预报模型,制作日平均总云量和低云量4～9天的预报.经过2003-2007年的预报结果与实况资料的对比检验表明:依据动力过程相似方法建立的云量预报模型对日平均总云量和日平均低云量的预报准确率较高;日平均低云量预报准确率要高于日平均总云量;冬半年预报准确率高于夏半年;天空出现少云的预报准确率高于中等云量和多云的情况.     

细纱机主轴系统的动态设计

根据细纱机主轴系统的动特性要求 ,应用结构动力学修改方法来修正支承和联轴节单元的刚度 ,以使主轴系统的动特性满足设计要求 .根据修正过的支承和联轴节的刚度 ,一个弹性支承和弹性联轴节的实际结构已经被设计出 .比较具有弹性支承和弹性联轴节的主轴系统的数字仿真与设计要求 .其一致性证明了 SDM方法的有效性和设计方法的正确性 .     

基于重复控制的多轴旋转机械动不平衡问题研究

在分析旋转机械体的运动学和动力学模型的基础上,建立了运动系统的动不平衡模型,表现出由于运动系统存在动不平衡问题造成的周期性扰动力矩,影响旋转机械体各轴的定位精度和速率精度。针对旋转机械体系统的动平衡扰动是多周期的,提出重复控制方法,该方法能将减小周期正弦非线性干扰引起的系统误差。选取测试台作为研究对象进行仿真,结果验证了所设计的控制系统对消除动平衡引起的周期性扰动的有效性。     

输电线路中均压环对复合绝缘子的研究

本文利用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元仿真软件仿真了绝缘子在加装均压环前后周围电场的情况,证实了复合绝缘子加装均压环确实能够解决输电线路中电场集中的问题,为输电线路安全稳定的运行提供理论基础.     

A PLL Clock Frequency Multiplier Using Dynamic Current Matching Adaptive Charge-Pump and VCO Frequency Reuse

A 3.5 times PLL clock frequency multiplier for low voltage different signal （LVDS） driver is presented. A novel adaptive charge pump can automatically switch the loop bandwidth and a voltage-controlled oscillator （VCO） is designed with the aid of frequency ranges reuse technology. The circuit is implemented using 1st Silicon 0.25 μm mixed-signal complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） process. Simulation results show that the PLL clock frequency multiplier has very low phase noise and very short capture time .     

Iron deficiency induces the formation of an antenna ring around trimeric photosystem I in cyanobacteria

Although iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, its concentration in the aquatic ecosystems-particularly the open oceans-is sufficiently low to limit photosynthetic activity and phytoplankton growth. Cyanobacteria, a major class of phytoplankton, respond to iron deficiency by expressing the 'iron-stress-induced' gene, isiA(ref. 3). The protein encoded by this gene has an amino-acid sequence that shows significant homology with one of the chlorophyll a-binding proteins (CP43) of photosystem II (PSII). The precise function of the CP43-like protein, here called CP43', has not been elucidated, although there have been many suggestions. Here we show that CP43' associates with photosystem I (PSI) to form a complex that consists of a ring of 18 CP43' molecules around a PSI trimer. This significantly increases the size of the light-harvesting system of PSI. The utilization of a PSII-like protein as an extra antenna for PSI emphasises the flexibility of cyanobacterial light-harvesting systems, and seems to be a strategy which compensates for the lowering of phycobilisome and PSI levels in response to iron deficiency.     

在酸性氯化钠溶液中铜阳极恒电位电流振荡的研究

研究了旋转圆盘铜阳极在酸性NaCl溶液中恒电位电流振荡现象。用logI—E曲线初步研究产生电流振荡的电位范围。实验证实 ,恒电位电流振荡的振幅随转速的增加而减小 ,诱导期随转速的增大而增加 ,转速对振荡频率的影响不大 ;振荡与H+浓度有很大关系 ,振幅随H+浓度降低而减少 ,当H+浓度为 0 0 5mol/dm3 时 ,没有出现电流振荡现象     

Design of a CMOS Adaptive Charge Pump with Dynamic Current Matching

A novel structure for a charge pump circuit is proposed, in which the charge-pump （CP） current can adaptively regulated according to phase-locked loops （PLL） frequency synthesis demand. The current follow technology is used to make perfect current matching characteristics, and the two differential inverters are implanted to increase the speed of charge pump and decrease output spur due to theory of low voltage difference signal. Simulation results, with 1st silicon 0. 25μm 2. 5 V complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） mixed-signal process, show the good current matching characteristics regardless of the charge pump output voltages.     

可验证的代理环签名方案

把代理环签名与可验证环签名结合起来, 提出了一个可验证的代理环签名方案. 此方案不但具有代理环签名的性质:正确性、无条件匿名性、不可伪造性、可区分性, 而且在需要的时候, 真实的代理签名者还可以向验证者证明自己的身份;同时方案的双线对的计算开销从O(n)降到了O(1), 有效性提高了.     

A belt of moonlets in Saturn's A ring

The origin and evolution of planetary rings is one of the prominent unsolved problems of planetary sciences, with direct implications for planet-forming processes in pre-planetary disks. The recent detection of four propeller-shaped features in Saturn's A ring proved the presence of large boulder-sized moonlets in the rings. Their existence favours ring creation in a catastrophic disruption of an icy satellite rather than a co-genetic origin with Saturn, because bodies of this size are unlikely to have accreted inside the rings. Here we report the detection of eight new propeller features in an image sequence that covers the complete A ring, indicating embedded moonlets with radii between 30 m and 70 m. We show that the moonlets found are concentrated in a narrow 3,000-km-wide annulus 130,000 km from Saturn. Compared to the main population of ring particles (radius s < 10 m), such embedded moonlets have a short lifetime with respect to meteoroid impacts. Therefore, they are probably the remnants of a shattered ring-moon of Pan size or larger, locally contributing new material to the older ring. This supports the theory of catastrophic ring creation in a collisional cascade.     

斜多项式环R[x,σ]是p.q-Baer环的充分条件

设σ是环R的一个自同构 .证明了如果R是σ 右p q Baer环 ,并且Sσl 的任意元e满足 :对任意的r∈R及任意非负整数i,erσ-i(e) =rσ-i(e) ;对任意的r∈R ,若re=0 ,则rσ(e) =0 ,那么环R的斜多项式扩张R[x ,σ]是右p q Baer环     

A prototype storage ring for neutral molecules

The ability to cool and manipulate atoms with light has yielded atom interferometry, precision spectroscopy, Bose-Einstein condensates and atom lasers. The extension of controlled manipulation to molecules is expected to be similarly rewarding, but molecules are not as amenable to manipulation by light owing to a far more complex energy-level spectrum. However, time-varying electric and magnetic fields have been successfully used to control the position and velocity of ions, suggesting that these schemes can also be used to manipulate neutral particles having an electric or magnetic dipole moment. Although the forces exerted on neutral species are many orders of magnitude smaller than those exerted on ions, beams of neutral dipolar molecules have been successfully slowed down in a series of pulsed electric fields and subsequently loaded into an electrostatic trap. Here we extend the scheme to include a prototype electrostatic storage ring made of a hexapole torus with a circumference of 80 cm. After injection, decelerated bunches of deuterated ammonia molecules, each containing about 106 molecules in a single quantum state and with a translational temperature of 10 mK, travel up to six times around the ring. Stochastic cooling might provide a means to increase the phase-space density of the stored molecules in the storage ring, and we expect this to open up new opportunities for molecular spectroscopy and studies of cold molecular collisions.