结合语义分割和特征融合的行人检测方法

针对传统行人检测方法在复杂场景下存在遮挡行人和小尺寸行人检测效果差的问题,提出一种结合语义分割和特征融合的行人检测方法.该方法的网络结构以区域全卷积神经网络为基础框架,根据行人检测任务进行改进.使用深度残差网络提取出多尺度的特征映射图;通过全卷积语义分割网络,得到对应的语义分割图;利用特征融合模块构造出融合特征图;将融...     

基于图的流行排序的视觉跟踪

为了克服基于检测的目标跟踪中的模型漂移问题,在基于检测的目标跟踪框架下提出一种新的基于图的流行排序的目标跟踪方法。该方法能够抑制在跟踪过程中目标变形、尺度变化以及遮挡等带来的背景信息的影响。首先,把目标矩形框划分为不重叠的图像块,构造一个k-正则图,即以这些图像块为图结点,构造k-正则图,边权定义为结点之间的底层特征的相似性。其次,为每一个图像块分配一个权重,用于表示该图像块在目标表达中的重要性,以此抑制背景信息的干扰,并通过半监督的方式进行计算。特别初始化一些背景或目标图像块,设其权重为1,其他为0,通过流行排序算法计算所有图像块属于背景或目标的权重。此外,使用多尺度特征金字塔的方法处理跟踪过程中的目标尺度变化,同时提高了初始图像块的可靠性。最后,把所有图像块的底层特征进行加权,连接成一个向量,作为矩形框的特征表达,并使用结构化输出(Struck)算法进行跟踪。在几个公共视频序列上进行了实验,结果表明,研究方法的跟踪性能极大地超过了其他跟踪方法。     

图上自适应正则化的图像去噪

自适应正则化方法在不同的局部区域能够选取不同的正则化参数和正则化约束,因而能够灵活地对边缘和噪声进行区别处理。将自适应正则化建立在图上,提出了一种定义在加权图上的,具有自适应参数的正则化模型。用nonlocal means 算法构造图的权重函数,用建立在图上的自适应正则化方程实现图像的去噪处理,仿真实验结果表明：该方法能有效地去除图像中的噪声,在去噪性能上优于部分基于图论的偏微分方程方法。     

基于方向信息测度的非局部正则化图像去噪方法

针对非局部正则化在图像去噪过程中计算复杂度高、复原速度慢的问题,基于方向信息测度提出了改进的非局部正则化方法.在图像的边缘轮廓区域使用保边性能较好的非局部正则化方法,而在图像的平坦区域使用各向异性全变差模型,且该全变差模型由基于Bregman迭代正则化方法的快速迭代算法进行求解.实验结果表明:基于方向信息测度的非局部正则化方法在快速消除图像噪声的同时,能有效地保留图像的边缘和纹理等结构信息.     

基于Mask R-CNN的满文文档版面分析

提出一种基于Mask R-CNN深度学习框架的满文文档版面分析方法,将满文文档版面分析问题转化为基于深度学习的图像实例分割问题。使用ResNet101网络和FPN网络构成的卷积神经网络自动提取满文文档图像特征,特征图经过RPN网络和RoI Align层生成新的特征图。新特征图经过全连接层完成感兴趣区域的类别和边框预测,并经过全卷积神经网络对感兴趣区域的像素进行分类得到mask预测,最终实现满文文档图像的实例分割。通过《新满汉大辞典》的文档图像构建了满文文档图像数据集,算法在该满文文档图像数据集上进行了实验。实验结果表明,本算法在满文文档版面分析中取得了较好的检测和分割效果。     

一种鲁棒的无监督聚类图像分割算法

针对目前基于模糊C-均值聚类图像分割算法的噪声敏感问题, 提出一种基于无监督可能性聚类的自动加权图像分割算法. 该算法先应用均值漂移迭代确定可能性C-均值聚类算法的初始化中心, 利用可能性聚类的模式搜索性质自动确定聚类划分; 然后根据像素间灰度值关系进行图像加权, 通过将加权系数与像素噪声的可能性相关联, 降低噪声对图像分割的影响. 实验结果表明, 相对于基于模糊C-均值聚类的图像分割算法, 该算法不仅取得了较好的分割效果, 而且无监督分割时计算效率更高, 对噪声的鲁棒性更强.     

一种鲁棒的无监督聚类图像分割算法

针对目前基于模糊C-均值聚类图像分割算法的噪声敏感问题, 提出一种基于无监督可能性聚类的自动加权图像分割算法. 该算法先应用均值漂移迭代确定可能性C-均值聚类算法的初始化中心, 利用可能性聚类的模式搜索性质自动确定聚类划分; 然后根据像素间灰度值关系进行图像加权, 通过将加权系数与像素噪声的可能性相关联, 降低噪声对图像分割的影响. 实验结果表明, 相对于基于模糊C-均值聚类的图像分割算法, 该算法不仅取得了较好的分割效果, 而且无监督分割时计算效率更高, 对噪声的鲁棒性更强.     

基于自适应邻域和自表示正则的无监督特征选择算法

为了更好地预处理未标记数据,大多数基于图正则的无监督特征选择算法通过构造样本的相似性矩阵来删除冗余信息并选择具有代表性的特征子集。这些方法中的大多数图都是用固定数量的近邻数来初始化,忽略了数据分布不均匀的问题。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种基于自适应邻域和自表示正则的无监督特征选择算法(Adaptive neighborhood regularized self-representation, ANRSR)来选择具有代表性和判别性的特征子集。为了保留局部内在结构,该算法将基于自适应邻域的流形正则化运用到自表示模型中,并利用了一种迭代方法来解决此优化问题。最后,选取4种经典的无监督特征选择算法,在几个基准数据集上进行了对比实验,验证所提算法能够选出具有更高聚类精度和互信息的判别性特征子集。     

基于水平集和视觉显著性的植物病害叶片图像分割

为了提高植物病害叶片图像分割的准确性和效率,提出了一种基于水平集和视觉显著性的彩色图像分割方法.首先采用基于小波变换的显著性检测算法得到活动轮廓模型中曲线演化的初始位置,并构造一个基于显著区域的图像活动轮廓模型,再设计一个向量值图像的边界检测算子,引入到距离正则化水平集演化的改造中,以构造一个初始化轮廓更灵活,演化速度更快,目标分割更精确的新的水平集能量泛函.最后的实验对比表明,该方法具有较好的叶片病害部位分割效果.     

基于图的脑组织磁共振图像分割方法

提出一种基于图的层次聚类算法实现脑组织磁共振图像的自动分割。首先,采用基于图的分割方法对脑组织MR图像进行初始分割。由于脑组织MR图像各类组织结构分布复杂,尤其是脑脊液和灰质区域细节信息丰富、结构变化多样,分割结果中存在过分割现象。因此,利用对偶树复小波变换高频子带信息构造基于图的分割方法中参数k的自适应取值函数,避免图像平滑区域分割后产生大量小区域。然后,以层次聚类算法合并分割得到的小区域,解决基于图的方法分割脑组织MR图像中存在的过分割问题。最后,通过大量真实脑组织MR图像实验证明该方法在脑组织MR图像分割中的准确性和稳定性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-