Einfluss des Licht-Dunkel-Wechsels auf den O2-Umsatz der Rattenleber

Summary Similar diurnal periodicity in oxygen consumption of liver slices in Wistar rats was observed as that previously found in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rate of oxygen consumption was low in the morning and high in the evening. After inversion of lighting regimes, the phase shifted and reached the reversal curve in about 30 days. On the basis of these findings, it is estimated that diurnal periodicity in oxygen consumption of liver slices is influenced by alteration of the periods of light and darkness. Liver glycogen rhythm showed a reversed correlation to that of oxygen consumption in both lighting regimes.     

Die Genomsonderung in den Mitosen der Rattenleber

Summary Model squashes with gelatine cubes containing 8 files like the chromosomes ofBellevalia romana (2n=8) showed the chromosomes only in groupings that correspond to the original position of metaphase chromosomes. The metaphase chromosomes in root tip cells ofBellevalia romana are arranged at random; there is neither somatic pairing nor genome segregation (= grouping of metaphase chromosomes into two complete chromosome sets). In contradiction to these results, the chromosomes in the regenerating liver cells (2n=42) show a certain precentage of grouping into complete genomes. It is concluded that in rat liver cells a mechanism exists which, starting with the genome segregation, may produce a change in chromosome number. Thus these same euploid or aneuploid chromosome numbers can be explained which are really observed in normal and treated rat liver. 4 possibilities of such mechanism are discussed.

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Nach einem Vortrag, gehalten anlässlich des IV. Symposium histologicum internationale Lausanne (Suisse), 5.–8. September 1961.     

Morphometrische Untersuchungen an der Rattenleber — Parenchymzelle nach Anwendung verschiedener Fixationspuffer

Summary The effect of 2 fixatives, (1) s-Collidin buffered OsO₄, (2) phosphate buffered OsO₄, on the liver cell was studied by morphometric analysis. After fixation with solution 2, large areas of smooth endoplasmic reticulum were covered by electron-opaque deposits of glycogen. No such masking was noticed by using solution 1. Other cell organelles showed no significant differences in their relative volumes. By using fixative solution 2, decrease in glycogen can simulate relative volume increase of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

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Wesentliche Teile der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden von Frl. F.Stockmann der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Basel als Inaugural-Dissertation vorgelegt.     

Hemmung der cancerogenen und toxischen Wirkung von Diäthylnitrosamin auf die Rattenleber

Summary Rats treated by i.p. injections of a homologous thymus are protected, probably by greater reactivity, against the toxic and carcinogenic influence of diethylnitrosamine on the liver, effects that increase with time in untreated controls, long after cessation of drug administration, as is shown by the greater extent of degeneration in animals killed at longer than at shorter intervals.

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Die Arbeit wurde durch die Ludwig-Boltzmann-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung in Österreich unterstützt.     

Der Einfluss von Halothan und Chloroform auf die Feinstruktur und Proteinsynthese der Rattenleber

Summary Examinations by electron microscopic and autoradiographic techniques of whether chloroform and halothane alter protein synthesis in rat liver, demonstrate, that chloroform causes an early destruction of the granular endoplasmatic reticulum accompanied by a marked decrease of the protein synthesis in the centre of the acini. After anaesthesia with halothane, the granular endoplasmatic reticulum and the protein synthesis proved to remain unaffected.     

Zum Proliferations-Stoffwechsel der Rattenleber nach Teilhepatektomie. Autoradiographische Untersuchungen mit3H-Cytidin,-Phenylalanin und -Thymidin

Summary During the first wave of parenchymal liver regeneration in adult rats after partial hepatectomy, the cellular synthesis and migration of RNA and the metabolism of protein were studied by autoradiography following an injection of³H-cytidine or³H-l-phenylalanine and double injections of 1 of these precursors +³H-thymidine. The following results were obtained: the synthesis and migration of RNA and the metabolism of protein are enhanced under these conditions of proliferation. In spite of this, the relation of metabolic activity in nucleolus, karyoplasm and cytoplasm remains constant. By double injection techniques it is proved that no differences exist in migration of RNA into the cytoplasm and cytoplasmic protein synthesis between cells with or without DNA synthesizing nuclei.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Die Wirkung von Silymarin-N-methylglucamin-Salz auf den mikrosomalen Gehalt von Cytochrom P450 der Rattenleber bei akuter Thioacetamidintoxikation

Summary 24 h after Thioacetamide application (300 mg/kg body weight) on rats, microsomale Cytochrome P450 content is diminished about 40%. Prophylactic i.p. application of 400 mg Silymarine-N-methylglucamine salt, dissolved in 4% Polyvinylpyrrolidone solution, given 1 h before application of Thioacetamide. counteracts this diminution.     

Bestimmung des zeitlichen Verlaufes der Erschlaffung der kontraktilen Elemente mit Hilfe des Spannungs-Frequenz-Diagrammes

Summary By plotting the tension developed during maximal summation of muscle twitches against the stimulus interval, a curve can be drawn which has the same time course of the falling phase of the active state as determined by the method of quick release.     

Elektronenoptische Untersuchungen des Hauptstrom-Rauchkondensats der Partikelphase des Cigaretten- und Cigarrenrauchs

Summary Report on a method to produce, without refrigeration and solvents, a tobacco smoke condensate of the tobacco main-stream smoke of the particulate phase. Identification obtained by the electron fine beam diffraction of crystals in the sediment of the smoke condensate of cigarettes and cigars.

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Wissenschaftlicher Gast am Institut für Elektronenmikroskopie des Fritz-Haber-Instituts der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft.     

Strukturspezifischer Abbau von Polypeptid-Metall-Komplexen III 1. Abbau des Ni2+-Angiotensin II-Komplexes durch H2O2 2

Summary The octapeptide Val⁵-Angiotensin II-Asp¹--amide is split into characteristic fragments by hydrogen peroxide, when complexed with Ni²⁺; this degradation does not occur with the Cu²⁺ complex, presumably because an active ternary peroxo complex cannot be formed.     

Zur Frage der Beziehungen zwischen enddiastolischem Ventrikeldruck unddp/dt bzw.d 2 p/dt 2 der Ventrikeldruckkurve des Herzens

Summary Correlations between left ventricular enddiastolic pressure of the heart and first and second derivation of left ventricular pressure curve (dp/dt, d ² p/dt ² respectively) were examined at various hemodynamic conditions. The results showed only a particular dependence ofdp/dt andd ² p/dt ² from enddiastolic pressure. Therefore, it is concluded, that enddiastolic pressure is not the most important factor, which influences the dynamics of ventricular contraction.     

Proliferationen der Fischepidermis nach der Einwirkung von inhibitoren des glykolytischen Energiestoffwechsels

Summary When fluoride-ions or monoiodoacetate is added to the ambient medium, there occur in fish larvae after 12 h, and in eels after 24 h, in some places, solid epidermal proliferations. The effect of glycolysis inhibitors on epidermal mitotic activity might be due to an impairment of energy metabolism as it is nullified by a simultaneous application of inorganic diphosphate or by doubled O₂ partial pressure of 320 mm Hg.     

Zur Ausschaltung des Becquereleffektes in der Elektroretinographie

Summary Distortion of the electroretinogram by Becquerel effect may be excluded by using carbon rod instead of metallic wire in connecting the electrode.     

Motive und Probleme der Arithmetisierung der Mathematik in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts — Cauchys Analysis in der Sicht des Mathematikers Martin Ohm

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von C. J. Scriba     

Hemmung der Azetylierungsfunktion des Coenzyms A

Summary It is demonstrated that the acetylation of sulfanilamide and of p-amino-azobenzene, in the presence of pigeon liver extract and coenzyme A, is not only inhibited by -phenyl fatty acids but also by a considerable number of other substances. The most effective inhibitors contain at least two benzene nuclei and one acidic group (phenolic hydroxyl or a carboxyl group).     

Zytoplasmatische Feinstrukturen der Thrombozyten des Haushuhns

Summary Thrombocytes of clinical healthy, laying hybrid-hens were studied by using the electron microscope EM 9. In the cytoplasm of these cells osmiophilic granules of different stages were found, also lamellary bodies with or without vacuoles. A single lamella consists of myelin-membranes. Furthermore linear, branched out or circular membranes, which consist of 3 stratums, were observed in the cytoplasm. Ring-shaped microtubules lay close by the plasma membrane.     

Die Wirkung des Toluidinblaus und der Thrombokinase auf den Vorgang der Thrombininaktivierung

Summary The disappearance of thrombin—formed in the blood, or added to serum-follows a manomolecular reaction-type. Heparin increases the reaction-velocity of this thrombin-inactivating process.Our investigation established that toluidine blue or kinase, which, according to the literature, bind heparin, strongly reduce the speed of thrombin-inactivation too. Therefore the heparin-binding capacity of these substances is also manifested in the decrease of thrombin-inactivation.