南、北山楂提取液分别对人体内源淀粉酶作用研究

通过测定淀粉酶与山楂提取液反应后的酶活,分别探讨南、北山楂是否可以通过提高淀粉酶的活性来达到帮助消化的效果。在不同温度(30、60、80℃)下分别制备南、北山楂浸提液后,模拟人体肠道环境,分别考察在不同的反应温度(25、37、45℃)、不同的pH值(6.5、6.8)和离子条件(C₂O2-₄、Zn²⁺)下,南、北山楂水提液对淀粉酶活性的影响。结果发现,在所考察的反应温度范围内和pH值条件下,南、北山楂水提液在一定程度上均可以提高淀粉酶活性。其中,温度37℃、pH值为6.5的条件下,60℃制备的北山楂水提液对淀粉酶活性的促进作用最强,C₂O2-₄对淀粉酶与北山楂反应的影响呈现促进作用,而Zn²⁺对淀粉酶与南、北山楂的反应均表现为抑制作用。     

SO2-4对X100管线钢在盐渍性溶液中点蚀行为的影响

通过电化学测试技术研究X100管线钢在不同质量分数SO2-₄的盐渍性土壤模拟溶液中的点蚀行为,并利用扫描振动电极技术(SVET)分析其腐蚀机制,建立腐蚀模型。结果表明:试样在不同质量分数SO2-₄的土壤模拟溶液中均表现为典型的活性溶解;随着SO2-₄质量分数增加,极化电阻显著增加,自腐蚀电流密度降低,说明X100管线钢发生点蚀的倾向性减小,SO2-₄在库尔勒土壤中属于抑制性腐蚀阴离子。其腐蚀机制主要是SO2-₄与Cl-通过竞相吸附作用优先吸附在蚀坑表面,抑制Cl-对X100管线钢的腐蚀,同时生成的FeS腐蚀产物膜覆盖在腐蚀孔表面,降低了腐蚀速率。     

4A和13X分子筛去除水中重金属Cd2+及其吸附性能研究

以4A和13X分子筛为吸附材料,考察废水pH值和Cd²⁺初始浓度等对Cd²⁺去除率的影响,并研究了分子筛对Cd²⁺的吸附性能。结果表明,4A和13X分子筛投加量为0.16g/L、废水pH值为5、Cd²⁺浓度为20mg/L时,Cd²⁺去除率达到95%以上;分子筛对Cd²⁺的去除机理以离子交换吸附为主,交换出来的Na⁺与分子筛吸附的Cd²⁺摩尔浓度比为2;在吸附热力学和动力学方面,4A和13X分子筛均符合Langmuir吸附等温模型和Lagergren二级速率方程,计算的饱和吸附容量Q₀分别为150.15、163.67mg/g,二级反应速率常数K₂分别为2.45×10-3、3.96×10-4 g/(mg·s)。该吸附反应是一种单分子层反应速度较快的化学吸附过程。     

微生物的耐酸驯化及其对低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水修复的影响

为增强微生物对低pH值环境的耐受能力,提高微生物在低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水中去除NO－₃及水解植酸钠的能力,对琼氏不动杆菌和伯克霍尔德菌进行了耐酸梯度驯化,并对比研究了驯化前后菌株的耐酸能力。对于去除NO－₃的能力及水解植酸钠的能力,与原始菌株相比,琼氏不动杆菌经过梯度驯化后,在pH值为3.0的地浸铀矿山地下水中,生物量提高了1.5倍,去除NO－₃的能力提高了3.9倍;伯克霍尔德菌的生物量提高了11.8倍,水解植酸钠的能力提高了47.6倍。结果表明,对微生物进行耐酸梯度驯化,可以提高微生物对低pH值地浸铀矿山地下水的耐受能力和修复性能。     

KMnO4和KOH改性椰壳生物炭的制备及其去除废水中铀的机理研究

用KMnO₄和KOH对椰壳生物炭进行改性,制备成改性椰壳生物炭。采用傅立叶红外光谱对其进行了表征,探究了吸附剂投加量、温度、溶液pH和U(VI)初始质量浓度对U(VI)吸附性能的影响,分析了其吸附铀的机制。结果表明:在T=298 K、c₀=10~80 mg/L,pH=5的条件下,改性椰壳生物炭对U(VI)的吸附能力达到4.82 mg/g;改性椰壳生物炭的—OH可与U(VI)发生络合反应;改性椰壳生物炭对U(VI)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型、粒子内扩散模型以及Langmuir等温吸附模型。     

酸改性纳米氧化铈对腈纶废水中有机物的吸附性能研究

纳米氧化铈经过0.05MH₂SO₄改性处理．以腈纶废水中有机物为吸附质,在室温下进行了吸附实验．研究了改性后纳米氧化铈对有机物的吸附量影响因素,确定最佳吸附条件为酸改性后的纳米氧化铈的投加量为0.25 g、溶液的pH 值为 7.5,搅拌吸附时间3h,COD的吸附去除率达到60%以上。室温下,酸改性后的纳米氧化铈对有机物的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。     

改性膨润土矿物材料制备试验

以提纯后的钠基膨润土为原料，采用四氧化三铁磁体合成磁性膨润土，通过改变合成过程中的pH值、 温度、 搅拌聚合时间以及改性剂用量，根据改性磁性膨润土吸附铜离子的效果，判断实验条件对改性磁性膨润土的影响. 确定最佳的改性条件为合成时pH值12，合成过程温度40℃，搅拌聚合时间2.5h，吸附时间60min，改性剂(n_Fe∶n_Si=3∶1)用量30%(质量分数），产品最佳循环利用次数4次. 通过扫描电镜、 透射电镜、 XRD和电子探针等对产品进行表征分析，结果表明改性膨润土具有较好的吸附能力，利用四氧化三铁复合可以制备出性能优良的磁改性膨润土.     

聚合硫酸铝改性杭锦2#土对生活废水中磷的吸附研究

采用聚合硫酸铝对杭锦2#土进行改性并制备吸附剂,研究改性土对生活废水中磷酸根的吸附性能,讨论了吸附剂用量、磷酸根浓度、溶液pH值、温度对吸附容量的影响及其吸附动力学特征.结果表明,改性杭锦2#土的投加量增大,磷的去除率增加;初始磷浓度增加,去除率下降,吸附平衡时间增加;溶液pH值为2.5时改性土对磷酸根的去除效果最好;温度升高,吸附容量减小,表明该吸附反应为放热反应.改性杭锦2#土对磷酸根的静态吸附等温线可以用Langmuir方程表示,吸附动力学符合拟二级反应方程.     

香蕉皮不溶性膳食纤维对Cd~(2+)的吸附研究

研究香蕉皮不溶性膳食纤维在模拟人体胃、肠环境下对Cd2+的吸附,考察了干燥方式、粒径、添加量和时间对香蕉皮不溶性膳食纤维吸附Cd2+的影响.结果表明,Cd2+在肠环境中的吸附效果要好于胃,冷冻干燥法获得的不溶性膳食纤维吸附效果更好;不溶性膳食纤维粒径越小,对Cd2+的吸附量越大;最佳的不溶性膳食纤维添加量为0.5g;随着吸附时间的延长,Cd2+吸附量越大,在模拟胃、肠环境下达到平衡的时间分别为5h,7h.     

固定床生物反应器处理铀矿冶废水中NO-3模拟试验研究

针对铀矿冶废水中存在过量硝酸根的问题,通过以轻质黏土陶粒为载体的上流式固定床生物反应器对模拟的铀矿山废水进行了NO－₃的去除试验研究。考察了载体种类、挂膜次数、NO－₃质量浓度、pH、n(C)/n(N)和水力停留时间(hydraulic retention time ,HRT)等因素对反硝化效果的影响,结果表明生物反应器对硝酸根去除效果良好。以NO－₃质量浓度为500 mg/L模拟废水进行流动实验,tHRT由6 h下降至2 h的过程中,反应体系稳定后NO－₃去除率均为100%,达到了预期的去除效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that