一道数学竞赛题的推广

记Ｂ是由１，２，…，ｎ的循环排列组成的集合，Ａ＿３（ｎ）＝ｍａｘｍｉｎ（ａ＿（ｉ＋１）＋ａ＿（ｉ＋２）＋ａ＿（ｉ＋３）），其中ｉ＝０，１，２，…．ｎ－１，ａ＿（ｎ＋１）＝ａ＿１，ａ＿（ｎ＋２）＝ａ＿２；ａｉ取１．２，…，ｎ中的任意值，ｉ＝１，２，…，ｎ．本文讨论了Ａ＿３（ｎ）的上界：除ｎ＝３，５．６外，当３｜ｎ－１时，Ａ３（ｎ）≤　；当３｜ｎ时，Ａ３（ｎ）≤　；当３｜ｎ＋１时．Ａ＿３（ｎ）≤．     

关于单形内点的一个猜想的证明与加强

设Ａ为ｎ维欧氏空间Ｅｎ中的单形,且Ａ的ｎ维体积为Ｖ,Ｐ为Ａ的内部任意一点,点Ｐ到Ａ的ｎ＋１个ｎ－１维超平面的距离为ｄ１,ｄ２,…,ｄｎ＋１,则可证明、推广并加强如下不等式∑１≤ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｎ≤ｎ＋１ｄｉ１ｄｉ２…ｄｉｎ≤（ｎ＋１）！ｎｎ（ｎ＋１）ｎ＋１Ｖ,当且仅当点Ｐ为正则单形Ａ的重心时等号成立．     

一类平面系统具Dulac中心的系数条件

一类平面系统具Ｄｕｌａｃ中心的系数条件温九（济南大学）Ｈ．Ｄｕｌａｃ在［１］中指出，对于系统其中，Ｐ＿ｎ＝ａ＿（ｎ０）ｘ￣ｎ＋ａ＿（ｎ－１，１）ｘ￣（ｎ－１）ｙ＋…＋ａ＿（０ｎ）ｙ￣ｎ，Ｑ＿ｎ＝ｂ＿（ｎ０）ｘ￣ｎ＋ｂ＿（ｎ－１，１）ｘ￣（ｎ－１）ｙ＋...     

计算状态数的两个新公式：与周期表有关的公式

我们得到这两个计算状态的公式：ＳｎＥ＝ｍ（ｍ＋１）（ｍ＋２）／６－１＋（１－１）＾ｎＥ／４ｍ＾２－２，（２）ｄ＝ａｎＥ－ａｎＥ－１＝「１＋（－１）＾ｎＥ」（ｎＥ＋１），当ｎＥ＝２ｎ－１，ｄ＝０，当ｎＥ＝２ｎ时，ｄ＝２（ｎＥ＋１）。     

几类图的伴随多项式的整除性特征

用Ｐｎ和Ｃｎ依次表示有ｎ个顶点的路和圈．Ｄｎ表示Ｋ３的一个顶点与Ｐｎ－２的一个１度点重迭后得到的图．Ｔ（ｌ，ｍ，ｎ）表示度序列是（１，１，１，２，２，……，２，３）的树，其中ｌ，ｍ，ｎ分别是从它的唯一３度点到３个１度点的３条路的长．图Ｇ的伴随多项式记为ｈ（Ｇ，ｘ），本文证明了当Ｇ＝Ｐｎ，Ｃｎ，Ｄｎ，Ｔ（１，１，ｎ），Ｔ（１，２，ｎ），Ｔ（１，３，ｎ），Ｔ（１，４，ｎ）时，ｈ（Ｇ，ｘ）能被ｈ（Ｐｍ，ｘ）（ｍ≥２）整除的充要条件．     

n 维单形的两个几何不等式

利用优超理论将平面上关于三角形的彼得洛维奇不等式和达林——莫泽不等式推广到ｎ维欧氏空间中的ｎ维单形上，得到（１）１Ｎ≤∑Ｎｉ＝１ａ２ｉ（∑Ｎｉ＝１ａｉ）２≤１ｎ（２）Ｍ≤∑Ｎｉ＝１ａｉ２－ｄ∏Ｎｉ＝１ａｉＳ≤ｎＳ２式中ａｉ（ｉ＝１，２，…，Ｎ；Ｎ＝ｎ（ｎ＋１）２）为ｎ维单形∑Ａ的棱长，ｄ为任一非负实数，Ｓ＝１ｎ∑Ｎｉ＝１ａｉ，Ｍ＝ｎ２ＮＳ２－ｄＳ（ｎＳＮ）Ｎ。     

几类幂级数的求和公式

本文巧用级数逐项微分定理，给出了几类幂级数∑（∞，ｎ＝１）ｎ（ｎ＋１）…（ｎ＋ｍ－１）ｘ＾ｎ，∑（∞，ｎ＝１）ｘ＾ｎ／ｎ（ｎ＋１）…（ｎ＋ｍ－）ｘ＾ｎ及∑（∞，ｎ＝０）（ａ＋ｎｄ）ｘ＾ｎ的求和公式。     

Weitzenbock不等式的推广

本文将关于平面上三角形的经典的Ｗｅｉｔｚｅｎｂｏｃｋ不等式推广到球面三角形，平面上的ｎ边形和ｎ维欧氏空间中的ｎ－１维棱锥的三种情形。主要结论为（定理１）：假设（Ｓｎ－１）是ｎ维欧氏空间中的（ｎ－１）维棱锥，Ｓｎ－１是（Ｓｎ－１）的面积；ａ１，……，ａｍ，ｍ＝Ｃ２ｎ分别是它的棱长，我们有等式成立当且仅当（Ｓｎ－１）是一个正棱锥。     

关于加强超立方体互连网络的可诊断性的另一种证明方法

ｎ维加强超立方体是具有２＾ｎ个顶点，（ｎ＋１）２＾ｎ－１－正则图，它是通过对ｎ维超立方体增加２＾ｎ－１条边得到的。在「１」中证明了基于ＰＣＭ模型的ｎ维加强超立方体在精确诊断策略征是（ｎ＋１）－可诊断的，在悲观诊断策略下是（２ｎ）／（２ｎ）－可的，但在证明很繁琐。     

多项式微分系统的不变直线的不同斜率的最大个数

本文证明了公式β（ｎ）＝σ（ｎ－１）＋１其中α（ｎ－１）是ｎ－１次多项式微分系统的不为直线的最多条数，βｎ）是ｎ次多项式微分系统的不变直线的不同斜率的最大个数。这里假设所讨论的多项式系统只有限条不变直线。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has