Discovery of fossil monocotyledons from Yixian Formation, western Liaoning

This is the first reports of a few fossil monocotyledons, includingLiaoxia chenii gen. et sp. nov. (belonging to Cyperaceae),Eragrosites changii gen. et sp. nov. (Gramineae) and a monocotyledonous leaf-shoot, obtained from the Late Jurassic Yixian Formation of western Liaoning Province, NE China. These fossils are the oldest known angiosperms in the world. It may be inferred that the earliest angiosperms probably appeared even earlier than the Late Jurassic.     

单子叶植物核DNA含量地理纬度变异式样及其与气候因素关系

从"植物DNA C-值数据库"检索到2 852种单子叶植物的核DNA含量数据,沿经度方向均分为10条样带,每条样带沿纬度又均分成19个样块.从"世界气候数据网站"下载的19个生物气候因子数据,应用Arc GIS 9.3获得每个样块生物气候因子的平均值.根据"全球生物多样性信息网站"记录,计算每个样块的单子叶植物的平均核DNA含量.分析了最冷季度平均温度和最干季度雨量对单子叶植物核DNA含量的影响.应用分位数回归分析了核DNA含量不同的单子叶植物在全球范围的纬度梯度变化特点,以及气候适应性的差异.结果发现:单子叶植物的核DNA含量沿着纬度呈现非线性的规律变化;受气候因素影响,在中等温度和雨量环境下其核DNA含量最高,温度和水分趋向极端的环境下其核DNA含量较低,可以用"单峰"函数拟合;核DNA含量低的类群具有更广泛的全球分布.     

植物细胞染色体有丝分裂技术

植物细胞染色体观察在物种亲缘关系鉴定、染色体变异和杂种分析等工作中有广泛的用途,是遗传学中最基本和常用的方法。该文结合遗传学实验教学,以蚕豆根尖作为实验的材料,介绍植物细胞染色体有丝分裂的制片,结果制备出理想的观察标本,可观察到细胞周期各个时期的主要特征,尤其是染色体的变化。     

超图的最长圈

介绍了超图及其最长圈 ,给出了严格三点边图的最长圈下界及基于超图的相异代表系的存在条件     

Mitotic EBNA-positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood during infectious mononucleosis

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is usually a benign lymphoproliferative disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Although EBV induces a state of continuous proliferation in infected B lymphocytes in vitro, the most prominent lymphoproliferation during IM is of activated, or atypical, T lymphocytes presumably responding to the virus or virus-infected cells. However, EBV genome-carrying cells are known to be circulating during IM, as cultured peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with the disease give rise to continuous lymphoblastoid cell lines, each cell of which contains the EBV genome and expresses the EBV determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). The proposal that EBV-infected cells in IM blood are not endowed with enhanced growth potential but are merely latently infected is supported by demonstrations that cells infected in vivo enter a viral replicative cycle when placed in vitro and that most cell lines derived from cultured lymphocytes of IM patients are infected by virus released in vitro. However the cells could also be capable of proliferation in vivo, since virus production and transformation are not mutually exclusive properties of EBV-transformed cells. Recently, EBNA has been detected in a very small fraction of peripheral blood lymphocytes of IM patients after T cells were first removed and this has been interpreted to indicate that cell transformation occurs in vivo during IM. The isolation of colonies of EBNA-positive cells from IM blood leukocytes cultures in soft agar suggests that at least some infected cells are capable of direct outgrowth into transformed cells. We report here direct evidence that circulating EBV-infected cells exhibit increased growth properties during IM.     

蝇类卵巢染色体制备的新方法

以羽化后未交尾的雌性麻蝇为活体材料,通过“Feulgan预染——显微解剖悬液铺片——Giemsa复染法”获得形态良好、分散适中、着色清晰的卵泡细胞有丝分裂中期染色体标本。本法材料性别来源明确,对蝇类性染色体鉴定的准确性有重要意义。     

Overcompensation and population cycles in an ungulate.

Although theoretical studies show that overcompensatory density-dependent mechanisms can potentially generate regular or chaotic fluctuations in animal numbers, the majority of realistic single-species models of invertebrate populations are not overcompensatory enough to cause sustained population cycles. The possibility that overcompensation may generate cycles or chaos in vertebrate populations has seldom been considered. Here we show that highly overcompensatng density-dependent mortality can generate recurrent population crashes consistent with those observed in a naturally limited population of Soay sheep. The observed interval of three or more years between crashes points to sharp 'focusing' of mortality over a narrow range of population density.     

6-溴异香兰素诱发人宫颈癌上皮细胞纺锤体损伤及有丝分裂灾变死亡

 研究香兰素衍生物中的6-溴异香兰素（6-溴-5-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛,BVAN08）对人宫颈癌上皮（HeLa）细胞纺锤体结构、有丝分裂的影响,及杀死癌细胞的相关机制,为开发新的抗癌药物提供理论依据。研究发现BVAN08对体外培养的人HeLa细胞具有剂量依赖性致死效应。通过抗?琢-微管蛋白抗体和抗?茁-微管蛋白抗体免疫荧光标记和激光共聚焦显微镜观察发现其机制是：BVAN08对细胞纺锤体结构造成破坏,诱发产生大量的多中心体细胞,使细胞阻滞在有丝分裂期。异常多极纺锤体细胞的百分率与BVAN08呈浓度依赖效应关系。荧光染料Hoechst33258染色观察到多微核或细胞核割裂和染色质凝集现象,也证实BVAN08诱发Hela细胞有丝分裂灾变死亡。同时免疫印迹实验还发现,BVAN08可导致细胞周期转录调节因子FoxM1（Forkhead box）及其下游靶分子CyclinB1的降解,参与有丝分裂的FoxM1蛋白失活,这表明BVAN08通过抑制FoxM1蛋白的表达是导致细胞纺锤体装配异常、细胞发生有丝分裂灾变死亡的分子机制之一。研究结果提示BVAN08诱发Hela细胞新的死亡方式,具有被开发为新型抗癌药物的潜力。     

拟阵基图的Hamilton圈性质

设G是拟阵的基图,对于拟阵基图的哈密顿性质,证明了在简单拟阵的基图中,如果|V(G)|≥5并且拟阵的子拟阵基图不同构于W5,那么对于任意的两条边e与e’,存在包含e且不包含e’的Hamilton圈。     

氯霉素对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

氯霉素在动物性食品中的残留对人类健康造成威胁。用不同浓度氯霉素处理蚕豆根尖，结果表明，氯霉素会造成蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数下降，微核率上升和染色体畸变，畸变类型主要有染色体落后、染色体断片、染色体桥和染色体多极分裂等。染色体异常行为与氯霉素处理浓度呈正相关，说明氯霉素是一种环境诱变剂。