芬顿-臭氧组合处理柠檬酸镍废水的实验研究

以初始镍质量浓度为50 mg/L的柠檬酸镍废水为研究对象,第一段采用芬顿法进行破络,第二段采用“O₃/Fe²⁺”臭氧组合工艺进一步处理。探讨了芬顿段H₂O₂投加量和臭氧组合工艺中pH、臭氧投加量、Fe²⁺投加量、干扰离子对于镍离子去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,芬顿段最佳条件:H₂O₂投加量为0.15 mL/L,初始pH为5.0,Fe²⁺投加量为111.11 mg/L,反应时间为12 min;臭氧组合工艺段最佳条件:维持O₃质量浓度为30 mg/L,反应时间为18 min,在两段工艺的最佳条件下,柠檬酸镍废水中约99.8%的柠檬酸镍得以去除,出水镍浓度达到国家排放标准。     

金属离子对钢在没食子酸/硫酸介质中的腐蚀行为研究

 用失重法研究了4种金属离子(Na⁺,Zn²⁺,Cu²⁺,Fe³⁺)在0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄以及500 mg/L没食子酸+0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄介质中在20℃对冷轧钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:Cu²⁺对钢的腐蚀起抑制作用;而其余3种金属离子(Na⁺,Zn²⁺,Fe³⁺)对钢的腐蚀起加速作用.在相同条件下,冷轧钢在0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄溶液中的腐蚀速率顺序为:Cu²⁺2++3+;而在500 mg/L没食子酸+0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄介质中,腐蚀速率顺序为:Cu²⁺2+3++.     

Kinetic studies of the decomposition reaction of adducts of dinuclear Fe(Ⅱ)/O2

Kinetic studies of the decomposition reaction of dinuclear Fe(Ⅱ) adducts [Fe₂(N-Et-HPTB){O₂P(OPh)₂}](Cl- O₄)₂ (1) and [Fe₂(N-Et-HPTB) {O₂P(Ph)₂}] (ClO₄)₂ (2) with O₂ have been carried out at low temperature using UV-vis spectra. The decomposition reaction of Fe(Ⅱ)/O₂ adducts was first-order in the experimental conditions, and the activation parameters were obtained. ?H^¹ = 85.62 kJ·mol^-1, ?S¹ = 19.43 J·mol^-1·K^-1 for compound (1) and ?H^¹ = 97.97 kJ·mol^-1, ?S^¹ = 55.68 J·mol^-1·K^-1 for compound (2). These results are similar to those of dioxygen adducts of other metals complexes and natural enzymes such as methane mono- oxygenase (MMOH).     

紫外联用高级氧化技术降解氯霉素试验研究

为了实现紫外高级氧化技术在实际水处理中去除抗生素的应用,以氯霉素（CAP）为研究对象,对比了静态试验中紫外技术,连续流下单独紫外技术、紫外高级氧化技术（UV/H₂O₂、UV/PS）对氯霉素的去除效能。进一步分析了连续流下紫外光强、紫外光波长、停留时间、氧化剂投加量、氯霉素初始浓度和原水水质等因素对去除效果的影响。研究发现静态流单独紫外对于氯霉素120 min照射后,降解率大于80%,降解速率符合一阶动力学。实际连续流应用情况受停留时间限制,单独紫外氧化技术对氯霉素去除率较低。相同停留时间下,基于紫外UV/H₂O₂和UV/PS高级氧化技术对氯霉素的去除率大幅提高,分别达到58%和43%,紫外光激活氧化剂产生强氧化自由基（OH^·,SO₄^2-·）,起到主要作用。同时增大紫外光强、氧化剂投加量及降低氯霉素的初始浓度会增加氯霉素的降解效能。研究发现原水中存在的无机和有机污染物会降低紫外高级氧化技术对氯霉素的去除效率,但能同步去除原水中常规污染物,为基于紫外高级氧化技术的实际水处理推广应用提供了可能。     

CoFe2O4-Al2O3复合材料的制备及其在含日落黄废水处理中的应用

制备了铁酸钴-氧化铝（CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃）复合材料,并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积和孔径分析仪对多孔CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料的物相和形貌进行了分析. 利用制备的CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料活化过硫酸氢钾（PMS）来降解废水溶液中的日落黄（SY）,通过研究CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃材料制备过程中Co²⁺,Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的物质的量之比、煅烧温度和时长对材料催化性能的影响,发现Co²⁺,Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的最佳物质的量之比为1:2:12,最佳煅烧温度为400 ℃和最佳煅烧时长为3 h. 对采用在最优条件下制得的CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料作为催化剂,PMS氧化降解含日落黄废水进行研究,考察了pH值、温度、不同体系、PMS用量、CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃材料用量和一些阴离子对日落黄降解的影响. 结果表明：在pH=7,温度为55 ℃条件下,用0.1 g催化剂和0.125 g PMS能使100 mL质量浓度为0.6 g·L^-1的日落黄溶液在30 min内降解率达到99.5%. 同时,碳酸氢根负离子（HCO₃^-）和硝酸根负离子（NO₃^-）的加入抑制了日落黄的降解,而Cl^-则能促进日落黄的降解. 此外,在进行4次循环使用后,CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃仍表现出很好的催化性能,日落黄去除效果仍能达到90%以上.     

一种检测电芬顿体系下DNA损伤的电化学生物传感器的研制

为了检测电芬顿体系下DNA的损伤,先采用石墨烯制备了一种致密的rGO/Fe₃O₄复合材料;再将复合材料和DNA修饰到玻碳电极上,利用电化学还原作用释放游离态Fe²⁺,并加入H₂O₂形成电芬顿体系;最后构建了一种检测电芬顿体系下DNA损伤的新型电化学生物传感器。检测结果表明,检测DNA损伤的最佳时间为30 min,最佳pH值为7.0。     

Fe2+/Na2S2O8法去除水中四环素的研究

本文研究了二价铁活化过硫酸钠法去除水中四环素(TC)的影响因素与机理,为四环素类废水的治理提供了新方法。研究结果表明,水中TC降解率随Na₂S₂O₈浓度的增大而增大;随TC浓度的增加而减小;随Fe₂₊浓度升高,TC降解率先增大再减小,说明过高浓度的Fe₂₊对反应产生抑制作用。在初始条件TC浓度为10 μM,Na₂S₂O₈浓度50 μM,Fe₂₊浓度50 μM,pH为3.4时,TC降解率可以达到92%。利用分子探针法证明了体系中产生的自由基为SO_4-?和?OH,其中SO_4-?为主要作用自由基。     

杂质离子对电化学矿化法固定铀的影响行为研究

本研究以金属铁为原料,采用电化学方法使金属铁逐步转化为磁性四氧化三铁,并实现同步固定铀,重点考查了杂质离子的种类、数量以及质量浓度(ρ)对废水中铀去除的影响。结果表明,离子种类和离子质量浓度的增加有助于提高电化学反应性能,加快铀的去除效率。但废水中过量的Fe³⁺和Ca²⁺在一定程度上会抑制磁铁矿的结晶,PO3－₄会与溶液中的铁离子络合形成无磁性的絮状物(Fe₃(PO₄)₂),在优化条件下反应120 min后,铀去除率最高可高达95%。     

基于新型金属有机框架模拟酶的电化学检测食品胆固醇体系的构建

基于金属有机框架具有模拟酶的特性,构建实时检测胆固醇电化学传感器。采用自组装的方法制备出新型的复合金属有机框架模拟酶(Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF)纳米粒子,其兼具了Fe₃O₄磁性粒子的可回收特点以及金纳米粒子的加速电子转移等优点。并利用红外光谱、透射电子显微镜以及X射线光电子能谱对制备成功的Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF的结构和形貌进行表征。借助Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF的类过氧化物酶双重催化性能使胆固醇氧化为胆甾烯三酮和H₂O₂,而H₂O₂在其进一步的催化下产生的具有氧化活性的羟基自由基可促进3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺发生氧化还原反应,进而增加了体系中电荷的移动。根据电信号的响应情况, 从而实现对胆固醇的快速定性和高效定量的检测。研究结果表明,采用循环伏安法测得优化检测体系为:反应温度为 50℃,Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF 添加量为0.0125g,扫描速率为0.10V/s,缓冲溶液pH=4;当胆固醇浓度处于0.001~1.500mmol/L时呈现良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=20.6401x+4.7722,R²=0.9956,最低检测限为2.7μmol/L;且检测体系具有良好的回收率和抗干扰性,在食品分析和生化分析等方面具有良好的应用前景。     

纳米零价铁富集水体中的铀

应用纳米零价铁(nZVI)富集水体中的铀不但能够回收珍贵的铀资源,同时还可以避免放射性物质对环境的污染.研究结果表明纳米零价铁可快速高效地分离水体中的铀.nZVI对铀的最大富集负荷达到920.16 mg/g,溶液中铀离子的质量浓度可降低至0.03 mg/L以下.弱酸性的水质条件促进nZVI对铀的分离,且分离和还原效率随着nZVI投加量的增加、HCO-₃浓度的降低而升高.高浓度的铀离子可水解形成UO₃·2H₂O沉淀,但Fe⁰和Fe²⁺的还原作用是nZVI分离铀离子的主要反应机理.nZVI富集尾矿水中铀资源的过程中可同步去除多种共存重金属污染物.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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