Martensite transformation, mechanical properties and shape memory effects of Ni-Mn-In-Mg shape memory alloys

The martensite transformation(MT), mechanical properties and shape memory effect(SME) of(Ni_(50)Mn_(35)In_(15))_((1-x))Mg_x(x = 0%, 0.08%, 0.3%, 0.6% at%) alloys were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that due to Mg doping the MT temperature shifted to higher temperatures and a worm-like secondphase precipitated at grain boundaries and inside the grains. With increasing Mg content, the amount of precipitates gradually increased, the thermal hysteresis was almost invariant, and the SME was not obviously affected at 3% pre-strain, even when the volume of the second phase reached up to 28.75%. Compressive stress and strain experiments showed that both the strain and strength of the Ni-Mn-In-Mg alloys were improved substantially(by 46.9% and 53.4%, respectively, at x = 0.6%) compared with those of the pure Ni_(50)Mn_(35)In_(15) alloy; this effect is nearly the same as that achieved by the directional solidification method. Because Mg is nonmagnetic, the magnetization difference of the alloy with Mg doping is much lower than that of the alloy without Mg doping. Overall, the results confirm that adding a small amount of Mg is a potentially viable method for improving the mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-In alloys without adversely damaging their functional properties.     

Low-cost (ZrCu)50-xTax high temperature shape memory alloys showing excellent shape memory effect

ZrCu-based alloys, as one of the most potential high-temperature shape memory alloys, show quite high martensitic transformation temperature, relatively low price for the raw materials, and good casting fluidity. In this work, the martensitic transformation (MT) and shape memory effect of (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x high-temperature shape memory alloys were systematically investigated. Both X ray diffraction and SEM backscattered electron image demonstrated the coexistence of the main phase monoclinic martensite phase and the second phase Ta₂Cu. SEM results also revealed that increasing Ta content resulted in a larger volume fraction of Ta₂Cu phase. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the MT temperatures remarkably increased with Ta addition. The ductility of the (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x alloys was reduced to some degree with increasing Ta content. The shape memory effect was improved significantly, in which (ZrCu)₉₈Ta₂ alloy showed the 6.19% maximum recovery strain during 8% pre-strain under compression at 25 ?°C.     

热处理对CuAlNiMnTi形状记忆合金相变滞后的影响

用电阻法、金相分析、电镜分析及Ｘ射线衍射等研究了热处理对ＣｕＡｌ－ＮｉＭｎＴｉ形状记忆合金相变滞后（Ａｆ—Ｍｓ）的影响．研究结果表明：淬火合金时效处理时，相变点急剧下降，时效初期相变滞后明显增大，后趋于稳定．淬火合金６００℃中温处理时，相变点下降，相变量减小．而热弹性马氏体相变类型则从Ｉ型转变到Ⅱ型，然后再转变到Ｉ型；伴随着热弹性马氏体相变类型的变化，相变滞后开始降低，然后增加．这是因为时效处理时析出ＮｉＡｌ基相，中温处理时析出ａ相所致．     

形变对铜基形状记忆合金相变滞后宽度的影响

对成分一定的铜基形状记忆合金 (Cu-Mn-Al-Zn)制成的试样进行热处理以后 ,在室温下进行不同程度的拉伸变形 ,测定其电阻 -温度曲线并进行显微金相分析。结果显示 ,随着拉伸变形量的增大 ,在试样的组织中出现了由新旧变体形成的交叉组织 ,它的出现破坏了马氏体的自协调效应 ,导致了马氏体的稳定化 ,从而使其相变滞后宽度亦随之增大     

铁磁形状记忆合金NiMnGa相界面运动的能量和热滞后

基于热力学理论,结合实验测量数据,计算了相变温度分别在室温以下、室温附近、室温以上3种情况下铁磁形状记忆合金NiMnGa单晶马氏体相变过程中的相关能量,并进行了分析．结果进一步表明：相变循环曲线分支的斜率取决于弹性应变能,而相变热滞后起源于相界面摩擦．     

Development of NiTiNb in-situ composite with high damping capacity and high yield strength

The shape memory alloys are well known to exhibit high damping capacity in martensite state,but possess low yield strength because of the reorientation or de-twining of the martensite variants.The high damping mechanism of shape memory alloys was introduced.The NiTiNb alloys with high yield strength and high damping capacity were designed and prepared.The microstructure evolution,martensitic transformation behavior,damping capacity and mechanical properties of series NiTiNb alloys were investigated.In vi...     

Ni48.7Mn30.1Ga21.2铁磁性形状记忆合金的显微组织和相变行为

本文主要研究了Ni48.7Mn30.1Ga21.2铁磁性形状记忆合金的相变行为和显微组织。XRD结果表明：室温下合金为5M马氏体和母相共存,金相结果表明合金的显微组织为双相组织,在母相的晶粒中存在少量的马氏体片,合金的室温微观断口形貌表明该合金为典型的沿晶断裂,DSC结果表明该合金在升降温过程中发生了一步马氏体正逆相变。     

Development of NiTiNb in-situ composite with high damping capacity and high yield strength

The shape memory alloys are well known to exhibit high damping capacity in martensite state, but possess low yield strength because of the reorientation or de -twining of the martensite variants. The high damping mechanism of shape memory alloys was introduced. The NiTiNb alloys with high yield strength and high damping capacity were designed and prepared. The microstructure evolution, martensitic transformation behavior, damping capacity and mechanical properties of series NiTiNb alloys were investigated. In view of the microstructure characteristic s of the NiTiNb in-situ composites, the mechanism associated with high damping capacity and high yield strength was discussed. The results show that NiTiNb alloys feature in in-situ composite, compo sed of primary NiTi(Nb) phase and fine lamellar eutectics of NiTi(Nb) and β-Nb.     

中温处理对CuAlNiMnTi记忆合金热循环及力学行为的影响

用阻法、金相分析、电镜分析、Ｘ射线衍射及拉伸试验等研究了淬火后中温处理对ＣｕＡｌＮｉＭｎＴｉ形状记忆合金热循环特性及力学行为的影响。研究结果表明：合金淬火后经６００℃中温处理可产生适量α相，α相优先在晶界析出，保温时间延长，则晶内也析出α相，控制中温处理时间可以调整α相含量，从而调整相变点；经中温短时处理后，在随后的热循环过程中不再有ＮｉＡｌ基析出相，从而实现热循环过程中相变点基本稳定；中温处理时     

Microstructure evolution and strain recovery characteristic of proton-irradiated Ti-rich NiTi thin films

The effect of 120 ?keV proton irradiation with different fluences on the phase constitution, microstructure, and shape recovery characteristics of Ni-51.4 ?at.%Ti shape memory alloy thin films was systematically investigated. The results showed that the proton irradiation induced the formation of a multiple-layer structure at the surface of NiTi thin film. Meanwhile, the hybrid defects such as vacancies, dislocations, and nano-scale precipitates were observed in the irradiation layer. The transition temperature and shape recovery strain decreased gradually with the increasing irradiation fluence, which can be attributed to the formation of the multilayer structure and the generation of irradiation-induced defects.     

热处理对复合稀土CuZnAl形状记忆合金性能的影响

采用电阻法、X射线衍射、透射电镜等方法研究了热处理工艺对含复合稀土CuZnAl形状记忆合金的影响。试验结果表明，加入复合稀土以及采取合理的热处理工艺(820℃-800℃保温15min室温油淬 150℃时效150min 50℃水保温10min)，可以获得以马氏体为主的形状记忆合金，同时合金的相变热滞最小。X射线衍射及微观分析结果表明，时效温度在150℃时的试样中的马氏体有序度较高，时效温度在200℃时，合金中马氏体板条中均衡的层错亚结构遭到破坏，形成大量的位错，时效温度达到250℃时，合金已发生了贝氏体转变。     

Tuning microstructure,transformation behavior,mechanical/functional properties of Ti-V-Al shape memory alloy by doping quaternary rare earth Y

The microstructure features, martensitic transformation behavior and mechanical/functional properties of Ti–V–Al alloy were tailored by changing rare element Y content in the present investigation. The results showed that Y doping resulted in the grain refinement and formation of Y-rich phase mainly distributing along grain boundary in Ti–V–Al alloys. The martensitic transformation temperatures of Ti–V–Al alloys slightly increased due to the variation of matrix composition induced by the presenc...     

稀土元素Ce对Ti-Ni形状记忆合金力学性能的影响

采用拉伸试验研究了稀土元素Ce对Ti—Ni合金力学性能的影响,通过扫描电镜对Ti—Ni—Ce合金的断口形貌进行观察。实验结果表明,添加稀土元素Ce使Ti—Ni合金的应力-应变行为有显著影响。在马氏体状态拉伸时,当x（Ce）低于0．5％时,合金的应力-应变曲线出现明显的屈服平台;而当％（Ce）超过1％时,合金的应力-应变曲线上无明显的屈服平台,以连续屈服和强烈的加工硬化为特征。随Ce加入量增加,合金的延伸率降低、脆性增大,断裂类型由微孔聚集型的韧性断裂逐渐转变为沿晶脆性断裂。因此,Ce的加入量不能超过1％,否则将损害Ti—Ni合金的使用性能。     

铜基形状记忆合金异常相变内耗的研究

文章研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti多晶形状记忆合金的异常相变内耗。实验结果和理论分析表明,合金的高温相变内耗峰在测量频率较低、马氏体片较多及升温速度较大的情况下,分解为一个"正峰"和一个"倒峰",这种现象是由于2种正、负耗散弹性模量的马氏体变体间相互作用引起的;具有负弹性模量的形状记忆合金能够稳定存在的条件,是需要从环境吸收热量引起熵的增加。     

TiNi合金相变、形状记忆及超弹性行为研究

系统总结了陕西工学院ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金研究组近年来的研究成果,包括Ｎｉ含量和时效对ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金组织和相变行为的影响;热处理工艺对ＴｉＮｉ合金形状记忆效应的影响;形状记忆合金弹簧的设计、制作方法;ＴｉＮｉ弹簧的形状记忆及超弹性行为;ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金的应用等。     

Exploitation of shape memory alloy actuator using resistance feedback control and its development

The relationship between phase transformation and electric re sistivity of Ti-42.6Ni-7Cu SMA was investigated. In the isothermal tensile tests, stress—strain curve shows large hysteresis and nonlinearity, whereas the resistivity—strain curve can be fitted by linearity. The resistivity of SMAs can be determined from the volume fractions of the martensitic and austenitic phas es. This characteristics leads to that the resistance of the SMAs is used as a parameter of strain of SMAs. A SMA actuator using resistance feedback control system was proposed, which can control and retain positioning at any positions without using sensor devices, and the deviation of position of this system was less than 3 μm.     

Mechanical, deformation and fracture behaviors of bulk metallic glass composites reinforced by spherical B2 particles

Ti_(45)Cu_(40)Ni_7Zr_5Sn_(2.5)Si_(0.5) alloys were prepared under various cooling rate conditions during solidification.The alloys exhibited different volume fractions of B2 particles with 0～40 vol%in an amorphous matrix.Monolithic bulk metallic glass of 1 mm diameter showed no macroscopic plasticity and exhibited the typical vein patterns in a maximum shear stress plane on the fracture surface.However,a bulk metallic glass composite containing the B2 particles revealed obvious plasticity(～5.6%)with a remarkable work-hardening behavior that resulted from a stress-induced martensitic transformation of the B2 particles.Moreover,the composite displayed the complicated fracture morphologies containing of three types of fracture features.Through detailed investigations on the microstructural evolution,mechanical,deformation and fracture characteristics,the influence of B2 particle on overall behavior of the TiCu-based bulk metallic glass composites was elucidated.     

Mechanisms of two-stage martensitic transformation in Ti-Ni-Hf alloy powder

The Ti-Ni-Hf shape memory alloy powders were prepared by plasma rotating electrode process.And the powders were featured with the perfect sphericity and smooth surface.Moreover,the grain size was refined in the Ti-Ni-Hf alloy powders due to the rapid cooling rate during plasma rotating electrode process.It was found that the Ti-NiHf alloy powders had the typical self-accommodation configuration including spear-like,mosaic-like and lath-like martensite.Various twins,such as (001) compound twin,(0...     

CuZnAl形状记忆合金超弹性的研究

研究了不同热处理工艺、晶粒束缚以及工作温度、应力循环、热循环和应力热循 环对 ＣｕＺｎＡｌ合金超弹性的影响。试验结果表明：合金常规淬火获得最佳超弹性的 淬火加热温度为８９０℃，对于所研究的线材试样而言，保温时间与线材直径有关；合 金采用双相区淬火，可获得较好的超弹性，其最佳淬火加热温度为７００℃，保温时间 为１０ｍｉｎ；晶粒束缚影响合金的超弹性，ｇｓ／Ｄ越大，晶粒束缚越小，超弹性越好； 合金的超弹性与工作温度有关，超弹性最佳值是在Ａｆ点以上一段温度范围内．其下限 温度为Ａｆ点以上１７～２２℃。合金在应力循环后出现了循环软化现象而不是循环硬 化现象，应力循环后，相变的熵及焓变降低；热循环和应力热循环均使合金的相变点 提高。     

Influence of nickel and copper on liquid structure of CuAlNi shape memory alloys

Liquid structure of molten pure Cu, Cu-12Al, Cu-12Al-4Ni (mass fraction, %) alloys has been investigated using the X-ray diffraction method. It is found that the main peak of the structure factor of pure Cu is symmetrical. In the front of main peak, the curve takes on a shape of parabola, whereas a distinct pre-peak has been found around a scattering vector magnitude of 18.5 nm^?1 in the structure factor of the liquid Cu-12Al alloy. This pre-peak increases its intensity with the addition of Ni in the liquid Cu-12Al-4Ni alloy. The appearance of a pre-peak is a mark of the mediate-range order. Based on Daken-Gurry theory and according to mutual interaction between unlike atoms, the analysis of correlation between different composition and liquid structure was done: the strong interaction exists between Cu and Ni, so Cu-Al can form strong chemical bond which causes compound-forming behavior. Therefore, the medium-range size clusters can form in melt. The presence of the pre-peak corresponds to these clusters. The addition of Ni can strengthen the interaction between unlike atoms and increase the sizes of clusters, thus result in the height of pre-peak increasing.