Induction of interferon by levamisole and concanavalin A in HA/ICR and NZB/W mouse spleen cells

Summary Levamisole alone and in combination with concanavalin A (Con A) induced interferon in splenic cultures of NZB/W and HA/ICR mice. Levamisole did not potentiate interferon induction by Con A. HA/ICR mice consistently produced greater amounts of interferon than NZB/W.     

Biochemical polymorphism and the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the sheep red blood cells

Summary There was no significant difference in the level of 2,3-DPG in the red blood cells of sheep of different haemoglobin types (Hb A and Hb B) or potassium types (HK and LK). However, low glutathione (GSH^L) sheep had significantly higher (p<0.01) level of 2,3-DPG in their red blood cells than high glutathione (GSH^H) sheep. There was also significant effect of interactions between glutathione, haemoglobin and potassium types (p<0.05) and glutathione and haemoglobin types (p<0.01) on red cell 2,3-DPG levels.     

Accelerated and prolongated multiplication of antibody-forming spleen cells byBordetella pertussis in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells

Zusammenfassung Der Wirkungsmechanismus immunologischer Adjuvantien ist nicht bekannt. Mittels Anwendung der Jerneschen Technik wurde daher die Frage untersucht, ob Pertussisorganismen ihre adjuvante Wirksamkeit über eine Vermehrung immunologisch kompetenter Zellen entfalten. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die simultane Injektion vonB. pertussis und Schaferythrocyten im Vorgleich zur alleinigen Injektion von Schaferythrocyten bei NMRI-Mäusen zu einer beschleunigten, gesteigerten und verlängerten Bildung anti-körperbildender Milzzellen führt.

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This work was supported by research grant No. Fi 115/1 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

The influence of bacterial endotoxin on the formation of antibody-forming spleen cells in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells

Zusammenfassung Es wird berichtet, dass die simultane i.v. Injektion vonSerratia marcescens-Endotoxin mit i.p. verabfolgten Schafbluterythrocyten bei weissen Mäusen zu einer beschleunigten Bildung hämolysinbildender Milzzellen und zu einem verzögertem Abfall dieser kompetenten Zellen zwischen dem 7. und 30. Tage nach der Immunisierung führt. Eine echte Vermehrung plaquebildender Milzzellen wurde jedoch nicht gefunden. Weiterhin liess sich zeigen, dass die alleinige i.v. Injektion von bakteriellem Lipopolysaccharid eine mässige Proliferation von in geringer Zahl vorhandenen antikörperbildenden Milzzellen bewirkt.

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This work was supported by research grant No. Fi 115/1 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the red blood cells of GSH-normal and GSH-deficient sheep

Levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were measured in the red blood cells of glutathione(GSH)-normal and GSH-deficient sheep. There were no significant differences in any of the 3 enzyme activities measured in the 2 groups of sheep. Also, there was no relationship between GSH level and the enzyme activity. These results suggest that inspite of large differences in GSH levels, the red blood cells from GSH-normal and GSH-deficient Merino sheep appear to have similar response to oxidative stress against which GSH is credited to play a major role.     

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances concanavalin A reactivity of thymocytes from the low-LPS-responder mouse strain C3H/Hej

Summary The capacity of LPS to enhance Con A reactivity of thymocytes was studied comparatively in the low-LPS-responder C3H/Hej mice and the high-LPS-responder CBA mice. The extent of synergism LPS+Con A was found similar in both strains.This work was supported by a grant from the INSERM (CRL: 76-5-101-1).     

Inhibition of the primary immune response against sheep red blood cells by short-term reticulo-endothelial system blockage experiments in mice

Zusammenfassung Mäuse wurden gegen Schaferythrozyten immunisiert und die Immunreaktion im Plaque-Test von Jerne gemessen. Erhalten die Tiere unmittelbar vor der Antigeninjektion Thorotrast, so kommt es zur statistisch hochsignifikanten Hemmung der Antikörper bildenden Zellen.     

Influences of the submaxillary gland of male mice on the immune response to sheep red blood cells

Summary Removal of the submaxillary gland (SMG) from male but not female mice caused a suppressed immune response to sheep red blood cells. Administration of a SMG saline extract from male mice to SMG-ectomized males restored the suppressed response to control levels. This suggests that the male mouse SMG contains a factor(s), possibly of an endocrine nature, capable of influencing cells involved in an immune response.     

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances concanavalin A reactivity of thymocytes from the low-LPS-responder mouse strain C3H/Hej.

The capacity of LPS to enhance Con A reactivity of thymocytes was studied comparatively in the low-LPS-responder C3H/Hej mice and the high-LPS-responder CBA mice. The extent of synergism LPS + Con A was found similar in both strains.     

Loss of antibody production accompanied by chromosome loss in a cloned hybrid line secreting antibodies to sheep red blood cells

Summary Somatic cell hybrids between Sp2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells and lymphocytes derived from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were produced. One hybrid producing IgG₁ antibody to SRBC was selected, cloned twice and subsequently transferred to BALB/c mice. After a number of transfers it was found that the antibody titer in ascitec fluid gradually decreased. Cytogenetic analysis revealed gradual chromosome loss in the hybrid clone, which produced progressively less antibody.     

Loss of antibody production accompanied by chromosome loss in a cloned hybrid line secreting antibodies to sheep red blood cells

Somatic cell hybrids between Sp2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells and lymphocytes derived from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were produced. One hybrid producing IgG1 antibody to SRBC was selected, cloned twice and subsequently transferred to BALB/c mice. After a number of transfers it was found that the antibody titer in ascites fluid gradually decreased. Cytogenetic analysis revealed gradual chromosome loss in the hybrid clone, which produced progressively less antibody.     

Induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells from nude mouse spleen cells by interleukin-4

The induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells from natural killer (NK) lineage cells by interleukin-4 (IL-4) was studied in vitro. Activation of nude mouse spleen cells by IL-4 generated cytotoxic cells, capable of killing NK-sensitive as well as NK-resistant tumor cells. The induction of peak lytic activity was demonstrated after 3 days of culture with IL-4. Surface marker analysis indicated that the majority of precursor cells were aGM1⁺, Thy1^–, and the majority of effector cells were aGM1⁺, Thy1⁺, suggesting that IL-4 induced LAK cells from nude mouse spleen cells were similar to those from normal mouse spleen cells. The induction of nude mouse LAK cells by IL-4 was partially inhibited by anti-IL-4 or anti-interferon (IFN)-, antibody, and it was further inhibited by the combination of two antibodies, suggesting that IFN-, production was associated with LAK induction of NK lineage cells by IL-4.     

The influence ofBordetella pertussis on the kinetics of antibody production to sheep red blood cells in NMRI mice

Zusammenfassung Die simultane i.p. Injektion von 4 × 10⁸ Schaferythrozyten und 2 × 10⁹ Zellen vonB. pertussis führt im Vergleich zur alleinigen Injektion des Erythrozytenantigens bei NMRI-Mäusen zu einer gesteigerten und verlängerten Proliferation M- und G/A-Antikörper produzierender Milzzellen.

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This work was supported by research grant No. Fi 115/1 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Rosette formation of tumor cells with concanavalin A treated erythrocytes

Summary Trypsinized human erythrocytes were incubated with concanavalin A at 4°C. After removal of free concanavalin A, the erythrocytes were incubated with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells at 37°C. The erythrocytes formed rosettes with the tumor cells.     

A quantitative difference in the immune response to sheep red cells between rat strains

Résumé Des rats appartenant à plusieurs souches ont été immunisés par injection i.p. de 2×10⁸ globules rouges de mouton. La mesure du titre des haemolysines réalisée 6 jours plus tard montre des différences quantitatives selon les souches. Une réponse importante n'a pu être décelée que pour 3 d'entre elles (August, OFA et Wistar R).