The effect of polyphloretin phosphate,polyoestradiol phosphate,a diphosphonate and a polyphosphate on calcification induced by dihydrotachysterol in skin,aorta and kidney of rats

Zusammenfassung Zwei Phosphatasehemmer (Polyphloretinphosphat und Polyoestradiolphosphat), ein Polyphosphat (Hexametaphosphat) und ein Diphosphonat (Ethan-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonat) wurden auf ihre Fähigkeit untersucht, Verkalkungen zu verhindern, welche in der Haut, der Aorta und den Nieren von Ratten durch Dihydrotachysterol (DHT) hervorgerufen wurden. Das Diphosphonat erwies sich als der stärkste Hemmer; dann folgten das Polyphosphat und die zwei Phosphatasehemmer. Die Phosphatasehemmer wurden zusätzlich auf ihre Fähigkeit geprüft, die Calciumphosphat-Ausfällung in vitro zu verlangsamen. Polyphloretinphosphat besitzt diese Fähigkeit bei Konzentrationen von 10^–5 M und mehr; Polyoestradiolphosphat ist unwirksam.

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Acknowledgments. This work has been supported by the Swiss National Fund, Grant No. 4564, the U.S. Public Health Service, Grant No. 07266, AB Leo, Hälsingborg, Sweden, and Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, USA.     

Structural studies of a phosphatidyl serine-amorphous calcium phosphate complex

A phosphatidyl serine-amorphous calcium phosphate complex has been synthesized as a model of the matrix vesicle system that is associated with the induction of mineral deposition in bone, cartilage and dentine. The complex has been studied using a novel technique of subtractive extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). This enables spectra of the components of the molecules to be subtracted from the complex so as to identify the sites of interaction. The results suggest there is a movement in the nitrogen atom of the phosphatidyl serine which approaches the calcium atom in the mineral phase. This interpretation would link the membrane structure of the vesicle to the structure of the mineral in a way that could explain some of its roles in biomineralization. Received 14 November 1997; accepted 23 December 1997     

Effects of pyridoxal phosphate andl-dopapyridoxal phosphate on DOPA decarboxylase activity

Sommaire Les résultats obtenus démontrent une inhibition de l'activité de la DOPA decarboxylase par de haute concentration de PLP ou de faible concentration del-DOPA plus PLP. Ceci pourrait expliquer les observations cliniques et expérimentales précédentes démontrant que la pyridoxine antagonise l'effet del-DOPA utilisé dans le traitement de la maladie de Parkinson.     

Phloridzin and red cell phosphate turnover

Résumé L'addition de phlorizine ou de phlorétine à une suspension d'hématies humaines ralentit l'allure d'incorporation du radio-phosphate dans les cellules. Celles-ci contiennent les mêmes quantités d'esters phosphoriques après l'action de la phlorizine. Les deux drogues ne modifient pas non plus les concentrations en Na et en K des cellules.     

The synthesis of a natural dinucleoside phosphate derivative with the aid of a purine cyclonucleoside

Zusammenfassung Die Behandlung von 8-5-Anhydro-8-mercapto-2-o-mesylguanosin mit (1,2 Äquivalent) Tributylammonium-uridylat in siedendem DMF lieferte das Dinucleosidphosphat Uridyl-(3-5)-8-mercapto-2-o-mesylguanosin. Weitere Behandlung mit Raney Ni führte zum Uridyl-(3-5)-2-o-mesylguanosin.     

Changes in rate of methemoglobin reduction and oxygen affinity of erythrocytes incubated with inosine,pyruvate and phosphate

Summary Incubation of human erythrocytes with inosine, pyruvate and phosphate increases several fold the ferrihemoglobin reductase activity, the values of which, however, depend on the age of blood (by 6 to 2 times with respect to the normal value of fresh blood).     

The action of a phenothiazine derivative on enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway

Résumé La thiopérazine, qui est un derivé de la famille de la phénothiazine, a le pouvour d'inhibition sur l'activité du glucose-6-phosphate déhydrogénase et du 6-phosphogluconate déhydrogénase dans les globules rouges. Ce pouvoir est modifié si on ajoute du TPN dans le système enzymatique. Le degré de cette modification correspond à la dose de TPN employée.

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Supported by the Nebraska Fund for Psychiatric Research.     

The effect of glucose,glucose monophosphates and inorganic phosphate on the tryptic digestion of phosphorylase b

Zusammenfassung Glukose und Glc-6-P hemmen die Trypsinhydrolyse von Phosphorylase b konzentrationsabhängig, was darauf hinweist, dass die allosterischen Inhibitoren von Phosphorylase b die native Konfiguration -, des Enzyms verändern.     

2-Methoxybenzoyl phosphate: a new substrate for continuous fluorimetric and spectrophotometric acyl phosphatase assays

A new aromatic acyl phosphate, 2-methoxybenzoyl phosphate, has been synthesized. The compound shows an intrinsic fluorescence; it displays an intense emission band at 390 nm upon excitation in the near UV region. This band practically disappears after hydrolysis of the product. On the other hand, the product displays differences in the near UV absorption spectra measured before and after hydrolysis. The at 301 nm is 2720 M^–1 cm^–1, a value that is 4.3-fold higher than that of benzoyl phosphate (the usual substrate for acylphosphatase assay) at 283 nm. The main kinetic parameters of three different acylphosphatase molecular forms (the muscular isoenzyme and two subtypes of the organ common isoenzyme) were determined using both benzoyl phosphate and 2-methoxybenzoyl phosphate as substrates, and then compared. These kinetic data and the UV absorption and fluorescence properties of 2-methoxybenzoyl phosphate sugest that this compound has better substrate features than benzoyl phosphate, and can be used for both high sensitivity continuous fluorimetric and UV absorption spectrophotometric assays of acylphosphatase.     

The relationship of phosphate and lipids to xanthine dehydrogenase

Résumé La xanthine déshydrogénase, enzyme du foie de rat, a été obtenue par 2 procédés différents: (a) avec et (b) sans traitement par le Butanol. La teneur totale en phosphore des 2 préparations a été etonnament élevée. Soixante %, à peu près, du phosphore total s'est montré soluble dans des solvents de lipides. Certaines hypothèses sur la participation des phosphates et des lipides sur l'activité de l'enzyme sont discutées.

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This paper is derived from a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Biochemistry at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brazil).     

Utilization of phosphate compounds for growth ofTetrahymena

Summary Taking advantage of a synthetic nutrient medium, we have studied which compounds phosphate-starvedTetrahymena thermophila can use as phosphate sources for growth and cell multiplication. Ortho-, trimeta- and -glycero-phosphate are good sources for both the wild type and a food-vacuoleless mutant; phosphorylcholine is used only by the wild type, and 2-aminoethyl phosphonic acid fails to serve as a phosphate source. Since at least two phosphatases are found in the extracellular fluid these results indicate thatTetrahymena can make use of extracellular digestion of nutrients.