D-异苯环戊胺对小鼠急性毒性和一般行为活动及自主活动的影响实验

目的:观察D-异苯环戊胺单次灌胃给药对小鼠的急性毒性和一般性无活动、自主活动的影响.方法:通过对实验动物灌胃单次给予0.5 g·kg~(-1)、0.8 g·kg~(-1)、1.4 g·kg~(-1)和2.4 g·kg~(-1)剂量的D-苯异环戊胺后,观察给药后产生的急性毒性反应情况;分别给小鼠单次灌胃20 mg·kg~(-1)、90 mg·kg~(-1)和400 mg·kg~(-1)的D-异苯环戊胺后,观察对小鼠一般行为活动和自主活动的影响.结果:急性毒性实验结果显示,D-异苯环戊胺小鼠灌胃单次给药在剂量0.5 g.kg~(-1)、0.8 g·kg~(-1)、1.4 g·kg~(-1)和2.4 g·kg~(-1)时呈剂量—效应关系,其最大无毒性反应剂量接近0.5 g·kg~(-1),最大耐受量为1.4 g·kg~(-1),最低致死剂量为2.4 g·kg~(-1);各剂量D-异苯环戊胺单次灌胃给药均未见对小鼠一般行为活动和自主活动有明显影响.结论:D-异苯环戊胺单次灌胃给药对小鼠最大耐受量为1.4 g·kg~(-1),最低致死剂量为2.4 g·kg~(-1),无严重急性毒性反应,该化合物无严重急性中毒的风险;单次灌胃给药20 mg·kg~(-1)、90 mg·kg~(-1)和400 mg·kg~(-1)的D-异苯环戊胺对小鼠一般行为活动和自主活动没有明显影响.     

海南畜禽粪中四环素类和大环内酯类抗生素的含量及其分布特征

利用超声波提取-固相萃取高效液相色谱法测定了海南省不同地区典型养殖场鸡/猪粪便中2种四环素类(TCs)和2种大环内酯类(MLs)抗生素的含量与分布特征.结果表明:四环素类化合物的平均总含量和检出率均高于大环内酯类化合物的平均总含量和检出率.在猪粪中,四环素类化合物的总含量在0~8460.8μg·kg~(-1)之间,平均为385.4μg·kg~(-1),检出率最低为53.2%,以土霉素为主;而大环内酯类化合物的总含量在0~1 052.8μg·kg~(-1)之间,平均为46.9μg·kg~(-1),检出率最低为25.9%,以泰乐菌素为主.在鸡粪中,四环素类化合物的总含量在0~2 839.3μg·kg~(-1)之间,平均为159.3μg·kg~(-1),检出率最低为57.1%,以金霉素为主;而大环内酯类化合物的总含量在0~845.2μg·kg~(-1)之间,平均为28.1μg·kg~(-1),检出率最低为14.3%,以北里霉素为主.在猪粪和鸡粪中两类化合物的分布特征存在差异,猪粪中两类抗生素的总含量均较高的地区为琼海市和临高县,鸡粪中两类抗生素的总含量均较高的地区为儋州市和琼海市.     

外源硒对碎米荠农艺性状及硒含量的影响

为了研究高山野菜碎米荠富硒能力,以野生十字花科蔬菜碎米荠为供试材料,研究外源硒对碎米荠的分枝数、株高、叶片的硒含量的影响.结果表明:采用叶面喷施和根部追施方式施用不同外源硒质量分数处理后,碎米荠株高降低,分枝数增加,叶片硒含量增大,且硒含量与外源硒质量分数具有正相关性;当叶面喷施外源硒19mg·L~(-1)时,碎米荠叶片的硒含量达到最大值0.076 mg·kg~(-1),当根部追施外源硒24 mg·L~(-1)时,碎米荠叶片的硒含量达到0. 069 mg·kg~(-1).因此,采用叶面喷施方式,外源硒转化利用效率较高,效果优于根部施硒.叶面喷施19 mg·L~(-1)为碎米荠的最佳施硒质量分数.     

蒙古扁桃油脂特性及抗氧化稳定性研究

对蒙古扁桃种仁油脂特性及抗氧化稳定进行研究.结果表明,蒙古扁桃油脂抗氧化稳定性很强.现提取蒙古扁桃种仁油脂的过氧化值为165.0μmol·kg~(-1),在4℃冰箱里放置6个月后油脂过氧化值、酸价和碘值分别为840.0μmol·kg~(-1),0.534mg·g~(-1)和111.73g·(100g)-1.用Schaal烘箱法在(60±1)℃高温处理21d后其酸价由0.295mg·g~(-1)增至0.685mg·g~(-1),过氧化值由0.165mmol·kg~(-1)增至15.620mmol·kg~(-1),碘值第8d后检测不出.蒙古扁桃油脂中δ-维生素E的含量最高,为57.1 mg·(100g)-1,其次是α-维生素E,为49.36mg·(100g)-1,γ-和β-维生素E含量分别为22.30mg·(100g)-1和28.65mg·(100g)-1,总量为157.4mg·(100g)-1.从蒙古扁桃油脂中检测出Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg等人体必需元素,其含量依次为ZnMgCuCaFe.     

聊城市城区水岸带土壤Hg,As含量分布特征及污染评价

为了解山东省聊城市城区水岸带土壤中Hg,As含量特征和污染状况,于2015年3月至4月采集了35个水岸带土壤样品,采用王水消解-原子荧光光度计法测定了土壤中Hg,As的含量,并对水岸带土壤Hg,As的污染状况进行了评价.结果表明:聊城市城区水岸带土壤pH值的范围为8.62~9.96,呈碱性;有机质的平均质量分数为32.57 g·kg~(-1);Hg和As的质量分数平均值分别为0.139 mg·kg~(-1)和9.56 mg·kg~(-1),各点位As含量均符合国家土壤环境质量一级标准,Hg的超标率为45.7%.As与土壤有机质呈显著正相关(p0.05).以山东省土壤元素背景值为评价标准,水岸带土壤As总体表现为轻度污染和轻微生态风险,Hg表现为重度污染和较高生态危险.     

LC-MS测定大花罗布麻中植物激素的方法学研究

目的:建立高效液相色谱法-电喷雾串联质谱联用分析大花罗布麻中植物激素的分析方法.方法:采用C_(18)SPE柱提取大花罗布麻叶中植物激素,在色谱柱为Agilent SB-C_(18)(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm),0.5%甲酸水-甲醇为流动相,在MRM模式下,ESI负离子模式,毛细管电压为4 k V,干燥器流量为10 L·min~(-1),干燥器温度为350℃等条件下,建立液相色谱法-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-MS)联用分析大花罗布麻叶中五种植物激素的方法.结果:大花罗布麻叶中五种植物激素ABA、IBA、IAA、GA_3、JA含量分别为9.800×10~3μg·kg~(-1)、3.073×10~4μg·kg~(-1)、1.403×10~4μg·kg~(-1)、4.475×10~4μg·kg~(-1)、2.508×10~4μg·kg~(-1);五种激素在各自对应的线性范围内线性关系良好.结论:方法灵敏、准确,适合用于大花罗布麻叶中植物激素含量的测定.     

不同种植年限蕨麻根际土壤养分变化规律

采用土壤农化分析方法测定不同种植年限、不同生长期蕨麻根际土中的营养元素含量。结果显示:随着种植年限的增加,蕨麻根际土壤全氮、速效氮的变化范围分别为1.67～2.55 g·kg~(-1),155.67～219.67 mg·kg~(-1),均呈现先降低再升高的趋势;土壤全磷、速效磷的变化范围分别为0.83～0.96 g·kg~(-1),20.15～32.23 mg·kg~(-1),且逐年下降;土壤全钾、速效钾的变化范围分别为18.77～19.16 g·kg~(-1),126.33～174.80 mg·kg~(-1),但是全钾的含量先降低再升高,速效钾含量先升高再降低。不同连作年限的蕨麻从花期至地下块根膨大期(即蕨麻采挖收获期),根际土壤中速效氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量均呈下降趋势。结果表明蕨麻生长期中仍有部分时期缺氮、少磷,在地下部分完全膨大即开始采挖蕨麻的时期,土壤缺钾已有所显现。     

金沙江水系鱼体中稀土元素环境背景值研究

采用等离子发射光谱法测定了金沙江水系鱼体肌肉中十个稀土元素的含量。根据统计方法提供了金沙江水系鱼体中稀土元素环境背景值。它们分别是:La 0.064mg·kg~(-1),Ce 0.156mg·kg~(-1),Pr 0.080mg·kg~(-1),Nd 0.025mg·kg~(-1),Eu 0.002mg·kg~(-1),Dy 0.009mg·kg~(-1),Er 0.019mg·kg~(-1),Yb 0.007mg·kg~(-1)和Y 0.015mg·kg~(-1)。结果表明:金沙江水系鱼体肌肉中稀土元素含量与江水中溶解态稀土元素含量有关。同时获得了该水系十个稀土元素的生物富因子。     

凋落物添加对亚热带水土流失区人工林土壤氮矿化的影响

为了掌握红壤水土流失区人工林土壤氮矿化过程,探明特殊生境条件下土壤在不同凋落物输入情况下的氮矿化特征,采用室内恒温控湿培养法,研究了3种水热条件下输入4种不同树种凋落叶的土壤中有机氮的矿化进程.培养42 d的结果表明:从培养初期到最大值,添加枫香、木荷等凋落叶的土壤无机氮质量分数增加了3.34~3.97 mg·kg~(-1),添加芒萁凋落叶的土壤无机氮质量分数增加了4.02 mg·kg~(-1),添加马尾松凋落叶的土壤无机氮质量分数增加了0.77 mg·kg~(-1).添加针叶乔木凋落叶土壤氮矿化速率显著低于阔叶乔木和草本植物等凋落叶处理组,各处理组土壤氮矿化速率与添加物的C/N及全氮质量分数显著相关(P0.01).在湿润环境下,各处理组土壤总无机氮质量分数迅速增加,于21 d达到峰值后,生物固持作用大于矿化作用,造成总无机氮和土壤铵氮质量分数的下降.干旱环境下,各处理组的土壤总无机氮质量分数经历培养初期的下降后开始上升,最终将以有机氮矿化而增加土壤的总无机氮质量分数为发展总趋势.     

生物过滤去除废气中苯的基质降解动力学

纤维床生物过滤法可有效地处理含苯为唯一碳源的废气.在反应器启动时采用纯菌种接种,加苯在液相中进行循环挂膜,经1个月的运行,然后通入苯废气,苯的去除率在25.7％～58.5％之间.进一步将空柱停留时间tE从12min减小到8min,再经25d运行,苯的去除率达到了80％,运行试验表明：当进气质量浓度在0．37～0.95g·m－3、最佳的tE为10min、气体的表面负荷为1．44m3·m－2h-1时,苯的去除率高于90％.进气质量浓度达1.74g·m－3时,tE为12min,气体表面负荷为1.21m3·m-2·h－1时,苯去除率为87．2％、通过建立基质降解动力学模型．对试验结果的分析得到动力学常数K1,在进气苯质量浓度为0．31、0.95g·m－3和1．74g·m－3下K1分别为418.3、322.1和211．5h-1．K1和ρg0的线性关系为K1＝461.7-144.4ρg0。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~