单轴压缩下花岗岩电荷变化的实验研究

利用自主研制的电荷感应仪对花岗岩样品在单轴压缩变形破裂过程中产生的电荷感应信号进行了实验研究.结果表明,在岩石变形破裂达到峰值强度时比在峰值强度前有更强的电荷感应信号产生,电荷感应信号也受岩石应力的变化速率影响,在应力变化速率大时,有较强的电荷感应信号.在有变形破裂时,电荷感应信号就较强,变形破裂较小的面所对应的测点的电荷感应信号就较小,这表明电荷的产生和岩石的破裂有很大的关系.产生的电荷随着时间衰减.如果应力变化速率大,岩石变形破裂时产生的电荷在短时间内衰减很小,同时又有大量的自由电荷产生,所以在岩石变形破裂时,应力变化速率大时,有较强的电荷感应信号.     

地闪先导通道中电荷分布的数值模拟

将雷暴云电荷结构与闪电先导的发展相联系,模拟计算了不同雷暴云电荷结构下,先导通道中的感应电荷量.结果表明:随先导接近地面,通道中感应电荷密度不断增加,在先导通道接地瞬间,其通道中的总正(负)电荷量约为0.2～1.6C,通道中平均感应电荷线密度约为0.08～0.35mC/m.感应电荷密度大小虽然随不同的雷暴云电荷结构有所变化,但仅由感应电荷无法解释先导通道中的电荷量,通道中的主要电荷来源为云内电荷的转移.     

Nd_(0.5)Ca_(0.5)MnO_3电荷有序态下电荷输运机制的研究

制备了单相多晶Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3样品,研究了该体系在电荷有序态下的电荷输运机制.研究表明,该体系在低温下表现为半导体输运特性,在250K处发生了电荷有序相变;电荷有序态下的电荷输运机制满足可变程跃迁模型.     

Nd0.5 Cao.5MnO3电荷有序态下电荷输运机制的研究

制备了单相多晶Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3样品,研究了该体系在电荷有序态下的电荷输运机制.研究表明,该体系在低温下表现为半导体输运特性,在250K处发生了电荷有序相变;电荷有序态下的电荷输运机制满足可变程跃迁模型.     

氢氟酸处理对PP和PET储电性的影响及其电荷动态特性

开路TSD电流谱的研究结果表明,经萃取、氧化和氢氟酸处理的PP孔洞膜的电荷稳定性得到显著的提高,而氢氟酸处理的PET膜的电荷稳定性较原膜显著地降低.理论分析表明,电荷TSD在线测量法可给出升温过程中电荷重心及电荷量变化的综合信息.电荷TSD在线测量表明,升温过程中两种聚合物膜的电荷重心明显地向膜自由面漂移,表面层中存在比体阱更深的能阱.光照或提高温度对发生在表面层中的化学反应具有明显地促进作用.     

静电场能和电荷间的相互作用能

本文对一电荷在另一电荷形成电场中的电势能就是二电荷电场能中的相互作用能,给出了严格的数学证明.并对静电场中能量的有关问题,进行了计算和讨论.     

壁电荷对ACPDP中气体击穿电压的影响

用电容平衡法测量ACPDP宏放电单元在维持放电期的壁电荷变化,并根据宏放电单元壁电荷电压和外加最小维持电压的测量结果计算实际施加在放电气体上的击穿电压,探讨壁电荷电压对放电气体实际击穿电压的影响.实验结果表明:随着ACPDP外加最小维持电压的增加,壁电荷电压升高,气体的击穿电压也随之升高;有壁电荷时的气体击穿电压明显高于无壁电荷时的气体击穿电压,随着壁电荷电压从7.62 V升高到67.89 V,有壁电荷时的气体击穿电压比无壁电荷时的气体击穿电压分别提高了6.98 V到57.09 V;壁电荷增加会显著提高了放电气体的击穿电压阈值,使ACPDP内放电气体的击穿变得困难.     

温差发电演示仪的制作

温差发电现象最早是在金属中发现的,由于两种金属接触的温差电现象特别微弱,在很长一段时间内没有得到发展.用半导体制冷片来制作热电转换实验仪,可直观地演示半导体的热电效应,并在实验教学中应用.     

对孤立椭球导体面电荷密度与表层曲率之间关系的研究

对于孤立椭球导体,即处于静电平衡作用下,而椭球导体面上电荷密度的分布规律在理论分析上一直都是一个比较复杂的静电学问题,人们普遍认为,孤立的椭球导体面上的电荷密度上的电荷密度随着表面曲率半径的增大而增大,而确定的比例关系一直没有定量得出.本文将通过理论计算得出导体表面曲率与电荷密度之间的定量关系.首先,用平面曲率来表示曲面的曲率,其次,计算正圆柱面、旋转双曲面和旋转抛物面的曲率.最后确定带电孤立椭球面电荷密度与表层曲率关系,认为对于一般的孤立椭球导体,面电荷密度与表层曲率的1/4次方成正比,这表明了电荷大的地方电荷密度也大,同时电荷密度不仅与H存在一定的比例关系,而且还和导体的空间角度存在一定的关系,即不同的空间角度对应着不同的面电荷密度值.     

双四元数形式的电磁理论

利用双四元数,将只存在电荷的经典电磁理论推广同时存在电荷和磁荷的电磁对称的理论.在双四元数表述下,出电荷磁荷系统的Hamilton作用量和对应的Lagrange函数,并从作用量原理出场方程和场中带电磁荷粒子的运动方程.分析这些方程,证明在只存在电荷情况下新理论与通常的电磁理论一致;在电荷和磁荷都存在的情况下,新理论不仅是经典理论的推广,而且与其他考虑电荷磁荷的电磁理论有原则上的区别.新理论出了电荷（或磁荷）产生的场对磁荷（或电荷）没有电磁作用,特别是电荷粒子与磁荷粒子（磁单极子）之间无电磁相互作用的论.最后,据新的双四元数电磁理论讨论了3个物理问,（i）对磁单极子探测实验的负果出新的释,即这种负果不能否定磁单极的存在,而是表明探测实验的原理需要修正;（ii）出磁单极子类型的物质是一种暗物质的假设;（iii）对分数电荷现象出一种释,即存在带不同类型电磁荷的粒子.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that