Three Candidate Epitope—Vaccines in Combination Inducing High Levels of Multiantibodies Against HIV—1

HIV-1 mutation results in immune evasion, which presents a serious challenge for conventional strategies for developing effective vaccines. So far, much experimental evidence indicates that HIV-1 particles in the blood of patients can be cleaned principally by neutralizing antibodies. Based on these facts, we prepared triple combination of epitope-vaccines with the objective of inducing antibodies with predefined multi-epitope-specificity against HW-1. According to the sequences of three neutralizing epitopes (RILAVERYLKD, ELDKWA and GPGRAFY, designated El, E2, and E3, respectively) on HIV-1 envelope proteins, three epitope-peptides ((E1)2: C-(RILAVERYLKDG)2; (E2)4: C-(ELDKWAG)4; and (E3)2:C-(GPGRAFY)2) were synthesized and then conjugated with carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or bovine serum albumin (BSA), and used for immunizing rabbits. After the vaccine course, the triple combination of epitope-vaccines induced high levels of predefined multi-epitope-specific antibodies. An immunoblotting-analysis demonstrated that the antibodies could recognize the native epitopes on both gp41 protein and V3 loop peptide. Furthermore, we compared the immune responses of three doses of epitope-peptides in the candidate epitope-vaccine. Strong antibody responses to three epitopes were observed in a dose dependent manner, with increasing dose raising the immune response. This result indicated that immunotolerance did not occur using an epitope vaccine dose of 80 ~tg. Thus, our results demonstrate that epitope-vaccines in combination can synchronously induce high levels of antibodies with predefined multi-epitope-specificity against HIV-1, and may be used to develop effective vaccines against HIV as a new strategy.     

HIV-1C亚型DNA疫苗诱导小鼠免疫反应的研究

 构建含中国流行株HIV-1 C亚型核心蛋白gag基因的重组质粒pVAX-gag,并在体外进行了表达与鉴定.同时构建了含此gag基因的原核表达质粒pGEX-gag,表达纯化并鉴定重组蛋白Gag.以质粒pVAX-gag免疫Balb/C小鼠后,用ELISpot和流式细胞仪检测其细胞免疫反应.再以纯化后的重组蛋白Gag作为包被抗原,用ELISA检测其体液免疫反应.结果显示重组质粒pVAX-gag免疫小鼠后可有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫反应,且免疫剂量和免疫效果存在一定的正相关性.重组原核表达质粒pGEX-gag的表达产物能与抗p24单克隆抗体发生特异性反应,可用于抗HIV抗体检测.     

Antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine showed inhibitory activity against heterologous influenza A virus (H3N2)

In this study, recognition of 4 recombinant viral proteins (GST?NHA1) by the antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine was testified. Inhibitory activities of these antibodies were also investigated in vitro against four heterologous influenza A viruses (H3N2). Three epitope?specific antibodies purified by affinity chromatography could reduce the plaque formation. Interestingly, the three neutralizing antibodies in combination showed obvious enhancement of inhibitory activity, suggesting that the development of recombinant multi?epitope vaccine might be an effective way against viral mutation.     

Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing HIV-1 gp41 Could Inhibit Env-Mediated Syncytium Formation

Some monoclonal antibodies （mAbs） could inhibit infection by HIV-1. In this study, four mAbs against HIV-1 gp41 were prepared in mice. All four mAbs could bind to the recombinant soluble gp41 and recognize the native envelope glycoprotein gp160 expressed on the HIV-Env^＋ CHO-WT cell in flow cytometry analysis. Interestingly, the results show that all four mAbs purified by affinity chromatography could inhibit HIV-1 Env-mediated membrane fusion （syncytium formation） by 40%-60% at 10 μg/mL, which implies potential inhibitory activities against HIV-1.     

Prediction of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 avian influenza virus by in silico molecular docking

The H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) has widely spread in Asia, Europe and Africa, making a large amount of economic loss. Recently, our research group has screened a common neutralizing mono- clonal antibody named 8H5, which can neutralize almost all H5 subtype AIV ever isolated so far. Obvi- ously, this monoclonal antibody would benefit for research and development of the universal AIV vac- cine and design of the drug against H5N1 AIV in high mutation rate. In this study, the homology mod- eling was applied to generate the 3D structure of 8H5 Fab fragment, and canonical structure method was used to define the specified loop conformation of CDR regions. The model was subjected to en- ergy minimization in cvff force field with Discovery module in Insight II program. The resulting model has correct stereochemistry as gauged from the Ramachandran plot calculation and good 3D-structure compatibility as assessed by interaction energy analysis, solvent accessible surface (SAS) analysis, and Profiles-3D approach. Furthermore, the 8H5 Fab model was subjected to docking with three H5 subtype hemagglutinin (HA) structures deposited in PDB (ID No: 1jsm, 2ibx and 2fk0) respectively. The result indicates that the three docked complexes share a common binding interface, but differ in bind- ing angle related with HA structure similarity between viral subtypes. In the light of the three HA inter- faces with structural homology analysis, the common neutralizing epitope on HA recognized by 8H5 consists of 9 incontinuous amino acid residues: Asp68, Asn72, Glu112, Lys113, Ile114, Pro118, Ser120, Tyr137, Tyr252 (numbered as for 1jsm sequence). The primary purpose of the present work is to provide some insight into structure and binding details of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 AIV, thereby aiding in the structure-based design of universal AIV vaccines and anti-virus therapeutic drugs.     

抗HIV-1gp41合成多肽gp41-5单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

制备抗HIV-1 gp41合成多肽gp41-5的单克隆抗体（mAb）,为筛选抗HIV-1多肽及分析gp41的抗原表位提供有用工具。常规动物免疫、细胞融合、克隆化制备抗gp41-5多肽mAb,并用ELISA法对其特异性、抗原识别表位及相对亲和力等做了初步鉴定。获得了4株抗gp41-5多肽的mAb,这4株mAb均特异识别gp41-5多肽,但不与gp41的N36或C34多肽片段反应。得到的4株mAb能特异结合gp41核心结构的空间构象。     

桂林市HIV-1流行毒株的基因序列测定和亚型分析

为了解桂林市HIV-1感染者中HIV-1流行毒株亚型的分子流行病学特征,采集桂林市HIV-1感染者的抗凝全血样品42份,分离PBMC并提取DNA,用巢氏PCR方法扩增病毒env基因,并进行序列测定和亚型分析。系统进化分析表明,桂林市HIV-1感染者样品分别属于4亚型:重组型CRF01-AE亚型4份、重组型CRF08-BC亚型15份、重组型CRF07-BC亚型8份和01C亚型3份。可见,桂林市HIV-1感染者中流行毒株主要为CRF-BC,应加强对HIV-1毒株亚型变异的监测,及时制定新的防治策略。     

Monoclonal Anti-CD4 Antibody MT310 Binds HIV-1 gp120 Binding Site on CD4

IntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus type1 ( HIV- 1 ) ,after binding by the envelope protein gp1 2 0 to itscellular receptor CD4,enters susceptible cellsthrough p H- independent fusion[1,2 ] . The sitewhich HIV- 1 gp1 2 0 binds is located in the firstdomain on the CD4molecule[3 5] .The anti- CD4m Ab Leu3a recognizes the gp1 2 0 binding site onCD4[6] and the anti- CD4m Ab MT31 0 stronglyinhibits HIV- 1 infection of CD4+ T cells,while theanti- CD4 m Ab MT1 5 1 weakly inhibitsinf…     

表达HIV-1复合多表位基因的p815细胞稳定株的建立和评价

建立稳定表达HIV-1p24MEG复合多表位基因的p815细胞克隆.设计引物,以HIV-1标准株全长cDNA序列为模板,PCR扩增获得p24基因片段;合成改造后的多个表位基因MEG并且与p24片段相连接,克隆入pcDNA3.1(+).在阳离子聚合物作用下重组真核质粒转染的p815(H-2d)细胞, 以G418压力筛选,RT-PCR检测mRNA表达,间接免疫荧光检测蛋白表达.通过PCR获得了HIV-1 p24片段,获得了与多表位基因连接后的p24MEG融合基因,成功构建了p24MEG基因的重组真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)/p24MEG.转染p815细胞后, RT-PCR检测到融合蛋白mRNA表达,间接免疫荧光显示 p815细胞内有融合蛋白的表达.结论:建立了稳定表达HIV-1p24MEG融合蛋白的p815细胞克隆,为评价多表位抗原p24MEG在BALB/c小鼠体内诱导的细胞免疫应答奠定基础.     

HIV-1复合药物疗法模型的动力学行为分析

利用Routh-Huritz准则、Lyapunov函数、Lasalle不变原理和波动引理,对一类HIV-1复合药物疗法数学模型的动力学行为进行了研究.基于基本再生数,得到了非感染平衡点和单重感染平衡点的局部或全局稳定及存在双重感染平衡点的充分条件.     

慢病毒及其载体系统研究进展

基于慢病毒的病毒载体的研究已经发展到一定水平,因此用慢病毒作为基因转移媒介的临床研究已经开始,在实验室和临床应用中,慢病毒具有特别的优点,尤其是能整合未分裂细胞的独特能力.现在基于HIV的慢病毒载体的临床研究已经开始应用于人体.本文介绍基于HIV-1的慢病毒和慢病毒载体的结构,慢病毒载体的优点以及慢病毒载体应用的展望.     

HIV-1复合多表位基因的原核表达和多克隆抗体制备

为表达HIV-1复合多表位基因并制备其多克隆抗体.设计引物,以HIV-1标准株全长cDNA序列为模板,PCR扩增获得p24基因片段;合成改造后的多个表位基因MEG并且与p24片段相连接,克隆入大肠杆菌.将测序正确的p24MEG基因克隆入原核表达载体pET32a并诱导表达.采用Ni2 -NTA亲和柱纯化目的蛋白,以p24抗体对纯化蛋白进行Western-blot分析.将纯化的融合蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体.通过PCR成功获得长度为651 bp的HIV-1的p24片段,获得了与多表位基因连接后的p24MEG基因,通过诱导表达,显示在相对分子量约45 000处有预计大小的特异性条带,表明成功表达出融合蛋白.经此纯化的融合蛋白免疫的家兔能产生特异性抗体,其滴度达到1:3 200.纯化的融合蛋白和多克隆抗体为研究新型HIV疫苗奠定一定的理论和实践基础.     

莲藕抗氧化多糖的抗HIV-1整合酶作用研究

利用乙醇沉淀、凝胶过滤等方法从莲藕中分离纯化得到具有抗氧化活性的多糖复合物LB2,经分析,LB2分子量为18.8 kD,由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和木糖这五种单糖组成,其比例为2:8:7:8:1.LB2显示出较强的抑制HIV-1整合酶体外3'切割活性,可作为一种新型HIV-1整合酶抑制剂.     

抗原化抗体及其应用

抗原化抗体是指在抗体分子可变区的互补决定区中插入外源蛋白寡肽的人工构建抗体 综述了抗原化抗体的性质、构建方法、应用及展望     

汉坦病毒CTL多表位重组腺病毒的构建及免疫学分析

目的：构建含汉坦病毒M基因（编码糖蛋白G1）和部分S基因（编码核蛋白主要抗原区段）以及S基因的多个 CTL表位的多种重组腺病毒表达载体,并对这些重组腺病毒的免疫学特性进行研究。方法：构建含目的基因的重组腺病毒载体,并对其表达产物进行鉴定。利用纯化后的重组腺病毒免疫BALB/C小鼠,通过多种免疫学方法检测其免疫反应。结果：成功表达出可被汉坦病毒核蛋白特异性单抗(mAb)及糖蛋白G1 的特异性单抗所识别的融合蛋白;重组的腺病毒可以有效刺激针对汉坦病毒NP及GP的免疫应答;同时结果表明在CTL多表位间加入间隔序列AAY的重组腺病毒免疫小鼠能产生更高的细胞免疫应答。结论： 构建的含CTL多表位的重组腺病毒可以有效的提高嵌合基因刺激细胞免疫应答的能力。间隔序列AAY对于各CTL表位的分隔有效地提高了重组腺病毒的免疫效果。