影响根癌农杆菌转化水稻频率的因素研究

根癌农杆菌与来自水稻成熟种子的愈伤组织共培养,将外源基因导入水稻愈伤组织,并获得了转基因植株．通过比较影响根癌农杆菌转化频率的各种因素,表明在转化过程中酚类化合物和单糖的加入使农杆菌的转化频率提高了０．９％～１７．４％．在共培养时农杆菌的稀释方式也是影响农杆菌转化频率的重要因素     

农杆菌介导转化水稻成熟胚影响因素研究

实验对蜀恢881、蜀恢527、中花9号等7个水稻品种的成熟胚为受体材料，研究了影响农杆菌转化水稻频率的几个重要因素，实验结果表明：CC培养基是籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织的最适诱导培养基，而NB培养基是粳稻品种成熟胚的最适诱导培养基；诱导培养基中添加ABA并不能显著提高籼稻和粳稻成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导率，但在ABA为3mg／LN可以明显改善愈伤质量；适当的低温预处理可以不同程度提高诱导率；农杆菌菌株EHA105对水稻愈伤组织的转化能力优于LBA4404和AGL1；在分化时，采用适宜的激素配比有利于提高分化率。     

影响水稻愈伤组织植株再生频率的因素研究

以水稻成熟种子为外植体,研究了影响水稻伤组织再生频率的各种因素,如渗透压,植物激素素和ＡｇＮＯ３等。发现不同基因型愈伤组织再生频率有很大差异,增加诱导培养基或分化培养基其中的渗透压和琼脂浓度,继代培养时加入适量的激动素或６－苄基氨基腺嘌呤以及在分化增减基中加入活性炭、玉米素等均可明显提高水稻愈伤组织的再生频率。     

水稻花粉悬浮培养及其在育种上的应用

评估了２０个水稻品种离体花粉悬浮培养产生愈伤组织和再分化植株的能力，并进行了花粉悬浮培养试验，结果表明；品种之间反应差异很大。来源于日本的“黎明”（粳稻）最敏感。“黎明”植株再分化的频率达８４．１％。在愈伤组织的形成和植株再分化过程中，除其它一些因子外，基因型的差异有一定制约作用。通过水稻花粉悬浮培养诱导出的新品系“Ｎ１０”，其特征有：早熟，穗大，株高（９０～１００ｃｍ），产量高和抗稻瘟病等。     

稻瘟病菌粗毒素对水稻成熟胚愈伤组织生长和分化的影响及抗性筛选

利用目前稻瘟病不同的优势小种菌株的液体培养提取的粗毒素对水稻成熟胚进行处理,粗毒素液对水稻愈伤组织的生长及分化有严重的抑制作用,与对照相比差异性极显著;不同浓度的粗毒素提取液其作用效果不同,随着毒素浓度的增大或是作用时间的延长,水稻分化受到的抑制作用越强。水稻成熟胚组织培养中进行抗稻瘟病菌突变体筛选的毒素浓度在25％～30％较好;愈伤组织浸泡12～24h可以得到分化出苗。在愈伤组织上直接加上毒素并长时间处理对愈伤组织的生长有很大的破坏作用,每个愈伤组织滴加的毒素应小于2．0ml。不同的水稻品种产生的耐性不同,可以筛选出抗稻瘟病的突变体。     

特种工业用油料作物Lesquerella fendleri的愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

以Lesquerella fendleri下胚轴和子叶作为外植体,研究了不同的激素浓度和组合对于愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响．研究表明,L．fendleri下胚轴和子叶在许多激素组合的培养基上都能诱导出愈伤组织．当6-BA的浓度从0提高到1．0mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率也从35．14％提高到97．30％,进一步提高6-BA浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将NAA浓度从0提高到0．2mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从70％提高到76．76％,进一步提高NAA浓度则降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将2,4-D的浓度从0提高到0．5mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从64．29％提高到85．00％,进一步提高2,4-D浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率．当6-BA的浓度为0．5mg．L-时子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率最高,达到80．00％;提高NAA浓度可以提高子叶愈伤组织诱导频率,提高2,4-D浓度则会降低子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率．绝大多数愈伤组织在含有6-BA和NAA的MS培养基上都能够分化出许多不定芽．不定芽在MS基本培养基能够诱导生根,生根率在80％以上．     

Basta对水稻愈伤组织生长及分化的影响

通过研究除草剂 Ｂａｓｔａ对 ６个水稻品种愈伤组织的生长和分化的影响,发现 Ｂａｓｔａ对愈伤组织的生长和分化具有强烈的抑制作用;在此基础上,找到了合适的Ｂａｓｔａ筛选压,为以ｂａｒ基因作为选择标记基因的水稻遗传转化奠定了基础．     

籼稻9311成熟胚再生体系

建立9311水稻高效再生体系,将有利于人们以9311水稻为受体进行遗传改良及籼型水稻基因功能的研究．报道了9311成熟胚高效再生途径．以9311成熟胚为外植体,设计了5类（N6DP,N6DA,MSDP,MSDA和MSDAP）共13种不同愈伤组织诱导培养基,比较了9311成熟胚在不同培养基中愈伤组织的诱导以及初始愈伤组织被继代后的表现．结果显示：9311成熟胚在添加2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）的所有培养基中都能够形成愈伤组织;将最初被诱导的愈伤组织进行继代培养,在前4类培养基上诱导的初始愈伤组织,不论被分别继代于与原培养基成分相同的新鲜培养基上,还是被继代于MSDAP培养基上,继代后的愈伤组织都相继褐化死亡,而将从MSDAP培养基上诱导的初始愈伤组织继代在MSDAP培养基上,愈伤组织很少出现褐化现象,并且能够较快地增殖．由此表明,MSDAP培养基是9311成熟胚合适的愈伤组织诱导培养基和增殖培养基．采用MSDAP培养基培养,9311水稻成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率达87．5％．分化率为46．7％．再生植株的比例为23．3％、     

水稻“三系”花药培养比较研究

对滇型水稻不育系、保持系和恢复系作了花药培养,所用材料是花粉处在单核中、晚期的花药,最后均获得了花粉植株。三个系的愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率基本接近,其总趋势也与常规花培一致,但略低于常规杂种F_1和F_2的频率。1980年四个不育系愈伤组织诱导率平均为1.85％,绿苗分化率平均为21.5％;保持系的相应值为1.01％和23.8％。1981年三个不育系愈伤组织诱导率平均为3.26％,绿苗分化率平均为28.5％;三个保持系的相应值为2.38％和24.4％;三个恢复系的相应值为1.58％和27.6％;而六个常规F_1和F_2的平均相应值为3.95％和28.8％。     

农杆菌介导转化水稻方法的改进

采用培矮64S和9311两种籼稻为材料,研究了影响农杆菌介导转化的几种因素．研究结果表明,预培养4d的幼胚最适宜作为农杆菌介导转化的受体,其次是来源于幼胚和成熟胚的生长状态良好的胚性愈伤组织．以AAM培养基作为共培养培养基,对于农杆菌EHA105（pUblm）来说,菌液浓度为OD600值=0．8时,愈伤组织的转化率最高．在农杆菌侵染愈伤组织过程中,通过负压处理可明显提高愈伤组织的转化频率．在愈伤组织浸染后,以含一定浓度的Ca^2＋和表面活性剂Tween20的溶液处理可明显提高水稻愈伤组织的转化频率．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has