热力学的一个相对论广义坐标变换

讨论了一个涉及热力学的广义坐标的相对论变换 ,发现热力学第一定律和理想气体状态方程对广义坐标的相对论变换具有不变性 ,表明广义坐标的相对论变换有其存在的理由 .     

热力学系统温度的相对论变换

本文对相对论热力学中一个基本问题——温度的相对论变换关系,分别运用热力学方法和统计物理方法进行讨论,导出与 Ott-M(?)ller 理论一致的结果,并对所得结果给出物理上的解释.此外,还得到其它一些热力学量的相对论变换关系。     

相对论热力学中温度变换的讨论

本文中我们就相对论热力学中温度变换问题对有关论点提出质疑,并对温度变换关系给出新的论证方法。     

运动气体系统分布函数与热力学量洛伦兹变换

本文将狭义相对论质点动力学应用于整体作匀速运动的气体系统,导出实验室系L中的相应分布函数,通过计算得热力学量的狭义相对论变换关系.其中热量与温度的变换和Ott相同,但物理实质更深刻.     

论动体温度变换和热力学定律的协变形式

本文讨论了相对论热力学中Ｐｌａｎｃｋ－Ｅｉｎｓｔｅｉｎ学派和Ｏｔｔ－Ｍｌｌｅｒ学派的主要分歧，指出引导力的存在是相对论效应的必然结果，从而确认了Ｐ－Ｅ温度变换关系，并且进一步导出热力学定律协变形式的两个标量方程。     

相对论热力学功的变换

本文在评述了有关相对论热力学功的变换关系的争论后,论证了可逆过程中外力所作的功的表达式,并给出了运动系统热力学定律的表述形式.     

热力学状态参量和热学量的相对论变换关系

作者从四维闵可夫斯基空间中引入四维力矢量和四维动量矢量出发，推导出作整体运动热力学气体系统的状态参量和热学量的相对论变换关系。在此基础上，还讨论了热力学定律的相对论形式。作为应用又讨论了理想气体的几个等值过程问题。     

运动物体变热还是变冷

本文分折了相对论热力学中 Planck-Einstein 与 Ott-Mller 两大学派争论的实质,指出引导力的存在是相对论效应的必然结果,从而确认了 P-E 理论的温度变换关系。按照统计规律不能还原成力学规律的观点,我们得到引导功的一些性质,并在此基础上导出非封闭流体系统热力学定律协变形式的标量方程。     

伽里略变换下热力学量的不变性和唯一性

本文介绍了相对论热力学的各种观点,提出了“切断动量空间”的新观点,以一维单原子理想气体为例,假设了新的不变量,证明了伽里略变换下各热力学函数是不变量,经伽里略变换后能唯一确定,因而对Paiva-Veretennicoff的结论提出了不同意见。另外还说明了在伽里略变换下热力学第二定律具有不变性。     

非相对论情况下电磁场变换关系的自洽性问题

从狭义相对论中电磁场的变换关系．讨论了非相对论情况下电磁场变换关系的自治性问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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