炸药废水的绿色化处理工艺研究

采用超临界水氧化技术处理炸药生产废水，探讨了超临界水氧化降解炸药废水的规律。结果表明：反应温度是影响炸药废水COD去除率的主要因素，在超临界条件下，COD的去除率随着温度的升高而增加。在反应温度为550℃、压力24MPa、反应停留时间为120s的条件下，COD去除率可以达到99．98％以上。     

超临界氧化技术处理吐氏酸生产废水

为更好地处理难降解的高浓度有机废水,研究了在间歇式超临界水反应装置内,超临界水氧化技术处理吐氏酸生产废水的最佳条件及其处理效果.通过单因素试验和正交试验,系统地研究了不同条件下废水COD和色度的去除率.当温度为380℃、压力为24 MPa、时间为150 s以及过氧比为1.8倍时,COD去除率可达96.7%,色度去除率可达97.5%,且反应后废水的可生化性有极大改善.     

超临界水氧化法处理HTS分子筛生产废水

超临界水氧化技术是处理高浓度难降解有机废水领域的一种高效、环境友好型的处理技术。利用超临界水氧化法处理钛硅(HTS)分子筛生产废水,主要考察了反应温度和停留时间对超临界水氧化处理钛硅(HTS)分子筛生产废水过程中COD去除率和氨氮去除率的影响,并在实验数据的基础上对COD转化率的反应动力学方程进行研究。实验结果表明,在23MPa和氧气过量的条件下,反应温度为793 K和停留时间120 s条件下,COD转化率和氨氮去除率分别可以达到99.96%和99.37%,处理出水能够达到排放标准。动力学研究结果表明,反应温度763~793 K范围内该反应为一级反应,活化能为34.67 k J·mol-1,指前因子为12.41。     

含油废水的超临界水氧化反应机理及动力学特性

针对传统的处理方法不能有效地去除油田开采废水中化学需氧量(COD)的缺点,引入超临界水氧化法作为含油废水的深度处理技术,研究了含油废水在超临界水中的氧化降解过程,并用自由基反应机理解释了超临界水氧化反应的机理.实验结果表明:超临界水氧化法是一种高效快速的有机废物处理技术,COD的去除率近90%;反应温度、停留时间是影响废水COD去除率的主要因素,随着反应温度、停留时间的增加,废水COD去除率显著增大;氧化反应对废水的反应级数为1.62,对氧为0.22,反应活化能和频率因子分别为(92.2±9.9)kJ.mol-1和(3.53±3.33)×103,所建立的反应动力学模型与实验结果的偏差在±10%之内.此外,在分析综述基础上指出了超临界水氧化处理过程存在的问题及可能的解决方法.     

臭氧氧化法处理感光废水中COD的研究

考察臭氧氧化法处理感光废水过程中反应时间、反应温度、原水稀释倍数、初始pH值、臭氧通入量等因素对COD去除率的影响。在优化条件下,显影废水中COD去除率为61.6%、定影废水中COD去除率为72.6%。     

超临界水氧化法处理含染料废水的工艺研究

探讨了超临界水氧化处理水中活性染料雅格素藏青-R-150%的工艺条件方法,考察了反应温度、压力、停留时间、初始浓度、氧化剂用量、pH值等工艺参数对水中雅格素藏青-R-150%去除率的影响.实验结果表明,超临界水中的氧化反应能有效去除水中的TOC,反应温度、反应时间、初始浓度、pH值是重要的影响因素.在380℃,25 MPa,停留时间3.2 m in,pH为7的条件下处理活性染料雅格素藏青-R-150%时,其COD去除率可达98.06%.     

超临界水氧化油田含油污泥无害化处理研究

实验研究了以超临界水氧化法(SCWO)处理油田含油污泥实现含油污泥无害化处理.考察了反应温度、反应压力、停留时间、pH值等条件对含油污泥COD去除率的影响.实验结果表明:一氧化碳和醋酸是中间产物,二氧化碳是最终产物.当反应温度为440℃、反应压力为24MPa、反应停留时间为10min、pH为10时,含油污泥中的COD去除率可达到98%以上.反应停留时间和反应温度是影响含油污泥中COD去除率的主要因素.随着反应停留时间和反应温度的增加,含油污泥COD去除率增加;反应压力和氧化剂质量浓度对含油污泥COD去除率也很重要,但当反应压力和氧化剂浓度达到一定值时,对含油污泥COD去除影响不大.     

甲醇超临界水氧化的实验研究

以过量的双氧水作为氧化剂,进行了380,400,420℃三个温度的超临界水氧化处理甲醇废水的实验研究。随着温度升高甲醇和COD去除率速度增加,在420℃时120min甲醇和COD的去除率都可达到99％以上。380℃时直到180min甲醇和COD的去除串分别为96．3％和93．1％;400℃到150min时甲醇去除半达到97.5％,到180min时COD去除率也达到了98．7％。在甲醇的氧化分解历程中,经历了先被氧化分解为甲醛的中间过程,然后再被完全氧化为二氧化碳和水。     

超临界水氧化处理毒死蜱产生的缩合废水

采用连续流超临界水氧化技术处理毒死蜱生产废水,研究了反应温度、压力、停留时间及过氧量4个因素对处理毒死蜱生产废水效果的影响。结果表明:温度、压力、停留时间和过氧倍数均对超临界水氧化的污染物转化进程产生影响,其中温度对有机氮的转化影响最为显著,温度大于450℃,有机氮转化完全,COD、TN的去除率分别大于99%和90%,而氨氮转化去除的反应条件较为苛刻,与同步脱氮技术相结合,可实现COD、氨氮等污染物的高效去除和达标排放。     

超临界水氧化毒死蜱缩合废水实验研究

采用连续流超临界水氧化技术处理毒死蜱生产废水,研究了反应温度、压力、停留时间及过氧量四个因素对处理毒死蜱生产废水效果的影响,结果表明：温度、压力、停留时间和过氧倍数均对超临界水氧化的污染物转化进程产生影响,其中温度对有机氮的转化影响最为显著,温度大于450℃,有机氮转化完全,COD、TN的去除率分别大于99%和90%,而氨氮转化去除的反应条件较为苛刻,与同步脱氮技术相结合,可实现COD、氨氮等污染物的高效去除和达标排放。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that