Expression and inhibitory activity analysis of a 25-kD Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor in rice

Bowman-Birk protease inhibitors (BBI), belonging to serine protease inhibitors, are well-studied storage and defense proteins widely existing in both dicoty- ledonous and monocotyledonous plants[1―3]. In dicoty- ledonous plants, the BBIs are about 8-kD p…     

Nuclear Energy—the Strategic Role and Sustainability in China

analyzing the challenges of China’s energy supply, an excellent perspective of nuclear power development in china has been described. Taking into account the midlong term development requirements, a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable nuclear power strategic consideration and proposal is put forward. Thus our national nuclear industry can not only catch up with the world advanced level in proper time, but also possess the enough stamina of sustainability.     

Role of doping and oxygen content in supercon—ductivity of La2CuO4＋δ

ＲｏｌｅｏｆｄｏｐｉｎｇａｎｄｏｘｙｇｅｎｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｉｎｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆＬａ_２ＣｕＯ_（４＋δ）￥ＬｉＭｉｎｇ；ＨｕａｎｇＹｕｍｉｎｇ（ＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙａｎｄＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｓｏｕｔ...     

Role of Mg on Structure and Mechanical Properties in Alloy 718

The role of Mg in alloy/718 has been systematically investigated. Mg raises not only high temperature tensile and stress-rupture ductilities but also increases considerably smooth and notch stress-rupture life. Mg containing alloy 718M is free of stress-rupture notch sensitivity. Mg improves creep and fatigue interaction properties (LCF or cyclic stress rupture) at any grain size. The basic role of Mg is equilibrium segregation at grain boundaries which helps to change continuous grain beundary (5-Ni3Nb morphology to discrete globular form which has a retardation effect on intergranular fracture. Mg promotes the change from intergranular to transgranular fracture mode.     

Reality,Fantasy and Memory——A Tentative of the Stage Techniques in Death of a Salesman

Death of Salesman is,to a great extent,a memory play.By using lots of literary techniques and displaying a mixture of the flash back of the past life and the reality as well as the fantasy of the hero,this play successfully presents a unique style of realism a nd expressionism,through which,the author unfolds before us the tragic life of Willy Loman,the ma in character of the play.[Keywords]literary technique reality fantasy memory     

Behavior of Liquid-Liquid Dispersions in a Stirred Vessel——Part 1: Uniformity Property

IntroductionLiquid- liquid dispersions are the fundamentalmeans of solvent extraction,direct contact heattransfer,heterogeneous chemical reactions,emulsion treatments,liquid membraneseparations,etc. Most design criteria forextractors,reactors and other such equipment areempirical and scaling up involves costlyexperimental programs.A major reason for usingempirical methods is the inability to describedispersion properties such as the drop sizedistribution and interfacial surface area asfunction…     

Analysis of the Role and Technique of Feedback in the Development of Students’Writing Skills

Feedback on writing can be defined as comments, corrections, questions and suggestions, that a reader gives to a writer with the aim to steer him through the process of writing on to the product, according to Keh (1990:294). This paper discusses the role of feedback in a process-focused approach to writing. The use of both peer feedback and teacher feedback could improve students’writing skills effectively in the long run. This paper also looks at the different techniques that a teacher can use in the writing classroom.     

The Role of Context in Utterance Interpretation

This paper discusses the function of context in utterance interpretation.In speech communication,context plays a very important role in expressing utterance meaning appropriately and understanding that precisely.Context can be classified into three kinds,which is context of utterance,context of situation,and context of culture.Each has its own function in interpreting utterance.On one hand,the understanding of utterance-meaning relies a lot on the context,without which the utterance meaning cannot be fully interpreted.On the other hand,context gives some restrictions to the choice of utterance in a certain communication.Moreover,all the ambiguities of utterance can be cleared up through the context.     

Reality,Fantasy and Memory——A Tentative Analysis of the Stage Techniques in Death of a Salesman

Death of Salesman is,to a great extent,a memory play.By using lots of literary techniques and displaying a mixture of the flashback of the past life and the reality as well as the fantasy of the hero,this play successfully pre- sents a unique style of realism and expressionism,through which,the author unfolds before us the tragic life of Willy Loman,the main character of the play.     

The Important Role of Context of Culture in Translation

This paper presents the indispensable role of context of culture in the translation of meaning of language in-use,showing it to be the source of contextual background of a particular text and of which the contextual features derive.It pays special attention to the tactics for understanding as well as interpreting words in the light of context.It maintains that the context of culture in which the translator works in mainly affects and limits the choice of words in translation.     

To Introduce a Cultural Sense in Translation——A Brief Study of Non-equivalence in the Associated Meanings of English and Chinese Words

This paper attempts to demonstrate the importance of introducing cultural sense in translation practice, English to Chinese in particular, by examining the problem of non-equivalence at word level in associated meanings and to unveil the cultural aspects projected within. It is also argued that greater importance should be attached to the cultural perspectives in translation and flexible strategies should be adopted in dealing with the problems of non-equivalence in the associated meanings of words of different cultures.     

Role of FGF-2／FGFR signaling pathway in cancer and its signification in breast cancer

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a member of a large family of proteins that bind heparin and heparan sulfate and modulate the function of a wide range of cell types. It has been proved that FGF-2 stimulates the growth and development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) that contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases (i.e. cancer, atherosclerosis). However, many of the biological activities of FGF-2 have been found to depend on its receptor抯 intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and second messengers such as the mitogen activated protein kinases. This review will focus on the mechanism of FGF-2/FGFR induced signaling pathway in tumor and human breast cancer.     

Kerogen——as a sort of organic bearer of gold in gold-bearing formations

Organic component, organic carbon and gold content analyses were used to study the relationship between gold mineralization and organic matter in major host rocks of three different chronological gold-bearing formations of South China. The results show that the organic matter of host rocks in various chronological major gold-bearing formations of South China has associated with gold mineralization in genesis. There is a positive correlation between gold and organic carbon in the host rocks of gold-bearing formations. Gold element was mainly enriched in insoluble organic matter—kerogen. Gold content of the kerogen is commonly higher from a few tens to several hundred times than that of the whole rocks, up to 5%–40% gold of the whole rocks. Gold remaining in the kerogen was considered an organic group of the kerogen to combine with ionic gold in solution through surface absorption, ion exchange complex reaction and chelation so that the kerogen could have become an important sort of organic bearer of gold in gold-bearing formations.     

The Role of Computational Intelligence in Sensory Evaluation

IntroductionComputationalintelligence(CI)isthestudyofthedesignofintelligentagents.Thedifferencebetweentraditionalartificialintelligence(AI)andCIisthatAIisbasedonconventionalhardcomputingwhereasCIisbasedonsoftcomputing(SC).Ineffect,therolemodelforsoftcomputingisthehumanmind.Theguidingprincipleofsoftcomputingis:exploitthetoleranceforimprecision,uncertaintyandpartialtruthtoachievetractability,robustnessandlowsolutioncost.Softcomputinghasrecentlybecomeahottopiconconferencesandinliterature.As…     

Preparation of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with a mutation of human factor Ⅸ in large scale and its expression in vitro and in vivo

A series of adeno-associated viral vectors containing a mutation of human factor Ⅸ (hFⅨR338A) with different regulation elements were constructed and used to transduce cell lines. The plasmids and the stable transduction cell clones with high expression level of hFⅨR338A were obtained by selecting and optimizing, and then, the recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with hFⅨR338A was prepared via novel rHSV/AAV hybrid virus packaging system on a large scale, which contained the capsid protein genes. A method for producing rAAV-hFⅨR338A viral stocks on a large scale and higher titer was established, which can be used for industrial purpose. The titer of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was more than 1.25×10¹² particle/mL, and then, a mammalian cell line, C2C12 and the factor Ⅸ knock-out mice were transfected with the rAAV-hFⅨR338A in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the high-level expression of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was achieved in cell line and hemophilia B mice. It reached at (2551.32±92.14) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 cell in vitro and had a peak concentration of 463.28 ng/mL in mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨR338A, which was as high as the expression of rAAV-hFⅨ-wt (2565.76±64.36) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 and 453.92 ng/mL in the mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨ-wt) in vitro and in vivo, there is no any difference between two groups, but the clotting activity of hFⅨR338A is about 2.46 times higher than that of hFⅨ-wt. It was first reported that a mutation of human factor Ⅸ was used into gene therapy research for hemophilia B, meanwhile, a novel packaging system, rAAV/HSV was used for preparation of rAAV-hFⅨR338A on a large scale, which laid the foundation of industrial production for applying rAAV viral stocks to gene therapy clinical trial for hemophilia B mediated with rAAV-hFⅨ.     

Depression and Emancipation——Two Representative Images of Victorian Women in View of Ernestina and Sarah

In the novel The French Lieutenant＇s Woman,the two major female role--Ernestina and Sarah,can be the representative images of Victorian women. Sarah＇s speech and behaviors reveal the spirit of emancipation and freedom,while Ernestina is the conservative and depressed women in that period. Through the analysis of them,the social values of Victorian period are presented clearly. This also reflects John Fowles＇attitude towards women.     

Bifurcation and Chaos in a Dynamical System of Rub-impact Rotor

ＢｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＣｈａｏｓｉｎａＤｙｎａｍｉｃａｌＳｙｓｔｅｍｏｆＲｕｂ┐ｉｍｐａｃｔＲｏｔｏｒ＊ＧｕＬｉｚｈｅｎ（顾丽珍），ＣｈｕＦｕｌｅｉ（褚福磊）＋，ＷａｎｇＸｕｊｕｎ（王旭军），ＴａｎｇＹｕｎ（唐云）ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｐｐ...     

Assessment： Reconsider its Role in Teaching and Learning

Teaching emphasizes what teachers do; learning emphasizes what pupils understand. Assessment emphasizes what pupils can show they know. The purposes for assessment are : diagnosis, evaluation, guidance, grading : selection and prediction. Assessment has two main functions: summative assessment and formative assessment. Formative assessment is used in the development or improvement of educational process. It‘ s the assessment for learning. Summative assessment is used in decision- making at the end of a educational process. It‘s the assessment of learning. Formative assessment enables teachers to gain detailed information on the difficulty for each student. Educational assessment should be best suited for its purpose for guiding the learning and teaching. Formative assessment should be high lightened and needs to be fixed in the teaching and learning process.     

Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase－2, －9, tissue inhibitor－1 of matrix metalloproteinase and CD44 variant 6 in head and neck cancer metastasis

This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism in tumor invasion and metastasis. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor-1 of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), cell adhesion molecule 44 variant 6 (CD44v6), HER2/neu and p53 was investigated in 154 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by ABC and ImmunoMax immunohistochemical method. Their clinical relevance and correlation were analysed. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, CD44v6, HER2/neu and p53 was found in cancer cells in 87.01%, 85.71%, 68.18%, 98.05%, 55.19% and 50.65% cases respectively. Linear regression and correlation analysis revealed that there was close positive relationship (P<0.05) between the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, TIMP-1 and CD44v6, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53. Up-regulation of MMP-2 was accompanied by advanced T stage (P<0.01). There was also a trend of MMP-2 expression being related with tumor metastasis. Increased expression of HER2/neu was found in patients with tumor recurrence(P<0.05). The expression of TIMP-1 was higher in laryngeal cancer than that in pharyngeal cancer, and higher in keratinizing and non-keratinizing SCC than that in basaloid SCC(P<0.05). These findings suggested that MMP-2 and MMP-9, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53 had a coordinate function in aggression of tumor; that MMP-2 had a more important function than MMP-9 in tumor invasion and metastasis; and that HER2/neu might serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in HNSCC.