Metabolic activity of adipose tissue in the goat during gestation and at the beginning of lactation]

In 5 French Alpine goats, omental adipose tissue acetyl-CoA carboxylase, glucose-6-phosphate deshydrogenase, malic enzyme and lipoprotein lipase activities significantly decreased during the third month of gestation, whereas plasma non-esterified fatty acid and triacyglycerol contents increased. This probably reflects an early decreasing rate of adipose tissue anabolism during gestation in the Goat. At the third week of lactation, anabolic activities relative to DNA content of adipose tissue were extremely low, and the tissue weight relative to DNA was lower than during gestation. Metabolic alterations of omental adipose tissue in early lactation do not seem to be related to milk production level. These results could contribute to a better control of the kinetic of body lipid stores during the reproductive cycle in high milk yielding ruminants.     

Proliferative activity of the rat adrenal cortex during the estrous cycle and at the end of gestation]

The cell proliferation in the female Rat adrenal cortex undergoes rhythmic modifications which appear to be related to the estrous cycle. Significant variations appear likewise at the end of pregnancy. Such fluctuations of the proliferative activity raise the question of a possible endocrine regulation.     

Maternal and fetal corticosteroids in the sow at the end of gestation]

Foetal and maternal blood samples are taken on the sow at the end of pregnancy. No variations in maternal cortisol are found, but plasma cortisol levels in the foetus, which are relatively constant between days 70 and 100 of pregnancy (10 to 20 ng/ml), increase suddenly at the end of pregnancy reaching a mean of 210 ng/ml at birth. This high increase of foetal corticosteroids at birth, similar to that found in other species (ewe, goat, etc.), probably plays a role in the mechanisms releasing parturition. It also permits us to understand the action of ACTH which induces premature birth when given to the pig foetus in the last days of pregnancy.     

The activities of citrate cleavage enzyme,acetyl-CoA synthetase and lipoprotein lipase in white and brown adipose tissue and the liver of the rat during development

Zusammenfassung Während der Rattenontogenese wurde die Aktivität des Citrat-Cleavage-Enzyms und der Acetyl-CoA-Synthetase in der Leber und im braunen und weissen Fettgewebe bestimmt. In allen Geweben wird die Aktivität vor der Geburt höher als nach der Geburt, wobei die Adultwerte nach dem 30. postnatalen Tag erreicht werden. Die Aktivität der Lipoproteinlipase ist im Säuglingsalter gross und sinkt nach der Entwöhnung ab.     

Changes in the level of ACTH in the fetal hypophysis. A study in the rat toward the end of gestation]

The isolated adrenal cell method for bioassay of ACTH was employed in order to determine the ACTH content of the hypophysis of the rat foetus, in late pregnancy. The ACTH concentration decreases between 17 days 8 h and 17 days 15 h, then it increases regularly until the term. This evolution is correlated with the change in the fluorescence intensity of the corticotrophs and with the modification of the adrenocortical activity.     

The effect of fasting,refeeding and meal eating on the ribonucleic acid content of adipose tissue in the rat

Zusammenfassung Durch experimentellen Hunger (48 bis 72 h) kommt es bei Ratten zu einer RNS-Minderung im mesentherialen, epididymalen und retroperitonealen Fettgewebe. Normale Fütterung oder Adaptation an beschränkte Fütterungsdauer (2 h pro Tag) führen zu einer Erhöhung des RNS-Gehaltes über die Normalwerte.     

The postnatal development of hormone sensitive lipase in brown and white adipose tissue of the rat

Zusammenfassung Die Aktivität hormonsensitiver Lipasen im weissen und braunen Fettgewebe der Ratte steigt zwischen dem 10. und 18. Tag nach der Geburt. Corticosteronzufuhr verursacht bei 10tägigen Ratten einen Aktivitätsanstieg. Adrenalin und Noradrenalin haben im braunen Fettgewebe keinen Effekt.     

Effect of thymectomy on lipoprotein lipase activity in the serum and the heart of rats

Zusammenfassung Entfernung der Thymusdrüse führt zu einer Abnahme des Gehaltes an Lipoprotein-Lipase in Serum und Herzmuskel der Ratte. Die Veränderung wird im Verlaufe der ersten 3 postoperativen Wochen als signifikant betrachtet.     

Adrenal gland growth of the ovine fetus in the end of gestation: evolution of DNA and of membrane proteins]

The adrenal weight of the ovine fetus increases dramatically during late pregnancy. This increase is achieved in three periods: one of DNA duplication between two phases of cellular hypertrophy. During cellular hypertrophy an important biosynthesis of membrane proteins is observed. This development concerns essentially the adrenal cortex.     

Ascorbic acid in brown adipose tissue: effect of cold acclimation and high intake of the vitamin

Summary The ascorbic acid content of brown adipose tissue increased 62% when rats underwent cold acclimation; however, the increase was 126% when rats living in the cold were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2% ascorbic acid. These findings suggest a role for ascorbic acid in this tissue during nonshivering thermogenesis.Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, publication No. 113.     

3'5'-Cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity in the internal and external layers of human myometrium at the end of pregnancy]

The hydrolysis of cAMP by phosphodiesterase was studied in whole homogenate from human myometrium at the end of the pregnancy before onset of labour. Tissue samples were taken from outer and inner layers of placental and anti-placental sites. Kinetic analysis shows in every case two apparent Km values for low and high cAMP concentrations in the order of 1 x 10(-5) M and 1 x 10(-4) M. On the other hand Vmax values are lower for the enzyme isolated from the placental site than for the one isolated from the anti-placental area. In the 4 zones studied, an appreciable proportion of the low Km enzyme is present.     

Selective effect of noradrenaline on superoxide dismutase activity in the brown adipose tissue and liver of the rat

Summary Noradrenaline treatment results in a significant increase of superoxide dismutase activity in the intrascapular brown adipose tissue but not in the liver.     

Cell kinetics and experimental rearrangement of daughter chromosomes at the end of mitotic division]

The action of hexamethylene-tetramine (HMT), which causes a late disorientation of the two sets of chromosomes during telophase in Allium sativum L. meristematic root cells, has not been found again, in the same material after synchronization by hydroxyurea. The explanation put forward takes into account the special feature of cells synchronized by chemical methods. Besides, the toxicity of HMT is not the same according to the stage of the cell cycle during the treatment.