腺梗豨莶提取物对脂多糖活化巨噬细胞释放一氧化氮的抑制作用

用脂多糖（LPS）诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7释放一氧化氮（NO）,Griess法测定培养上清中NO释放量并计算抑制率,MTT法测定细胞存活率评价药物的细胞毒性,以检测腺梗豨莶不同溶剂萃取部位对活化巨噬细胞释放炎症介质NO的抑制作用．结果表明,石油醚及乙酸乙酯部位对活化巨噬细胞释放NO的抑制作用明显强于正丁醇部位及水层,即石油醚及乙酸乙酯部位为腺梗豨莶抑制活化巨噬细胞释放NO的主要活性部位,半数抑制浓度（IC50）值分别为6．0和6．5μg·mL^-1,其作用强度优于该植物的主要活性成分奇壬醇（IC50为37．5μg·mL^-1）,推断该活性部位中应含有奇壬醇以外的其他活性化合物．以上结果为进一步阐明腺梗豨莶的抗炎作用物质基础提供了一定的理论基础．     

还阳参化学成分的分离及结构鉴定

研究还阳参Crepis tectorum Linn.根的化学成分。采用柱层析、高效液相色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,通过理化、核磁共振等现代波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。从还阳参根石油醚部分分离得到3个化合物,分别鉴定为二十六烷醇(Ⅰ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)、蒲公英醋酸酯(Ⅲ);从其乙酸乙酯部分分离得到2个化合物,鉴定为咖啡酸(Ⅳ)和伪蒲公英甾醇乙酸酯(Ⅴ)。     

短叶决明石油醚部位的化学成分分析

通过硅胶柱层析从短叶决明(Cassia leschenaultiana DC.)药材的石油醚部位分离得到19个油状流分,采用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用分析技术(GC-MS-DS)分别对它们的化学成分进行分析和鉴定。结果检出39个成分,确认了其中的28个成分。这些成分主要为脂肪烃成分,均为首次在该植物中分离鉴定。     

An aqueous extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan alters the labeling of blood constituents with Technetium-99m

The Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is a formula of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat asthma patients and has been shown to have several important properties,such as antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.The influence of an extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m was investigated.Anticoagulated blood(Wistar rats) was incubated with the extract,stannous chloride and technetium-99m,as sodium pertechnetate.Samples were centrifuged and aliquots of plasma and blood cells were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid,to obtain soluble and insoluble fractions of the blood constituents.The percentage of radioactivity(%ATI) in all the fractions was determined.The analysis of the results shows that the extract at the highest concentration used(70 mg/mL) decreased significantly(P<0.05) the %ATI(from 96.48 ± 1.19 to 54.46 ± 7.38) on blood cells compartment,(from 81.11 ± 4.15 to 61.33 ± 4.74) on insoluble fractions of blood cells and(from 65.91 ± 2.44 to 13.15 ± 3.62) on insoluble fractions of plasma.In conclusion,the results suggest that the substances present on this extract can alter this labeling process,probably due to(i) redox properties(antioxidant and chelator activities) and/or(ii) specific actions in the binding sites where the 99mTc would be bound on the blood constituents.As a consequence,precaution is suggested on the interpretation of the nuclear medicine results from performed with blood constituents labeled with 99m Tc in patients that have undertaken LWDHW,although the current findings were obtained in experimental animal models.     

Study on PTFE/Kevlar49/PA6 Composites

The mechanical properties and material volume fractions of PTFE/Kevlar49/PA6 composite are studied. The focus of this paper is to get the relationship between the volume fraction of three constituents and the mechanical properties of the composite by doing tensile, hardness and wear test. The effect of the constituent volume fractions was evaluated. Short Kevlar49 fibers reinforced PA6 （Polyamide 6） with PTFE filler were studied in five different combinations. The results of the experiments show that the mechanical properties increase with Keviar fibers increase, then they decrease after the Kevlar fiber volume reaches one number.     

重油催化裂化装置结焦原因分析及抑制措施

对胜利石化总厂催化裂化装置反应系统各部位焦块的组成和结焦原因进行了分析 ,提出了一系列抑制或减少结焦的措施。抑制或减少提升管进料喷嘴上方区域结焦的关键在于提高催化裂化进料的汽化率和改善催化剂的流动状况 ,保证催化剂有合适的预提升线速和密度。对于沉降器顶部和转油线部位 ,减少结焦的关键在于防止油气中易结焦组分的冷凝和缩短反应油气在这些部位的停留时间     

Electrorheological behavior of rare earth-doped barium titanate suspensions

Doping Y, La, Ce into barium titanate is found to be able to improve its electrorheological (ER) effect in DC electrical field. The yield stress of a typical doped barium titanate/silicone oil suspension is approximately 3.2 -*7〗kPa at 3.5 -*7〗kV/mm, which is 10 times larger than that of pure barium titanate/silicone oil suspensions. The ER effect increases with the decrease of ionic radius of rare earth (RE) dopant when RE concentration remains constant, and the suspensions exhibit a relatively high shear stress when Y, La, Ce mole fractions are 15%, 10%～15%, and 5%, respectively. Dielectric measurements show that the suitable doping with RE element increases dielectric loss of barium titanate and causes very marked dielectric relaxation at low frequency. By measuring X-ray diffraction patterns of doped barium titanate, it is considered that the occurrence of lattice distortion or defects may be responsible for the change of dielectric properties which results in the improvement of ER effect of barium titanate in DC electrical field.     

短切石英纤维增强含硅芳炔树脂泡沫性能研究

通过在含硅芳炔树脂（PSA）泡沫中加入不同质量分数的短切石英纤维（CQF）制备增强PSA泡沫，测试了增强PSA泡沫的压缩性能、介电性能、热稳定性以及微观形貌。结果表明：CQF的加入使PSA泡沫的泡孔变大，泡壁变薄，均匀性略微变差；当添加质量分数2%的CQF后，PSA泡沫的压缩性能得到提高，介电性能改善，介电常数略微增加，损耗角正切变小；添加CQF对PSA泡沫的热稳定性无影响。     

准周期光子晶体的态密度

本文研究了准晶光子晶体的局域态密度和全态密度.结果表明,准晶光子晶体的局域态密度分布具有和准晶光子晶体完全相同的对称性,带隙内光子晶体中的态密度很小,不同的准晶光子晶体的局域态密度随介电材料的占空比的变化是不同的,这对构造准晶光子晶体是非常重要的.准晶光子晶体的全态密度所显示的带隙和透过率显示的带隙的一致性表明准晶光子晶体在某种程度上是各向同性的.     

近无柄金丝桃中的口山酮类成分

 在细胞毒性试验结果指导下,同步对近无柄金丝桃(Hypericum subsessile N.Robson)全株的有效部位进行化学成分分离纯化,得6个口山酮类化合物,通过理化数据测定及波谱数据分析,鉴定了结构,分别是:2,3-二甲氧基口山酮(1),1,3-二羟基-5,6-二甲氧基口山酮(2),Toxyloxanthone B(3),Kielcorin(4),Candensin D(Hypericorin)(5)和Subalatin(6).化合物(1)～(6)均为首次从该植物中分离得到;同时,细胞毒试验发现,近无柄金丝桃的氯仿及乙酸乙酯提取物有一定细胞毒活性,其IC₅₀分别为8.8,14.6μg/mL.     

长柱十大功劳石油醚部位的化学成分分析

通过硅胶柱层析从长柱十大功劳（Mahonia duclouxiana Gagnep.）药材的石油醚部位中分离得到5个油状流份,采用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术（GC-MS-DS）分别对它们的化学成分进行分析和鉴定。结果检出50个成分,鉴定出其中41个成分,检出率为82%。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离鉴定。     

当归水提物化学成分的研究

目的:研究当归 (Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels)的化学成分.方法:采用大孔树脂和硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化,通过理化和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构.结果:从当归水提物的大孔树脂20～40%乙醇洗脱部分分离得到3个化合物,经理化和波谱分析鉴定为6,7-二羟基藁本内酯1 (Z-6,7-cis-dihydroxyligustilide)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯2 (bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)和布雷菲德菌素A 3 (brefeldin A).结论:化合物3为青霉菌属典型的代谢产物,有可能是当归根际真菌的代谢产物.     

冠瘤海鞘克生活性筛选及低极性组分GC-MS分析

为研究冠瘤海鞘（Styela canopus Savigny）的抗卤虫活性部位及有效成分,采用卤虫致死活性筛选模型,对冠瘤海鞘的提取物及甾体粗晶进行了生物活性测定,并采用GC-MS技术对石油醚相进行了成分分析.结果表明：乙醇提取物和各有机相均有明显克生活性,冠瘤海鞘甾体粗晶的克生活性是石油醚相的3.2倍;从冠瘤海鞘石油醚相中鉴定出12个化合物,主要为脂肪类和甾醇类化合物,而且冠瘤海鞘抗卤虫活性成分主要在乙酸乙酯相和石油醚相中,石油醚相中的甾醇类化合物是冠瘤海鞘的克生活性物质之一.     

一般型矩形介质波导色散特性分析

一、引言介质波导作为毫米波直到光频段传输线得到了广泛的应用,因而对其传输特性的研究具有重要意义。关于色散特性的研究已有等效介电常数法、模式匹配法和有限元法。等效介电常数法与模式匹配法的主要难点是对于较复杂的结构要求冗长的推导过程。而有限元法最终归结为线性代数方程组的求解,要得到高的精度,就必须增加方程组的阶数N,而计算量大约与N~2成正比。本文提出的方法将横向谐振和等效介电常数限制在有限区域,区域的边界对应于导体屏蔽或奇对称面、偶对称面、开介质波导分别为理想电壁、磁壁及电抗壁,分析过程基于网络方法,因而具有推导过程简单,适用范围广、计算量小并具有一定精     

白骨壤果实抗菌活性部位筛选及低极性成分GC-MS分析

【目的】研究白骨壤Avicennia mavina(Forsk.)Vierh.果实的抗菌活性部位及其有效成分。【方法】以6株致病菌为抗菌活性部位筛选模型,采用有机溶剂萃取法将白骨壤果实的乙醇提取物分为石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相和水相等不同极性部位,通过测定抑菌圈直径(Diameter of inhitition zone,DIZ)和最小杀菌浓度(Minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC)进行抗菌活性研究,并采用GC-MS技术对经过甲酯化后的石油醚相进行化学成分分析。【结果】白骨壤果实乙醇提取物的石油醚相对金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌和藤黄八叠球菌3株指示菌株表现出一定的抑菌活性;从白骨壤果实石油醚相中鉴定出19个化合物,主要为脂肪类,均为首次从白骨壤果实中鉴定出。【结论】白骨壤果实石油醚相具有良好的抗菌活性,其中的脂肪酸类是主要抗菌活性物质。     

鲁奇法焦油的气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱分析

采用玻璃毛细管色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用技术,分离、分析鲁奇法焦油(Ⅰ)(<330℃)的五个馏分,一共鉴定出197个组分,其中包括各种肪脂族、芳香族烃类以及含O,N及S的化合物。分析结果表明,Ⅰ的成分与高温焦油差别甚大,它含有较多的脂肪烃,而稠环芳娃较少。硅油类毛细管柱(非极性或弱极性)较适合于这类焦油的分析。     

超高频(UHF)范围内沉积岩的介电特性

本文给出了在实验室用同轴测量线装置测得的沉积岩岩石样品的介电常数,分析了取自胜利油田的三类岩石样品的测量结果。讨论了岩石介电常数与频率、孔隙度、孔隙水的矿化度等的关系,提出对不同岩石类别应取的介电常数值,给出了计算孔隙度公式。所得出的结论对电磁波传播测井曲线的解释和电磁波传播测井仪器的设计有一定意义。     

低介电聚酰亚胺的制备及研究进展

 介绍了近年来国内外低介电常数聚酰亚胺（PI）及其复合材料的制备方法,重点讨论了介孔氧化硅、二氧化硅管和多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）在降低PI 介电常数方面的应用,并对低介电常数聚酰亚胺材料的发展前景进行了展望,指出将多孔材料添加到PI 中,形成具有骨架结构的孔洞,所制备出的复合材料,具有较低介电常数的同时也有较好的力学性能,为低介电PI 材料的制备提供了一条新思路。     

Evolution of the atmosphere and oceans

The residence times of most constituents of the atmosphere and oceans are small fractions of the age of the Earth and, in general, their rate of output has been nearly equal to their rate of input. We are disturbing a number of these dynamic equilibria quite severely. The mineralogy of marine evaporites rules out drastic changes in the composition of sea water during the last 900 Myr. The chemistry of soils formed more than 1,000 Myr ago suggests that the atmosphere then contained significantly more CO2 and less O2 than at present. Hydrogen peroxide may well have been the principal oxidant and formaldehyde the main reductant in rain water between 3,000 and 1,000 Myr ago. Major changes in atmospheric chemistry since that time are almost certainly related to the evolution of the biosphere.     

柄果海桐化学成分研究

 在细胞毒试验结果指导下,采用萃取、柱层析、重结晶等方法,同步对柄果海桐(Pittosporum podocarpum Gagnep)枝叶粗提物的有效部位进行化学成分分离纯化得9个单体,通过理化数据测定及波谱数据分析鉴定了结构,分别是kielcorin(1),2,3-二甲氧基(口山)酮(2,3-dimethoxyxanthone,2),槲皮素-3,7-二甲氧基(quercitrin-3,7 -dimethoxy,3),木犀草素(luteolin,4),羽扇豆醇(lupeol,5),蜡酸(cerotic acid,6),二十八酸(1-octacosanic acid,7),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,8),胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,9).化合物1~9均为首次从该植物中分离得到.细胞毒试验发现其石油醚、氯仿及乙酸乙酯提取物有细胞毒活性,其IC₅₀分别为6.5,3.5,5.0 μg/mL.