RP-HPLC-PDAD法测定青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量

目的建立了青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的反相高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器(RP-HPLC-PDAD)定量分析方法。方法采用95%乙醇为溶剂超声提取,色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),柱温30℃。以甲醇∶水∶磷酸(88∶12∶0.15,v/v/v)为流动相等度洗脱,流速0.9 m L·min-1,采用光电二极管阵列检测器进行检测,检测波长210 nm。结果齐墩果酸进样量在0.1048~2.6200μg时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为96.9%,RSD为1.7%(n=9);熊果酸进样量在0.2304~5.7600μg时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为97.5%,RSD为1.5%(n=9)。结论方法准确,操作简便,数据可靠,可用于青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定滇丹参中丹参酮Ⅱ A的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定滇丹参中丹参酮ⅡA的含量。方法:采用ZORBAXSB-C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-水(75∶25);柱温25℃;检测波长270nm;流速1.0ml/min;进样量10μl。结果:丹参酮ⅡA在0.0041～0.410 0μg/L范围内线性关系好,r=0.9999(n=6),平均回收率为98.59%,RSD为1.05%。结论:该方法准确、快速、灵敏,可用于滇丹参的质量控制。     

HPLC法同时测定蒙药复方述达格-4中四个黄酮类成分的含量

建立同时测定蒙药复方述达格-4中山奈酚、高良姜素、山奈素、高良姜素-3-甲醚含量的方法.采用HPLC法,色谱柱为AgilentC18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.2%乙酸水溶液(梯度洗脱),流速0.6mL·min-1,检测波长254nm,柱温30℃,进样量为10μL.得出山奈酚、高良姜素、山奈素和高良姜素-3-甲醚线性范围分别为0.00067-0.00670μg(r=0.9999)、0.5240-5.2400μg(r=0.9999)、0.1484-1.4840μg(r=0.9999)、0.0996-0.9960μg(r=0.9999);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD2%;平均加样回收率分别为96.79%(RSD=1.70%,n=6)、97.38%(RSD=1.59%,n=6)、100.96%(RSD=1.49%,n=6)、97.01%(RSD=1.50%,n=6).结果表明该方法操作简便、稳定、重复性好,可用于蒙药复方述达格-4中4个黄酮成分含量的测定.本研究可为蒙药复方述达格-4资源开发利用提供理论依据.     

HPLC法测定金不换各部位中大黄酸、大黄素含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定河南栽培金不换中大黄酸、大黄素的含量,色谱柱为Hy-persilC18柱(250mm×4.6mm×5μm),流动相:甲醇∶0.25%磷酸(体积比80∶20),流速:1.1mL/min,检测波长为436nm.结果:大黄酸在0.154～1.54μg/mL、大黄素在0.412～2.06μg/mL范围内其峰面积积分值与质量浓度之间呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 6和0.999 9),平均回收率分别为100.2%、99.87%(n=6),RSD分别为1.47%、2.1%.该方法简便、准确,可用于金不换中大黄酸、大黄素含量的测定.     

藏药二十一味寒水石丸中的总鞣质、没食子酸和鞣花酸的含量测定

目的:建立二十一味寒水石丸中总鞣质、没食子酸和鞣花酸的含量测定方法.方法:以干酪素作为吸附剂,碱性条件下显色,以磷钼钨酸为氧化剂,用紫外可见分光光度法测定鞣质含量;采用HPLC法同时测定没食子酸和鞣花酸的含量.使用迪马Diamonsil-2 C18(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈--0.1磷酸水梯度洗脱,体积流量分别为1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃;检测波长270nm,测定.结果:以没食子酸计的鞣质含量在0.5~5μg?ml-1的范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9991),平均回收率为95.77%,RSD为0.70%(n=6);没食子酸在0.32~1.6μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.70%,RSD为1.01%(n=9),鞣花酸在0.372~.1.86μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.63%,RSD为0.75%(n=9).结论:本方法准确、可靠简便,具有较强专属性,可用于常用藏药二十一味寒水石丸中总鞣质、没食子酸和鞣花酸的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定中江丹参植株不同部位丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮Ⅱ的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定丹参植株中不同部位丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮Ⅱ两种脂溶性成分的含量。方法:采DiamonsilTM C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-水(84:16),柱温:35℃,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长268 nm。结果:在此色谱条件下2种成分可完全分离。丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮Ⅱ的线性范围分别为0.000 51～0.10μg(r=0.999 9),0.002 9～0.058μg(r=0.999 7)。平均回收率丹参酮Ⅰ为98.7%(RSD为1.2%),丹参酮Ⅱ为100.2%(RSD为1.7%)。实验结果可为中江丹参植株地上部位的开发利用提供科学依据。     

HPLC测定乌药叶中槲皮素的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱测定乌药叶中槲皮素含量的方法。方法:色谱柱(ZORBAX ECLIPSE XDB-C18,150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇∶0.4%磷酸=50∶50为流动相,流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长:360 nm,柱温:30℃。结果:槲皮素在0.129μg～1.29μg内线性关系良好(r2>0.9999);重复性RSD为4.2%;平均加样回收率为101.0%,RSD为2.37%。结论:该方法专属性强,简便快捷,结果准确,可用作乌药叶槲皮素的含量测定。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定苯甲酰氯的含量

建立了毛细管气相色谱内标法测定苯甲酰氯的含量测定方法,用HP-5(30m×0.32mm×0.25μm)毛细管气相色谱柱,FID检测器,三氯甲烷为溶剂,以正十一烷为内标进行气相色谱测定.苯甲酰氯在0.25324-0.42285μg/μL(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好线性关系;平均回收率为99.75%,RSD为1.28%.     

HPLC法测定刺五加软胶囊中异嗪皮啶的含量

目的建立刺五加软胶囊中异嗪皮啶的含量方法。方法采用Diamonsil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相:乙腈-0.1%冰醋酸溶液(20:80),检测波长:345nm。结果异嗪皮啶对照品在0.0406～0.4060μg范围内有良好线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.52%,RSD=0.72%(n=6)。结论该法操作简便、准确、重现性好,可作刺五加软胶囊中异嗪皮啶的质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷的含量

目的:建立了肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷的含量测定方法.方法:采用Kromasil C18.(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,流速1ml/min.流动相:甲醇-水(含磷酸0.04%)为35:65;检测波长为331nm;柱温35℃.结果:麦角甾苷在0.068-2.72μg范内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(回归方程为A=192.57C-2.896,r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.7%,RSD为1.41%(n=5).结论:本方法简便、重现性良好、结果准确可靠.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.