影响金针菇多酚氧化酶活性因素研究

目的 从金针菇中提取多酚氧化酶,并对其特性进行研究.方法 采用分光光度法研究温度、pH、抑制剂对金针菇多酚氧化酶活力的影响.结果 以邻苯二酚为底物,金针菇多酚氧化酶(Polyphenoloxidase fromFlammulina velutipes,FVPPO)的酶促褐变产物在可见光波长295 nm处有最大吸收峰;在pH为5.0～6.0范围内酶活力较大;在20～40℃的范围内随着温度升高,酶活性逐渐增强;在40℃时PPO活性最强;抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、EDTA-2Na对金针菇多酚氧化酶的活性都有抑制作用,在同浓度下,对金针菇PPO活性的抑制效果次序为抗坏血酸>柠檬酸>EDTA-2Na.结论 金针菇多酚氧化酶的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为40℃,抗坏血酸对金针菇PPO活性的抑制作用最强.     

香水梨中多酚氧化酶的活性研究

以磷酸盐作为缓冲液。提取梨中多酚氧化酶的粗酶液。以邻苯二酚为底物。用分光光度法研究了多酚氧化酶作用的最适条件以及一些化学试剂对酶活性的影响．结果表明：香水梨中多酚氧化酶酶促反应的适宜温度为25℃,最适pH值为5．0。半胱氨酸、维生素C为较好的抑制剂,柠檬酸对多酚氧化酶的抑制作用随浓度不同而不同．     

黄花梨多酚氧化酶特性及防褐变处理

从黄花梨中提取多酚氧化酶,并对其特性进行研究.以邻苯二酚为底物采用分光光度法测定了不同pH值、温度、底物浓度、酶浓度及抑制剂对PPO活性影响.结果表明:黄花梨PPO具有同工酶.黄花梨PPO的最适pH值为6.0,最适温度为25℃,并在此基础上考察了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、亚硫酸氢钠和L-半胱氨酸对PPO的褐变抑制效果.     

菊芋多酚氧化酶的酶学性质

为了解菊芋提取物氧化变色的机理,用分光光度法分别研究了以邻苯二酚为底物的酶促褐变反应动力学和pH值、温度、底物浓度、酶浓度对该反应的影响,以及不同底物对多酚氧化酶活性的影响,揭示了菊芋多酚氧化酶(PPO)的基本酶学性质.结果表明:菊芋PPO催化邻苯二酚氧化反应的最适pH值为4.8,最适温度为35℃;菊芋PPO的热稳定性差,85℃以上加热处理5min就可使其大部分失活;菊芋PPO酶促褐变反应动力学符合米氏方程所描述的规律,相应的动力学参数Km=0.013 mol/L,Vmax=7.5 mmol/s.菊芋PPO的活性随酶浓度的增加而增大,酶的添加量超过0.8mL后,增速逐步减小;菊芋多酚氧化酶对邻位多酚的氧化具有专一性.     

刺嫩芽中多酚氧化酶活性的影响因素研究

研究了pH、温度以及抑制剂与激活剂对从新鲜刺嫩芽中提取出的多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性的影响,及温度对其热稳定性的影响.结果表明：以邻苯二酚为底物,该酶的最适pH为4.4,在pH 4.0-4.8内有较高的稳定性;最适温度为12.5℃,在30℃以上失活;70℃热处理90 s可以钝化PPO的活性;抗坏血酸（Vc）,L-Cys对PPO有抑制作用,SDS对PPO有激活作用.     

多孔菌（Polyporus）多酚氧化酶的性质研究

研究了多孔菌（PoLyporus）多酚氧化酶的产酶曲线及酶作用最适条件;结果表明在该培养条件下,多孔菌第12天达产酶高峰,峰值酶活为529μ/ml,酶作用的最适PH值为6.0,最酶解温度为30℃,Mg^2 对漆酶有激活作用,而Ag^ 、Cl^-则能明显无抑止漆酶活性。     

超声处理钝化鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶动力学研究

研究了超声处理对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化效果,并采用一级动力学分析了超声功率(240 ～600W)、温度(30 ～50℃)对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化动力学影响.结果表明,鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的最适温度是30℃,随着热处理时间的延长酶活逐渐下降.超声功率、时间、温度都能显著影响钝化多酚氧化酶的效果,随着超声功率的增加、时间的延长以及温度的升高,超声处理对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化效应越大.苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化符合一级反应动力学模型,随着功率和温度的升高,k值上升,D值下降.超声处理降低了多酚氧化酶的热敏感性.     

白腐菌多酚氧化酶研究

研究了彩绒革盖菌、多孔菌和毛栓菌多酚氧化酶的产酶曲线，及酶作用的最适pH值、最适酶解温度对酶活的影响．结果表明，来自不同白腐菌的多酚氧化酶其产酶曲线不同，酶的特性也有差别．     

中华管鞭虾多酚氧化酶生化特性研究

对中华管鞭虾中多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性及其影响因素进行研究,讨论了最适反应温度、pH、特异性底物及其酶动力学性质,激活剂对酚氧化酶的激活作用,抑制剂对酚氧化酶的抑制作用。结果表明:中华管鞭虾酚氧化酶的最适反应温度为45℃,最适反应pH为8.0;十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对PPO的激活作用最大,其次为胰凝乳酶和β-葡聚糖,激活率分别为71.9%、62.4%和33.4%;4-己基间苯二酚对PPO抑制作用最强。     

甘蔗多酚氧化酶酶学特性及应用研究

对甘蔗多酚氧化酶(PPO)进行提取和部分纯化,研究了PPO的酶学特性.结果表明:以邻苯二酚为底物,甘蔗PPO酶促反应米氏常数Km为54.4 mmol/L,米氏方程:V=1250[S]/(54.4+[S]).蔗汁中邻位多酚类物质是甘蔗PPO的最适反应底物.最适反应条件为:pH值6.2,40℃;该酶在pH5.8和温度低于3℃0时较稳定.试验了6种甘蔗PPO抑制剂:单独使用柠檬酸、草酸、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对PPO活力抑制效果不明显;70 mg/L亚硫酸氢钠、110 mg/L抗坏血酸、120 mg/L硫代硫酸钠可完全抑制PPO活力.现行甘蔗提汁的浸渗工艺较适合蔗汁酶促褐变反应,应作相应的调整.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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