脑电信号中肌电伪差的实时去除方法研究

为了在线去除脑电信号中的肌电伪差,使用典型相关分析方法,分析了大量被肌电干扰和未被干扰的脑电(EEG)信号,得出了一个合理的自相关阈值.在时域上,肌电伪差和一般的噪声信号比较类似,有比较小的自相关值,在去除肌电伪差时,凡自相关值低于此值的分解成分被识别为肌电伪差.该方法很好地利用了这个特点,将肌电伪差分量与潜在大脑信号分离,然后依据剩下的分解成分重建"干净"的EEG信号.实验结果表明,典型相关分析法在去除肌电伪差时优于独立成分分析法,结合提出的自相关阈值在有效去除肌电伪差的同时,又能较好地保持潜在的大脑信号不变.     

基于扩展Informax算法的脑电信号伪差分离研究

提出了一种基于扩展Informax算法的脑电伪差检测和分离方法，首先应用扩展Informax算法将脑电信号分解为相互独立的分量，并计算其解混矩阵和混合矩阵，通过分析分解结果发现；脑电信号中的伪差成分总是作为一到两个独立分量被分解出来，并且这些分量的空间分布与特定伪差类型相对应，因此，根据混合矩阵提取独立分量的空间分布特征，即可检测出伪差成分，进而重构出无伪差的脑电信号，分离眨眼伪差的实验结果也充分证明了这一方法的有效性。     

基于EEG与EOG信号的疲劳驾驶状态综合分析

疲劳驾驶时,司机的脑电信号和眼电信号特征均发生显著变化,本文针对这两类信号进行分析研究,利用这两类数据综合分析判断司机是否处于疲劳驾驶状态.首先对采集的脑电信号进行小波包分解,提取信号中的α波,并计算其相对功率谱P;然后利用Pearson相关系数分析两路对称导联F7,F8中眨眼信号特征,去除干扰;最后利用BP神经元网络对眨眼信号进行识别,计算眨眼频率.结果表明,利用眼电信号和脑电信号特征综合分析司机眨眼动作,能准确识别出眨眼信号,并能正确检测人的驾驶疲劳状态的变化.     

基于EEG与EOG信号的疲劳驾驶状态综合分析

疲劳驾驶时,司机的脑电信号和眼电信号特征均发生显著变化,本文针对这两类信号进行分析研究,利用这两类数据综合分析判断司机是否处于疲劳驾驶状态.首先对采集的脑电信号进行小波包分解,提取信号中的α波,并计算其相对功率谱P;然后利用Pearson相关系数分析两路对称导联F7,F8中眨眼信号特征,去除干扰;最后利用BP神经元网络对眨眼信号进行识别,计算眨眼频率.结果表明,利用眼电信号和脑电信号特征综合分析司机眨眼动作,能准确识别出眨眼信号,并能正确检测人的驾驶疲劳状态的变化.     

实时脑电信号眼电伪差去除方法的研究

基于信号的小波包分解方法 ,提出了一种实时性好、滤波效果佳的脑电信号眼电伪差去除的新方法 .该算法在采用小波包分析将脑电信号在频域做精细划分的基础上 ,用统计学的理论选取阈值 ,对信号的特定成分进行选择性滤波 ,并选用与眼电 (EOG)伪差相关度最大的FP1作为参考信号 ,来避免算法本身引入的新伪差 ,以达到快速有效去除眼电伪差的效果 .试验结果表明 ,相对于其他几种常用的算法 ,本算法不仅具有更好的去伪效果 ,而且运算速度也比独立分量分析 (ICA)算法快 2～ 3倍 ,具有良好的临床应用前景     

多参考信号的ICA方法及其在去除脑电伪差中应用

为消除脑电信号中的心电、眼电等伪差,在已有的不动点算法和带参考信号的独立分量分析算法的基础上,提出了一种多参考信号的独立分量分析方法.该方法通过计算各伪差在各路观测信号中的比重,去除伪差对观测信号的影响,从而得到较为纯净的脑电信号,所提方法相对于传统的fast ICA算法具有更小的计算量,并且不需要对分离的独立源进行人工干预,同时也是对ICA-R算法的一种扩展,解决了其只能提取单路源信号的缺点.仿真实验证明该方法更切合实际情况,而且能够更加有效地去除脑电信号中的多个伪差.     

基于独立成分分析和流形学习的眼电伪差去除

针对眼电伪差严重干扰脑电(EEG)信号的理解和分析的问题,提出了一种新的方法用于实时地去除脑电中的眼电伪差.该方法使用独立成分分析(ICA)分解EEG信号,提取独立成分的地形图和功率谱作为特征,并采用基于模板的Isomap算法降低特征的维数.将新的特征样本送到分类器中以识别眼电伪差独立分量,几个典型分类器的分类结果显示,基于模板的Isomap算法结合使用最近邻算法进行分类时,识别伪差的正确率最高.实验结果表明,提出的方法在有效去除眼电伪差的同时,很好地保留了大脑神经信号,也证明了新的Isomap算法用于眼电伪差特征的降维的有效性.     

小波包分解结合异常值检测自动去除眼电中眨眼干扰的方法

为减少有用眼电信号的损失,提出一种小波包分解和异常值检测(WPT-OD)去除眨眼信号的新方法. 该算法首先利用小波包方法将原始信号进行分解,得到低频分量进行重构;然后应用异常值检测中三种常用的准则,即肖维勒准则、 皮尔斯准则和修正箱线图法确定眨眼信号的区域,并将该区域置零. 实验发现,WPT-OD的平均正确率达到98.9％,其中修正箱线图法效果最好,其去眨眼信号与原始信号相关性高达95.33%,损失率仅为4.17%. 实验表明：WPT-OD算法能够准确地确定无意识眨眼的起点和终点,可保留更多的有用信号且与原始信号的相关性强.     

基于独立分量分析的眼电伪迹去除方法研究

脑电信号极易受到眼电信号的干扰,这会导致脑电信号处理结果与实际情况发生较大的偏差,因此,去除包含于脑电信号中的眼电成分是信号预处理的一个重要操作。研究了独立成分分析理论及概要模型,提出一种基于Informax的优化ICA方法,对混入脑电信号中的眼电信号进行辨别、分离、重构,实验结果表明该方法能够准确地从混合信号中区分出眼电伪迹的独立成分,进而实现对原脑电信号的特征增强。     

临床脑电信号预处理中的时空滤波器设计

临床上提倡病床边进行各类检测,这样可以方便病人,减轻其痛苦.但是病床边采集的脑电信号易受各类噪声和干扰的影响,往往影响后面的分析效果.为了有效去除临床脑电信号的噪声和干扰,设计了一种时空滤波器,分两个阶段对脑电信号进行滤波预处理:第一个阶段是时域滤波,用传统的带通滤波器实现;第二个阶段是空域滤波,用基于独立分量分析(ICA)的空域滤波器实现.实验结果表明临床脑电数据的常见干扰如工频干扰、眼动、肌电干扰、心电干扰等均能有效地被单独或同时去除.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~