激光视觉机器人焊接中同时标定摄像机和手眼关系的方法

摄像机和机器人手眼标定是视觉机器人应用中的重要组成部分。针对激光视觉机器人焊接,根据机器人手眼矩阵和机器人末端对基坐标系的位姿矩阵的特定关系,提出了一种同时标定摄像机和机器人手眼的方法。用所设计的标定物对此方法进行标定试验,由非线性最小二乘优化法求解待标定的参数。从焊缝上取20个样点,利用标定结果恢复其三维空间坐标,并与实际三维坐标对比,平均误差为0.12mm,满足焊缝跟踪要求。     

机器人定点变位姿手-眼标定方法

在自由度冗余的机器人末端连杆上安装激光位移传感器可实现灵活的非接触测量。针对该机器人的手-眼标定问题,提出了一种定点变位姿标定方法(FPDP)方法。该方法采用多次改变机器人位姿对同一点进行测量,并利用机器人运动学方程和最小二乘原理,快速计算机器人末端坐标系与激光位移传感器坐标系的齐次变换矩阵。基于此标定方法,实现了机器人对凹坑深度的测量。实验结果表明,定点变位姿手-眼标定方法有效、快速,可用于三峡水轮机叶片蚀面检测。     

双E型膜弹性体六维力传感器静态标定及其性能分析

六维力传感器的静态标定是其在智能机器人应用中准确测量的前提,以双E型膜弹性体六维力传感器为例,设计了静态标定试验,测试了6路静态标定数据,计算并分析了其静态性能指标;并通过采用最小二乘方法进行拟合,得到了维间耦合关系斜率矩阵﹒这是六维力传感器通过耦合分析来进一步提高精度的必要途径﹒     

基于工业机器人工具参数标定的研究与实现

本文介绍了工业机器人工具坐标系标定的六点法,该方法实现了工业机器人工具坐标系的精确标定。工业机器人工具坐标系的标定,就是确定工具坐标系相对于工业机器人末端坐标系的齐次转换矩阵,由此计算出工具的位姿参数。根据此算法进行标定结果和实际工具参数对比,精度达到了±0.3mm以上。实际的应用试验表明该方法是一种操作简便、精度较高的系统工具参数标定方法,能完全满足工业上实际应用的要求。     

激光视觉机器人焊接中摄像机和手眼的同时标定

摄像机和机器人手眼标定是视觉机器人应用中的重要问题.文中针对激光视觉机器人焊接的具体应用系统,提出了一种同时标定摄像机和机器人手眼的方法.该方法依据机器人手眼矩阵和机器人手爪对基坐标系位姿矩阵之间的特定关系,进行一次标定实验而同时求解出摄像机参数和机器人手眼关系矩阵.此方法简单、实用、快捷,避免了传统方法复杂的实验和解答过程.计算结果表明,标定精度能满足机器人焊缝跟踪的应用要求.     

一种机器人多维光纤光栅力传感器

为实现机器人腕部等结构的多维力传感测量,提出了一种多维光纤光栅力传感器,其弹性体结构主要由2个圆环及4个弓形梁构成,并将光纤光栅分别贴于弓形梁上以实现多维传感.同时,对传感器的理论计算模型及传感原理进行推导,采用有限元分析软件对其弹性体进行力学仿真分析.为进一步分析传感器的基本特性,搭建实验平台并进行了传感器的标定实验.结果表明:所提传感器能准确、有效地完成多维力传感测量,在压力载荷作用下具有良好的线性、重复性和一致性,且灵敏度较高、稳定性较好、抗干扰能力强,能够在恶劣环境下使用.     

冶炼机器人位姿标定及运行可靠性

对冶炼用CS-1双臂工业机器人现场使用中的位姿标定及运行可靠性进行了研究．提出了一种简便有效的现场标定计算模型和标定方法对机器人进行位姿标定,由标定变换矩阵补偿同一测点的实际值和计算值的误差,可同时减少机器人定位误差和由臂杆几何参数偏差所引起的运动误差,显著提高需进行连续路径控制的机器人的现场定位精度和位置跟踪精度．此外,提出了用增加机器人现有硬件的冗余功能和设置敏感器件的替代功能以提高机器人现场运行可靠性的方法．实践证明,该方法能提高恶劣环境下易失效部件的可靠度,进而提高机器人的整机使用性能     

三向力传感器标定算法的实验研究

为研究三向力传感器标定算法的有效性,设计一种非对称结构的三向力传感器,并对该传感器采用单向加载的方式进行大样本标定实验,将实验数据代入标定算法,得到该三向力传感器的标定表达式.再对传感器多次进行空间任意方向力加载,记录加载力大小和方向角,将加载时的三个应变输出代入三向力传感器标定表达式,得到标定结果.通过将标定结果与实际加载值进行比较,得出三向力传感器的标定误差.实验结果表明:该三向力传感器标定算法具有一定的标定精度.     

计算机辅助外科中手术与计划空间标定以及视觉空间的误差校正

计算机辅助外科(CAS)系统中,多空间集成在一起,为了提高系统的操作精度,需要有效的标定方法校正空间之间的误差.利用机器人上特征在导航系统中视觉空间的运动误差,建立视觉空间与机器人空间的映射关系,递归校正两空间之间的局部转换矩阵.利用局部转换矩阵建立优化方程,求取全局最优转换矩阵.该方法对所有动态、静态误差进行校正.针对手术与计划空间中存在的耦合误差,利用设计的特殊结构力传感器和标定块解耦标定其误差,并根据求取的转换矩阵,调整计划空间中对象的位姿,保证计划空间与手术空间中的对象位姿一致.实验结果表明,动态标定方法可以使视觉空间中的全局误差减少到5个像素,力控标定方法可以使位置误差减小到0.25mm,姿态误差减小到0.1°.     

一种6-THHT并联机器人位姿检测方法

为了实时给出6-THHT并联机器人的末端执行器的精确位姿,该文对一种能覆盖并联机构全工作空间的附加中心轴测量装置的多传感器检测技术进行了系统研究.利用D-H矩阵建立测量模型并设计了求解算法,结合实验获得的测量机的6个运动链参数,计算出某一时刻末端执行器的实际位姿状态.该检测装置已成功应用于并联机构结构参数的标定,以其作为控制系统的反馈环节,可为并联机器人的大闭环控制提供依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~