The metabolism of the soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane in the rat

The soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (I) undergoes hydrolysis in the rat to a series of epoxide metabolites. Alkylation of glutathione by these epoxides produces 2 urinary metabolites identified as the mercapturic acids VI (R=COCH3) and VII (R-COCH3). Hydrolysis of the epoxides produces the male antifertility agents alpha-chlorohydrin (IX, X-Cl) and alpha-bromohydrin (IX, X-Br) which are oxidatively metabolized to oxalic acid (XII), thus causing renal damage. These metabolic pathways can explain the toxic nature of the fumigant as a carcinogen, a male chemosterilant and as an agent causing kidney damage.     

The metabolism of the soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane in the rat

Summary The soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (I) undergoes hydrolysis in the rat to a series of epoxide metabolites. Alkylation of glutathione by these epoxides produces 2 urinary metabolites identified as the mercapturic acids VI (R=COCH₃) and VII (R=COCH₃). Hydrolysis of the epoxides produces the male antifertility agentsa-chlorohydrin (IX, X=Cl) anda-bromohydrin (IX, X=Br) which are oxidatively metabolized to oxalic acid (XII), thus causing renal damage. These metabolic pathways can explain the toxic nature of the fumigant as a carcinogen, a male chemosterilant and as an agent causing kidney damage.This work was supported in part by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.     

The in vivo and in vitro formation of 2-amino-3-hydroxyacetophenone from 2-aminoacetophenone

Zusammenfassung Nach Verabreichung von 2-Aminoacetophenon an Ratten wurde 2-Amino-3-hydroxyacetophenon aus dem Urin isoliert und identifiziert. In-vitro-Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass Lebermikrosomen 2-Aminoacetophenon zu 2-Amino-3-hydroxyacetophenon hydroxylieren.     

The isolation and identification of 2-amino-3-hydroxyacetophenone from the urine of rats

Zusammenfassung 2-Amino-3-hydroxyacetophenon wurde aus Rattenharn nach Verabreichung vonl-Tryptophan isoliert und identifiziert.     

Effects of the optical isomers of 2-amino-3-fluoro-1-phenylpropane (monofluoroamphetamine) hydrochloride on uptake and release of dopamine in rat striatum in vitro

Summary The (+)- and (–)-isomers of the monofluorinated amphetamine 2-amino-3-fluoro-1-phenylpropane were prepared and compared for their ability to stimulate release and to inhibit reuptake of radiolabelled dopamine from rat striatal tissue in vitro. The (+)-isomer was much stronger than the (–)-isomer in both cases.Financial support for this project was supplied by the Medical Research Council of Canada, the Alberta Mental Health Research Fund and the Special Services and Research Committee, University of Alberta Hospital.Acknowledgments. Skilled technical assistance was provided by Ms L. Hiob. The authors also wish to thank Dr W.G. Dewhurst, Department of Psychiatry, and Dr D.F. LeGatt, for their advice and comments.     

Autoradiographic localization of testosterone-3H in the female rat brain and estradiol-3H in the male rat brain

Zusammenfassung Eine halbe Stunde nach der i.v. Injektion wurde Testosterone-³H von den Nerven- und Glialzellen innerhalb des Gehirns der weiblichen Ratte und Estradiol-³H innerhalb des Gehirns der männlichen Ratte aufgenommen. Zwei Stunden nach der Injektion war die Aufnahme in hohem Masse nur noch in gewissen Teilen des hypothalamisch-limbischen Systems vorhanden.

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This investigation was supported by grants from NASA (No. NsG 496) and the John A. Hartford Foundation to Dr.H.-L. Teuber, and from the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission to Dr.J. Altman, both of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the work was performed while the author was at M.I.T.     

Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone and 2-hydroxy-ethylhydrazine

Zusammenfassung Die MAO-hemmende Aktivität von 3-Amino-2-Oxazolidinon und von 2-Hydroxy-Äthylhydrazin wird beschrieben.     

The role of the kidney in gastrin metabolism in the rat

Résumé Les taux moyens de sécrétion d'acide gastrique due à l'injection par voie i.v. du SHGI et de gastrine bovine brute ont été sensiblement plus élevées et les périodes de réaction plus longues chez les rats testés que chez les rats de contrôle. Aucune différences significative n'a été observée ni dans le taux moyen de sécrétion acide ni dans la période de réaction chez les deux types de rats, après injection d'histamine dihydrochloride.

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The authors are grateful to M.R.C. London for the SHGI sent to M.O.O. The work has been made possible by a fund from the University of Ibadan Senate Research Grant given to M.O.O.     

The metabolism of 3-hydroxytyramine-1-C14 in brain tissue homogenates

Zusammenfassung Homogenate aus Gehirn wurden mit 3-Hydroxytyramine-1-C¹⁴ inkubiert. Als Stoffwechselprodukt wurde aus der sauren Fraktion radioaktive 3,4-Dioxyphenylessigsäure isoliert. Aus der basischen Fraktion wurden drei radioaktive Zonen papierchromatographisch isoliert. Die erste Zone konnte noch nicht identifiziert werden. Die zweite wurde als 3-Hydroxytyramin und die dritte als 3-Methoxytyramin erkannt. Die mögliche Rolle der Stoffwechselprodukte von 3-Hydroxytyramin beim Parkinson-Syndrom wird diskutiert.

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This study was supported in part by United States Public Health Service Grant M 2717.The authors are grateful toR. J. Floody, M. D. of Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., for providing us with iproniazid.     

LSD: The distribution of [3H]LSD in the reproductive system of the male rat and placental transfer in the female rat

Summary After administration of [³H]LSD to male rats, radioactivity was present in all tissues of the reproductive system, notably associated with spermatozoa in the epididymis. In addition, in pregnant rats LSD and/or metabolites readily crossed the placental barrier.     

Effects of selective dopamine D1 and D2 antagonists on male rat sexual behavior

The effects of selective dopamine (DA) D1 and D2 antagonists on male rat sexual behavior were investigated. The D1 antagonist (+)SCH-23390, 25-100 micrograms kg-1 s.c. -20 min, and the D2 antagonist raclopride, 0.1-1.6 mg kg-1 s.c., -20 min, decreased both the number of mounts and intromissions preceding ejaculation. No statistically significant effects in the time up to ejaculation or in the time up to the first intromission were noted, whereas both compounds produced a statistically significant increase in the post-ejaculatory interval. The effect can generally be characterized as psychomotor inhibition, and no evidence was obtained for a specific role of DA D1 or D2 receptors in the mediation of male rat sexual behavior.     

Effects of selective dopamine D1 and D2 antagonists on male rat sexual behavior

Summary The effects of selective dopamine (DA) D₁ and D₂ antagonists on male rat sexual behavior were investigated. The D₁ antagonist (+)SCH-23390, 25–100 g kg^–1 s.c. –20 min, and the D₂ antagonist raclopride, 0.1–1.6 mg kg^–1 s.c., –20 min, decreased both the number of mounts and intromissions preceding ejaculation. No statistically significant effects in the time up to ejaculation or in the time up to the first intromission were noted, whereas both compounds produced a statistically significant increase in the post-ejaculatory interval. The effect can generally be characterized as psychomotor inhibition, and no evidence was obtained for a specific role of DA D₁ or D₂ receptors in the mediation of male rat sexual behavior.The expert technical assistance of Ms Elisabeth Wallin is gratefully acknowledged. The figures were skilfully prepared by Ms Madelene Kröning at the Department of Psychology. This study received support from the Bank of Sweden tercentenary Foundation, The Swedish MRC and Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren Foundation.     

(S)-3-p-Methoxyphenyl-3-acetylaminopropan-1-ol, a New Metabolite of an Actinomycete.

(S)-3-p-methoxyphenyl-3-acetamidopropan-1-ol was isolated from cultures of an actinomycete (Streptomyces michiganensis). Its structural determination by spectroscopic means and its synthesis are described.