闽南语族群头面部9项遗传指标的人类学研究

对福建漳州地区闽南语族群的头面部9项遗传指标进行调查,采取随机抽样的方法对总计382例中学生(男212例、女170例)进行9项遗传学指标(内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、头发类型)的研究,分析了这些遗传学指标相互间的关系,并与我国部分省份群体的9项遗传学指标进行比较.结果表明闽南语族群的上眼睑褶皱出现率与鼻梁类型方面的性别差异存在统计学意义;在与我国各族群的比较中,闽南语族群的有内眦褶率、上眼睑褶皱率、有耳垂率、额头发际有尖率处于中等水平,凸鼻梁率、突下颏率和卷发率处于较高水平,铲形门齿率和窄鼻孔率处于较低水平;9对性状的两两相关性分析结果表明,下颏类型-内眦褶、鼻孔形状-上眼睑褶皱、头发类型-门齿类型、下颏类型-鼻孔形状间的相关性具有统计学意义.     

广东梅州地区客家人9项人类群体遗传学指标的研究

为探究广东省梅州地区客家人9项头面部遗传学指标,应用随机群体抽样方法法,对该地区203名中学生(男68名,女135名)9项人类群体遗传学指标(内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、头发类型)进行研究,分析了9项人类群体遗传学指标相互间的关系,并将其与我国部分省份群体的9项遗传学指标进行比较.结果表明:(1)内眦褶率、上眼睑有皱褶率、鼻孔形状、鼻梁类型、下颏类型性别之间存在统计学意义.(2)广东梅州地区客家人有内眦褶率、鼻孔窄型率、有耳垂率在我国族群中居较低水平;铲型门齿率、下颏突型率、额头发际有尖率、卷发率在我国族群中居较高水平;上眼睑有皱褶率、鼻梁凸型率在我国族群中居中等水平.(3)广东梅州地区客家人头面部9项指标中鼻孔形状-鼻梁形状和鼻孔形状-耳垂类型存在相关性.(4)广东梅州地区客家人9项人类学指标出现率具有南方族群特征.     

江西丰城汉族9项人类群体遗传学特征研究

为探讨江西汉族9项人类群体遗传学特征,在江西省丰城市对372名汉族学生(男233名,女139名)的内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、头发类型共9项人类群体遗传学经典指标进行了调查研究.研究发现:(1)9项头面部指标中内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、鼻梁类型、头发类型的出现率性别间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其余5项指标性别间无显著性差异.(2)与我国其它16个族群相比,江西风城汉族内眦褶、凸型下颏出现率低,上眼睑皱褶、凸型鼻梁、宽型鼻孔、有耳垂、有尖形发际、卷发的出现率中等水平,铲型门齿的出现率较高.(3)江西丰城汉族9项头面部指标中内眦褶-上眼睑皱褶、内眦褶-耳垂类型、上眼睑皱褶-鼻孔类型三对性状彼此相关,其他指标间无两两相关.     

安徽汉族头面部9项人类群体遗传学指标研究

抽样调查了安徽省滁州市348例(男212,女136)汉族的9项头面部遗传学指标(内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、头发类型),分析了各指标间的关系,并与国内其他族群进行比较研究.结果表明:(1)仅有上眼睑皱褶、凸鼻梁和尖形发际出现率在性别间的差异具有统计学意义(p≤0.05);(2)仅鼻孔形状-内眦褶一对性状的相关性具有统计学意义(p≤0.05);(3)在选取的17个族群中,安徽汉族的内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶和有耳垂的出现率居较低水平,窄鼻孔和尖形发际出现率居中等偏低水平,铲形门齿出现率居中等偏高水平,凸鼻梁、突型下颏和卷发出现率居较高水平;(4)聚类分析结果显示安徽汉族的头面部9项群体遗传指标具有南方族群的特征.     

浙江汉族9项人类群体遗传学研究

为探讨浙江汉族9项人类群体遗传学特征,对浙江省诸暨市439名汉族学生(男195名,女244名)的内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、头发类型共9项人类群体遗传学经典指标进行了调查研究.结果表明:(1)9项头面部指标中上眼睑皱褶、鼻梁类型、额头发际的出现率性别间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其余6项指标性别间无显著性差异.(2)在我国各族群中,内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、铲型门齿、凸型鼻梁、有尖形发际出现率低,窄型鼻孔的出现率中等水平,凸型下颏、卷发的出现率较高.(3)9项头面部指标中各指标间均无两两相关.     

新疆于田地区克里雅人体质人类学表型特征

为探究新疆克里雅人体质人类学表型指标,运用群体抽样方法,对新疆于田达里雅博依乡163名克里雅人(男87名,女76名)进行体质状况和体质人类学头面部9项指标进行测量研究,分析9项体质人类学指标相互间的关系,并将其与新疆其他民族群体的相关指标进行比较.结果表明:(1)上眼睑褶皱、鼻梁类型、下颏类型性别之间比较具有统计学意义.(2)新疆克里雅人有内眦褶率、发际有尖率、卷发率、凸型下颏率在该地区族群中较低水平;有上眼睑率、铲型门齿率、窄鼻孔率、有耳垂率在该地区族群中较高水平.(3)新疆克里雅人头面部9项指标中有鼻孔形状-内眦褶;下颏类型-上眼睑褶皱存在相关性.(4)克里雅人体格状况与饮食、生产劳作的方式有直接关系,头面部部分指标具有典型的居住干旱荒漠族群特征.     

布依族9项头面部群体遗传学特征的研究

调查了布依族中学生320例(男172例，女148例)9项遗传学指标(内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、发形)．结果显示：(1)布依族有内眦褶率较低．有上眼睑皱褶率较高，铲型门齿率中等偏高．凸鼻梁率中等水平，宽鼻孔率较高．突型下颏率中等偏高，有耳垂率中等偏低，额头发际有尖率较低，卷发率较低；(2)除了内眦褶、耳垂类型外，其余7项指标类型出现率性别间均无显著差异；(3)9项指标彼此间相关性极小；(4)总的来看，与其他人群7项特征基因频率比较的结果显示：布依族与汉族、蒙古族、朝鲜族、达斡尔族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族在内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、鼻孔形状、额头发际这4项指标的基因频率上大多存在极显著性差异．     

9项人类群体遗传学特征的对应分析

对我国6个地区汉族人群的内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、额头发际、头发类型、耳垂类型等9项人类群体遗传学特征进行了对应分析.对应分析将6个地区汉族9项人类群体遗传学特征分成3个点群:点群族Ⅰ包括的汉族地区有江西汉族,变量卷发;点群族Ⅱ包括的汉族地区有浙江汉族,变量突型下颏;点群族Ⅲ包括的汉族地区有伊盟汉族,巴盟汉族,阿盟汉族,兴安盟汉族,变量内眦褶、眼睑、铲型门齿、凸鼻梁、窄鼻孔、发际有尖、耳垂.     

西藏林芝地区藏族13项人类群体遗传学指标的研究

调查了西藏林芝地区492例（男183例,女309例）藏族中学生的13项人类群体遗传学指标.研究结果如下：（1）内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型和环食指长率在男女性别之间存在显著性差异;（2）林芝藏族有内眦褶、凸鼻梁、有耳垂、过伸型拇指和扁型指甲率在我国族群中居较低水平,有上眼睑皱褶、窄鼻孔、卷发和拇趾长率在我国族群中居较高水平,有铲型门齿、突型下颏、尖发际和环指长率在我国族群中居中等水平;（3）林芝藏族头面部9项指标彼此相关性较小,与手足相关的4项指标间无相关性.聚类分析表明,林芝地区藏族的13项遗传指标与北方族群有较大差别.     

天津汉族女性头面部9项人类群体遗传学指标的研究

为调查天津汉族头面部9项人类群体遗传学性状,本文抽样选取天津汉族女性301例,对其内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻背侧面观、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、发际以及发形这9项头面部遗传学指标的出现率进行调查分析。结果表明:(1)天津汉族女性铲型门齿、凸鼻梁、窄鼻孔以及卷发的出现率相对处于高水平,分别为:96.01%、18.94%、31.89%和29.24%;内眦褶、凸下颏和耳垂的出现率处于中等水平,分别为:72.76%、20.60%和77.41%;而上眼睑皱褶的出现率在全国处于较低水平,为73.75%。(2)9项遗传学指标之间相关性较小。(3)从头面部遗传学指标聚类分析得出,天津汉族人与安徽、江苏汉族人的9项头面部指标的出现率最为接近。可见,天津汉族女性与安徽、江苏汉族女性在头面部遗传学性状上具有相似性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with