加权残值法在非线性结构动力学的应用

证明了经典的加权残值法和新成立的归一化加权残值法是解决结构动力学数值收敛性问题的有效方法.归一加权残值也延伸到解二阶非线性常微分方程,数值例子说明了其有效性.     

单自由度齿轮系统非线性动力学特性分析

建立了综合考虑齿侧间隙、时变啮合刚度、综合啮合误差等因素的直齿轮副的单自由度非线性动力学模型,利用变步长Runge-Kutta法对单自由度运动微分方程进行数值求解.结合系统的分岔图、相图、Poincaré映射图以及FFT频谱图,分析了系统在不同侧隙值下,阻尼比变化时的动力学特性,得到了系统的混沌运动形成过程.     

一类复摆系统的非线性动力学研究

通过对一类复摆系统的建模,利用数值分析法,较为全面地论证了复摆系统通向混沌的倍周期道路、拟周期道路等复杂的混沌演化行为.用相图、庞加莱映射图和分岔图等方式揭示出了系统混沌运动的形式和参数.对该系统分岔与混沌行为的研究,为工程实际中相关机械系统和振动系统的混沌预测和控制具有指导意义,同时对这些系统的优化设计提供了理论依据.     

The role of volatiles in magma chamber dynamics

Many andesitic volcanoes exhibit effusive eruption activity, with magma volumes as large as 10(7)-10(9) m(3) erupted at rates of 1-10 m(3) x s(-1) over periods of years or decades. During such eruptions, many complex cycles in eruption rates have been observed, with periods ranging from hours to years. Longer-term trends have also been observed, and are thought to be associated with the continuing recharge of magma from deep in the crust and with waning of overpressure in the magma reservoir. Here we present a model which incorporates effects due to compressibility of gas in magma. We show that the eruption duration and volume of erupted magma may increase by up to two orders of magnitude if the stored internal energy associated with dissolved volatiles can be released into the magma chamber. This mechanism would be favoured in shallow chambers or volatile-rich magmas and the cooling of magma by country rock may enhance this release of energy, leading to substantial increases in eruption rate and duration.     

一类具有随机移民扰动的非线性人口发展方程解的存在性

利用非线性泛函理论研究了一类具有随机移民扰动的非线性m增生人口发展模型,在移民率有界的条件下,得出了此类发展方程在任意有限时间区间存在随机积分解的结论。     

航空发动机压气机叶片的非线性振动问题

本文研究了航空发动机压气机叶片的非线性振动问题．将叶片简化为功能梯度材料的悬臂薄壁梁,因为是稳态气流,利用一阶活塞理论来计算气动力．考虑几何大变形的影响,利用Hamilton原理建立了叶片的非线性偏微分运动方程．运用Galerkin方法对方程进行一阶离散得到常微分控制方程．考虑1：1：1内共振情况,利用高阶多尺度法对控制方程进行摄动分析．基于平均方程,通过数值仿真模拟不同气流流速下旋转叶片的动态响应,得到相图、波形图和频谱图．结果表明：气流流速对系统动力学特性有重要影响,随着气流流速的增加,系统会呈现倍周期运动、周期运动、混沌运动等多种复杂动力学行为．     

An ultra-sparse code underlies the generation of neural sequences in a songbird

Sequences of motor activity are encoded in many vertebrate brains by complex spatio-temporal patterns of neural activity; however, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying the generation of these pre-motor patterns are poorly understood. In songbirds, one prominent site of pre-motor activity is the forebrain robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA), which generates stereotyped sequences of spike bursts during song and recapitulates these sequences during sleep. We show that the stereotyped sequences in RA are driven from nucleus HVC (high vocal centre), the principal pre-motor input to RA. Recordings of identified HVC neurons in sleeping and singing birds show that individual HVC neurons projecting onto RA neurons produce bursts sparsely, at a single, precise time during the RA sequence. These HVC neurons burst sequentially with respect to one another. We suggest that at each time in the RA sequence, the ensemble of active RA neurons is driven by a subpopulation of RA-projecting HVC neurons that is active only at that time. As a population, these HVC neurons may form an explicit representation of time in the sequence. Such a sparse representation, a temporal analogue of the 'grandmother cell' concept for object recognition, eliminates the problem of temporal interference during sequence generation and learning attributed to more distributed representations.     

非线性系统零动态的对称性

研究非线性系统零动态的对称性 ,证明了 ,如果非线性系统具有对称性 ,那么 ,它的零动态也具有对称性。局部零动态总可延伸到半全局的零动态 ,而且保持对称性。     

Wave and defect dynamics in nonlinear photonic quasicrystals

Quasicrystals are unique structures with long-range order but no periodicity. Their properties have intrigued scientists ever since their discovery and initial theoretical analysis. The lack of periodicity excludes the possibility of describing quasicrystal structures with well-established analytical tools, including common notions like Brillouin zones and Bloch's theorem. New and unique features such as fractal-like band structures and 'phason' degrees of freedom are introduced. In general, it is very difficult to directly observe the evolution of electronic waves in solid-state atomic quasicrystals, or the dynamics of the structure itself. Here we use optical induction to create two-dimensional photonic quasicrystals, whose macroscopic nature allows us to explore wave transport phenomena. We demonstrate that light launched at different quasicrystal sites travels through the lattice in a way equivalent to quantum tunnelling of electrons in a quasiperiodic potential. At high intensity, lattice solitons are formed. Finally, we directly observe dislocation dynamics when crystal sites are allowed to interact with each other. Our experimental results apply not only to photonics, but also to other quasiperiodic systems such as matter waves in quasiperiodic traps, generic pattern-forming systems as in parametrically excited surface waves, liquid quasicrystals, and the more familiar atomic quasicrystals.     

一种非线性动力学系统数值模拟的新方法

给出了应用ＭＡＴＬＡＢ语言动态仿真工具－ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ对非线性动力学系统进行数值模拟的方法,以典型的非线性动力学系统－ｖａｎ ｄｅｒ Ｐｏｌ方程、Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ方程和Ｌｏｒｅｎｚ方程为例进行了说明。     

超声场中双气泡非线性动力学参数

从气泡动力学出发,建立了双气泡在外加声场作用下的运动方程,对气泡间的相互作用力进行了研究.研究结果表明：考虑到气泡之间相互作用后,气泡的运动方程、谐振频率、谐振时半径的变化情况明显与单个气泡不同,这些参数不只与气泡各自的初始半径,外加声压强度,液体的黏滞性等因素有关,还与它们之间距离和相对另一气泡的初始半径有关.研究发现：气泡的谐振频率与它们之间距离有关,随着气泡之间距离的增大,其谐振频率在不断减小.但当它们之间的距离增大到某一值时,其谐振频率趋于一定值.这也可以理解为当气泡相对较远时它们之间的相互作用对其影响可以忽略,此时的谐振频率即为单泡的谐振频率.对于谐振时它们的半径变化而言,两气泡之间的作用是相互抑制的,但气泡的初始半径的不同,这种抑制作用的强、弱不同.气泡初始半径相同的气泡,相互抑制作用较弱,数值计算表现出半径相同时其谐振半径的变化幅度要大于半径不同时的结果.     

非线性系统的DFL及隐动态

在１９８１年韩京清发表的论文＂线性系统的结构与反馈计算＂的基础上发展和完善了基于高阶微分方程输入－输出描述的非线性系统直接反馈线性化（ＤＦＬ）理论。给出了ＤＦＬ问题的有解条件和补偿器的结构。首次提出了＂隐动态＂（ＨＤ）概念,并证明了它与微分几何非线性控制理论中的＂零动态＂（ＺＤ）的等价关系。该法所需数学工具简单;保留了原状态变量的物理意义,便于工程应用。     

两类相对转动非线性动力学系统的统一动力学模型及混沌运动

建立了具有广义阻尼力和非线性恢复力的二端面转轴相对转动系统与一类两质量相对转动系统的统一的非线性动力学模型.在弱周期力的条件下,研究了统一系统的混沌运动表现,应用Melnikov方法给出了系统发生混沌的必要条件,并利用倍周期分岔方法,进一步分析了系统的混沌行为.     

Finite-time consensus of a leader-following multi-agent network with non-identical nonlinear dynamics and time-varying topologies

In this paper, the finite-time consensus of a leader-following multi-agent network with non-identical nonlinear dynamics and time-varying topologies is investigated. All the agents, especially the leaders, have non-identical and nonlinear dynamics. According to the algebraic graph theory, Lyapunov stability theory and Kronecker product, a control strategy strategy is established to guarantee the finite-time consensus of multi-agent network with multiple leaders. Furthermore, several numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.     

一类具有输入状态稳定未建模动态的非线性系统的输出跟踪控制

研究了具有输入状态稳定(input-to-state stability,ISS)未建模动态的一类非线性系统的全局实际输出跟踪控制问题.该类非线性系统具有非线性参数化的未知参数不确定性,未知的非线性不确定性及未建模动态不确定性.与现有结果不同,所考察的系统具有未知的控制系数,其人小及符号等信息都假设是完全未知的.通过利...     

正反夸克喷注中非线性动力学性质的研究

用蒙特卡洛方法研究了在部分子层次上从91.2 GeV e+e-碰撞产生的2-喷注事件中被区分出来的夸克喷注和反夸克喷注中的动力学起伏, 结果发现在这2种喷注中都存在一个转变点, 由此得到了确定实验中可见喷注的一个物理标度.     

非线性弹性杆中的速度孤立子波

采用减缩摄动方法（Ｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｐｅｒｔｕｒｂａｔｉｏｎ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ） , 通过建立非线性弹性杆纵向振动的非线性双曲型方程组, 在远场渐近意义上和小振幅情况下, 证明了非线性弹性杆中速度孤立子波的存在性,并讨论了孤立子波的传播性质     

一类非线性振子的稳定性分析

应用渐近法求得非线性振动方程 d2 xdt2 +δdxdt+x- x3 =γcosωt的一次近似解 ,阐述了非线性振子的一些物理性质 ,分析了振动方程解的稳定性及稳定条件 ,给出了吸引子和吸引域 ,简述了周期解稳定性的特点。     

Interruption of a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit prevents plasticity of learned vocalizations

Birdsong, like speech, is a learned vocal behaviour that relies greatly on hearing; in both songbirds and humans the removal of auditory feedback by deafening leads to a gradual deterioration of adult vocal production. Here we investigate the neural mechanisms that contribute to the processing of auditory feedback during the maintenance of song in adult zebra finches. We show that the deleterious effects on song production that normally follow deafening can be prevented by a second insult to the nervous system--the lesion of a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit. The results suggest that the removal of auditory feedback leads to the generation of an instructive signal that actively drives non-adaptive changes in song; they also suggest that this instructive signal is generated within (or conveyed through) the basal ganglia-forebrain pathway. Our findings provide evidence that cortical-basal ganglia circuits may participate in the evaluation of sensory feedback during calibration of motor performance, and demonstrate that damage to such circuits can have little effect on previously learned behaviour while conspicuously disrupting the capacity to adaptively modify that behaviour.     

一类非线性四阶方程的纽结波解

用微分方程定性理论结合数值模拟方法研究了一类非线性四阶波动方程的纽结波. 在r＜ 0的条件下,首先把波动方程转换成一个常微平面系统,然后用定性理论讨论该平面系统的奇点性质,画出该系统的相图分支,根据相图找到了纽结波的存在条件,并求出了纽结波的解. 最后用数学软件Maple对行波方程进行数值模拟,得到纽结波的平面模拟图. 数值模拟进一步验证了理论分析结果.