食道支架治疗晚期食道癌性狭窄8例

目的:探讨被膜食管内支架置入及姑息性治疗的临床效果.方法:8例高龄、晚期食道癌性狭窄患者,一次性直接置入网状被膜支架8枚.结果:8例均一次置入成功,随访2个月至20个月,患者吞咽正常.结论:食道支架治疗晚期食道癌性狭窄安全、有效,能迅速解除患者吞咽困难,提高生活质量.     

125Ⅰ粒子支架对食管癌放疗后病情进展患者治疗的临床研究

目的:对食管癌放射治疗后病情进展导致进食梗阻症状患者,应用125Ⅰ粒子支架植入进行治疗,并对其进行临床观察,以期找到对放射治疗后病情进展的食管癌患者的有效治疗方法.方法:在透视下对食管癌放射治疗后病情进展导致进食梗阻患者,经口置入捆绑式125Ⅰ粒子覆膜支架.术后按Stooler计分评价患者吞咽困难缓解程度,Karnofsky评分进行生活质量评价.定期随访进行食管造影,胸部CT检查,评价食管通畅率,各类并发症的发生率,患者生存时间统计.结果19例食管癌放射治疗后病情进展患者125Ⅰ粒子支架植入成功率100％,术后即刻吞咽困难缓解率100％,发生上消化道出血2例,术后再狭窄3例,纵隔内感染1例,并发症发生率为31.58％(6/19).置入术后生存期2～16个月,平均生存时间11个月.结论125Ⅰ粒子支架植入可有效改善放射治疗后病情进展导致进食梗阻患者的吞咽困难症状,改善其生活质量,延长患者生存时间,是一种新的安全、有效的治疗方法.     

高龄食管癌贲门癌的外科治疗

目的: 总结高龄食管癌贲门癌外科治疗经验. 方法:高龄食癌贲门癌 12 例, 均合并进行性营养不良和心血管、呼吸系统疾病.肿瘤切除+ 胃食管吻合 10 例(包括根治术和姑息手术) , 探查造瘘 2例. 结果: 全组无手术死亡,手术切除率83.33%, 3 例出现术后并发症,基本接近文献大宗病例报告.行切除术后病例随访均获得满意生存质量. 结论: 高龄食管癌、贲门癌患者应得到积极的手术治疗,高龄不是手术禁忌症.高龄患者围手术期处理至关重要,尤其是呼吸系统和营养不良,应在术前得到积极治疗和改善,术后加强呼吸道管理和有效的营养支持,可减少术后并发症.对于高龄食管癌、 贲门癌手术治疗的评价,不仅要重视术后生存率, 更应重视术后的生存质量.     

争光霉素A_5治疗原发性肝癌50例临床观察报告

原发性肝癌是恶性度较高,起病较隐蔽,病程较短,发展较快,死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤之一.发病后平均生存期为2.2～5.8月,目前国内用中草药、化疗、放射、手术等疗法,疗效如下:中草药、化疗一年生存率为5.4～14.0%;放射+综合治疗一年生存率19%;肝叶或半肝切除手术一年生存率可达28.3～60.8%,(普查组病例可达86.7%),二年生存率22.3～45%(普查组病例75%),三年生存率15.54～33.3%(普查组病例57.1%),五年生存率19%;手术效果较为满意.但国内手术切除率仅7.0～22.4%.手术死亡率尚有5.3～25.3%.而且限于技术,设备、病人经济等条件,不易在农村、工矿开展.为此,进一步寻     

经内窥镜逆行置留双J管的临床应用

目的:探讨经内窥镜置入双J管在上尿路梗阻性疾病中的应用价值.方法:对32例各种原因引起的不同程度上尿路梗阻性疾病患者,通过内窥镜置入双J管进行疗效观察和安全性能分析.结果:32例置管均顺利、管位正常,25例出现轻度膀胱刺激症或血尿,其余无明显不良反应.2例体外碎石患者缩短了排石时间,减少了并发症;4例术后漏尿患者置管后漏尿随即终止;肾功能不全组病例肾功能得到了改善,有利于二期手术;晚期癌肿压迫输尿管病例,除有效防止狭窄外,肾功能得到了进一步恢复,提高了生存质量.结论:双J管具有内引流和内支架的双重作用.经内窥镜置入双J管,具有操作简便、安全有效、并发症少等优点,是治疗上尿路梗阻性疾病的首选引流方式.     

胃镜引导下记忆覆膜金属支架置入在晚期食管癌治疗中的应用

目的：探讨经胃镜引导下带膜金属支架置入术在晚期食管癌治疗中的临床疗效。方法：收集2007年5月～2010年5月间入住我院的食管癌患者104例的临床资料,进行回顾性分析,观察治疗前后患者的食管扩张效果、吞咽困难改善情况、并发症的发生率及生存质量状态。结果：本组104例病例在胃镜下置入带膜金属支架,一次性操作成功率为100%,治疗后狭窄段直径及吞咽困难人数比例明显降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术后主要的并发症有胸骨后疼痛或不适及反流性食管炎,也有部分患者出现黑便,仅一例出现食管穿孔,没有观察到其它严重并发症的发生。与对照组比较,经治疗后3个月和6个月患者生存率较高。结论：胃镜引导下置入带膜金属支架能够消除X线辐射伤害,具有定位准确,成功率高等优点,是延长食管癌患者生命,改善患者生活质量的一种有效方法,特别适合晚期食管癌患者。     

丹参多酚酸盐对冠状动脉内支架置入术后患者血清脂联素与抵抗素的影响

目的：研究丹参多酚酸盐对冠状动脉内支架置入后患者血清脂联素与抵抗素的影响.方法：将70例行冠状动脉内支架置入术的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组.对照组采用常规治疗方法进行治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用丹参多酚酸盐治疗,观察支架置入前、支架置入后24h及7d血清血清脂联素与抵抗素水平的变化.结果：治疗前两组患者血清脂联素与抵抗素水平无显著差异（P〉0.05）;两组患者血清脂联素水平于术后24h、术后7d均呈明显升高趋势（P＜0.05）;治疗组清脂联素水平于术后24h、术后7d均明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）.两组患者血清抵抗素水平于术后24h、术后7d均呈明显减低趋势（P＜0.05）;治疗组血清抵抗素水平于术后24h、术后7d均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论：丹参多酚酸盐可能通过降低抵抗素、升高脂联素发挥其抗炎、抗动脉粥样硬化作用,对冠脉内支架置入后患者发挥心血管保护作用.     

放射性粒子Ⅰ125植入治疗颅内恶性肿瘤 --附13例临床报告

目的:放射性粒子Ⅰ125植入治疗颅内恶性肿瘤的临床研究。方法:通过CT、放射、彩超引导下,或术中将粒子Ⅰ125植瘤体内,瘤床周围经Ⅰ125放射,对肿瘤直接照射,达到杀死瘤细胞,防止扩散,再发。结果:①转移性脑瘤治疗的无复发,②复发性脑膜瘤术后在瘤床植入一年无再发,③恶性脑瘤3mo瘤体开始缩小。结论:放射性粒子植入治疗颅内恶性肿瘤,对其物理、生物学特性,特别是临床剂量学与疗效,并发症的关系研究,恶性肿瘤是威胁人类健康的主要疾病。目前治疗的三大手段:手术切除,放射治疗和化学治疗,根据国际抗癌联盟(UICC)统计,肿瘤患者约70%需要通过放射达到根治或姑息治疗,或配合手术前、术后和术中进行放疗。放疗分体外放疗和近距离放疗(包括内放疗),放射性粒子植入有严格的适应和禁忌症,可用于局部恶性肿瘤的治疗,粒子植入能在肿瘤内部产生高剂量,可以提高肿瘤局部控制率。     

基于中药外伤的放射性皮肤损伤中西医治疗比较研究

目的对比中西医疗法治疗放射性皮肤损伤的疗效,找出简便、经济、疗效满意的治疗方法。方法雌性Wistar大鼠30只,用Co60γ射线以40 Gy进行照射建立急性放射性皮炎动物模型,分为中药方组、庆大霉素联合康复新组、紫草油与氯霉素组及模型对照组,待动物出现急性放射性皮肤损伤后,分别予中药方和庆大霉素联合康复新及紫草油与氯霉素溶液涂抹皮损部位,观察各组皮肤损伤变化。结果同一放射剂量下,用药组溃疡愈合率高于模型组(P0.05),紫草油与氯霉素组溃疡愈合率高于庆大霉素联合康复新组(P0.05);庆大霉素联合康复新组愈合率高于中药方组(P0.05)     

1例食管下段Schatzki环患者的护理并文献回顾

食管下段Schatzki环是指食管下段鳞柱状上皮交界处或胃食管交界部近侧1~2cm处的黏膜或黏膜下薄环,可引起食管狭窄并导致吞咽困难、食物嵌顿和胸痛,症状严重者多可经内镜下治疗缓解。该文结合1例典型病例的诊治及文献回顾,提出在该病护理上应重视其长病程与其他食管疾病的鉴别,针对进软食后易发不适和大块食物易引起嵌顿的特点进行饮食指导,并总结了该病行内镜下球囊扩张治疗的术前术后护理及相关心理护理的要点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that