广西地区恒河猴(Rhesus Monkey)B病毒相关抗体的检查研究

采用玻片免疫酶法（ＩＥＡ）和酶联免疫吸附试验法（ＥＬＩＳＡ），检查了来自广西不同来源恒河猴Ｂ病毒的相关抗体。结果表明：广西野生恒河猴受Ｂ病毒的感染较为普遍，来自龙虎山及扶绥保护区的猴，Ｂ病毒相关抗体阳性率分别是７９．７％和７５．３％。来自穿洞河及布柳河保护区的猴，Ｂ病毒相关抗体阳性率分别是２６．１％和２８．９％。大新保护区猴阳性率为５７．１％。在不同组猴中，小群关养组猴相关抗体阳性率最高，野生猴次之，自繁猴最低。三组间，猴Ｂ病毒相关抗体阳性率的差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），经ＥＬＩＳＡ检查确定为阴性的猴，用ＩＥＡ检查出７．５％（１５／２００）的猴被判定为阳性猴     

广州地区1995—1997年HIV抗体检测情况分析

为了解献血员人群ＨＩＶ感染情况，我们对１９９５～１９９７年献血员ＨＩＶ抗体检测情况进行了分析。方法：献血员ＨＩＶ抗体的初筛试验采用抗－ＨＩＶ抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ法，ＨＩＶ抗体初筛试验阳性者用蛋白印迹法（ＷＢ）进行确认。结果：３年内共检测１４００２８人次，初筛ＨＩＶ抗体阳性１８例献血员，并全部经ＷＢ法确认为ＨＩＶ抗体阳性。其中１５例为男性，３例女性，均为来自外省的流动人口。１８例ＨＩＶ抗体阳性献血员中，ＨＣＶ抗体阳性检出率为８３３％（１５／１８），ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性检出率为６１１％（１１／１８），ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＣＶ抗体阳性检出率为３３３％（６／８）。结论：在献血员人群中ＨＩＶ抗体阳性检出率呈上升趋势，为此献血员ＨＩＶ抗体筛查对预防和控制输血传播ＨＩＶ具有重要意义。ＨＩＶ与ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ具有较高的重叠感染率     

云南省野生恒河猴三种病毒血清抗体的初步调查

用酶免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检查了云南省３６０只野生恒河猴的轮状病毒、腺病毒和痘病毒血清抗体,抗体阳性率分别为８６７％,８０８％和１９４％．成年猴上述三种病毒抗体的阳性率明显高于未成年猴．在云南省思茅、文山和临沧地区三种病毒抗体阳性率无明显差异,其中轮状病毒、腺病毒抗体阳性率较高,痘病毒抗体阳性率较低．结果表明：轮状病毒、腺病毒和痘病毒抗体阳性动物在野外广泛存在,抗体阳性动物的分布与年龄有关．在云南省思茅、文山和临沧三个地区,三种病毒的抗体阳性率无差异．     

甲型肝炎病毒(H2株)在三种细胞中的感染性滴度比较

本文用恒河猴胚肾传代细胞（ＭＥＫ）、人胚肺成纤维二倍体细胞（ＫＭＢ１７和２ＢＳ）对ＨＡＶ－Ｈ２株感染性滴度进行了初步研究,结果显示Ｈ２株在ＭＥＫ上感染性滴度（ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ）最高,ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ比ＫＭＢ１７,２ＢＳ平均ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ高１．２８ｌｏｇ和１．５９ｌｏｇ．经统计学分析,Ｐ＜０．０５,有显著性差异,证实ＭＥＫ对Ｈ２株最敏感．ＭＥＫ可能是测定ＨＡＶ感染性滴度和繁殖ＨＡＶ较理想的细胞     

AcNPV增强子hr5增强HBsAg基因表达的研究

用形成包涵体（ＯＯＣ＋）并能利用人工合成启动序列和多角体ＸＩＶ启动子表达外源基因的转移载体质粒ｐＳＸＩＶＶＩ＋Ｘ３将多角体基因、乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢＳＡｇ）基因和苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒（ＡｃＮＰＶ）的增强子ｈｒ５部分序列同时插入无包涵体的粉纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒ＴｎＮＰＶ－ＳＶＩ－Ｇ基因组中，得到两株高效表达ＨＢｓＡｇ基因又形成包涵体的重组病毒ＴｎＮＰＶ－ｓｈｒ３５－ＯＣＣ＋和ＴｎＮＰＶ－ｓｈｒ２６－ＯＣＣ＋．对重组病毒的酶切鉴定、ＤＮＡ斑点杂交和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析证实，外源基因及其相应的启动子和增强子序列已正确插入病毒基因组中．插入顺序中，ｈｒ５增强子是插入ＨＢｓＡｇ基因下游，多角体基因与ＨＢｓＡｇ基因方向相反．１２５Ⅰ－固相放射免疫检测和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ结果表明，ＨＢｓＡｇ基因在昆虫离体细胞中得到高效表达并保留了抗原活性．ＴｎＮＰＶ－ｓｈｒ２６－ＯＣＣ＋和ＴｎＮＰＶ－ｓｈｒ３５－ＯＣＣ＋表达的ＨＢｓＡ吕蛋白与没有插入增强子序列的重组病毒ＴｎＮＰＶ—ＨＢｓ８５－ＯＣＣ＋的比较，分别提高了４０％和４６％．     

比格犬柯萨奇病毒感染的报道

柯萨奇Ｂ组病毒（ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢＶｉｒｕｓｅｓＣＢＶ）是一种人兽共患病毒。ＣＢＶ引起神经系统病变时人与比格犬所表现的症状基本相似。ＣＢＶ可引起全身性疾病,损伤多系统。应注意早期的诊断和治疗。ＣＢＶ并非终生免疫,应注意再次感染     

乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播问题探讨

探讨乙型肝炎病毒宫内感染及乳汁感染的母婴传播问题,用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术对７５例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性产妇初乳及其新生儿外周血进行ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ的检测;同时应用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）测定产妇初乳中乙肝病毒５项标志物（ＨＢＶＭ）。结果为１）１７５例初乳中ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ阳性率为６８％,高于同组新生儿外周血ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ阳性率３４．６７％,有显性差（Ｐ〈０．０１）;ＨＢＶＭ三项阳性各组二埂有显性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）．２）ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性初乳及新生儿外周血ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ阳性率均量高,与ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ比较,有显性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１,Ｐ〈０．０５）。表明初乳排毒率高于内传染率,母婴传播率与母血中ＨＢＶＭ传染性呈正相关。     

146例孕妇宫颈分泌物及血清病毒感染调查

应用组织培养，中和试验，酶联免疫吸附法，对１４６例孕妇进行病毒感染调查．结果：从１１７例宫颈分泌物中分离出肠道病毒３株．１１４例血清检测，巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）阳性率为８７．１％．疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ），柯萨奇病毒（ＣＶ）中和抗体检测，与正常人群比较，经ｔ检验表明，仅ＣＶＢ１型差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）．     

广东地区实验恒河猴B病毒感染情况的调查

用玻片免疫试验，检验广东地区实验恒河猴Ｂ病毒相关抗体，共抽检５个单位５ｌ５只恒河猴Ｂ病毒相关抗体，阳性率为２３．８％，其中１－３岁龄猴阳性率为１４．５％，４－５岁猴５２．９％，６－１０岁猴５１．５％，性成熟恒河猴Ｂ病毒相关抗体阳性率明显高于未成年猴。     

淋巴细胞性脉络丛胞膜炎病毒单克隆抗体的研制及初步鉴定

用提纯的ＬＣＭ病毒抗原（主要为ＮＰ６３）免疫ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠，应用鼠—鼠杂交瘤技术获得了三珠（１Ｅ２、１Ｃ６和２Ｄ２）分泌抗ＬＣＭＶ单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系。经检测，它们所分泌的抗体亚类分别为ＩｇＧ１（１Ｅ２）和ＩｇＭ（１Ｃ６）。亲和力为７５μｇ（１Ｅ２）和５μｇ（１Ｃ６）。腹水效价为１０５。免疫荧光阻断法和ＥＬＩＳＡ阻断试验测定结果一致，１Ｅ２的标记物能阻断２Ｄ２，但不能阻断１Ｃ６。三株ＭｃＡｂ对７种鼠源性病毒抗原（ＲｅＯ３、Ｓｅｎｄａｉ、ＭＨＶ、ＧＤⅦ、ＥＨＦＰＶＭ和Ｅｃｔｒｏ）均无反应。     

Prevention of HIV-2 and SIVsm infection by passive immunization in cynomolgus monkeys.

Infection of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) are useful models for studies of immunotherapy and vaccination against HIV as well as for testing of antiviral drugs. Vaccine research showing protective immunity in immunized monkeys has indicated that it will be possible to develop a vaccine for prevention of human HIV infection, although many hurdles remain. The design of an HIV vaccine would be helped if the basis of the protective immunity could be elucidated. Passive immune prophylaxis offers a means to determine the relative role of antibodies in protection against infection. We have studied whether a transfer of antibodies can prevent HIV-2 and SIVsm (SIV of sooty mangabey origin) infection in cynomolgus monkeys. Sera with high antibody titres were collected, heat-treated and injected into naive animals 6 h before challenge with 10-100 monkey-infectious doses of live homologous virus. All control animals treated with normal monkey serum (n = 6) or no serum (n = 39) became infected by the challenge virus, whereas five out of seven animals pretreated with antibody-containing serum at a dose of 9 ml kg-1 resisted infection. Thus passively transferred antibodies can protect against a low-dose lentivirus challenge in a nonhuman primate.     

龙虎山猕猴（Macaca mulatta）麻疹病毒感染的探讨

采用ＨＩ（血凝抑制试验）法，比较在不同生境中，龙虎山猕猴麻疹病毒抗体阳性率的差异：小群关养组的阳性率为９０．９％；半野生猴组阳性率为２８．３％；野生猴组阳性率为２．４％。不同性别及不同年龄猴麻疹病毒抗体阳性率没有显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０１）。半野生猴组阳性率逐年递增。对建立无麻疹、Ｂ病毒等病毒感染繁殖种群提出初步意见。     

龙虎山猕猴(Macaca mulatta)麻疹病毒感染的探讨

采用HI(血凝抑制试验)法,比较在不同生境中,龙虎山猕猴麻疹病毒抗体阳性率的差异:小群关养组的阳性率为90.9%;半野生猴组阳性率为28.3%;野生猴组阳性率为2.4%。不同性别及不同年龄猴麻疹病毒抗体阳性率没有显著性差异(P>0.01)。半野生猴组阳性率逐年递增。对建立无麻疹、B病毒等病毒感染繁殖种群提出初步意见。     

Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses

Because of the growing incidence of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), the need for studies on animal models is urgent. Infection of chimpanzees with the retroviral agent of human AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), will have only limited usefulness because chimpanzees are in short supply and do not develop the disease. Among non-human primates, both type D retroviruses and lentiviruses can be responsible for immune deficiencies. The D-type retroviruses, although important pathogens in macaque monkey colonies, are not satisfactory as a model because they differ in genetic structure and pathophysiological properties from the human AIDS viruses. The simian lentivirus, previously referred to as simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (STLV-III), now termed simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is related to HIV by the antigenicity of its proteins and in its main biological properties, such as cytopathic effect and tropism for CD4-bearing cells. Most importantly, SIV induces a disease with remarkable similarity to human AIDS in the common rhesus macaques, which therefore constitute the best animal model currently available. Natural or experimental infection of other monkeys such as African green monkeys or sooty mangabeys has not yet been associated with disease. Molecular approaches of the SIV system will be needed for biological studies and development of vaccines that could be tested in animals. We have cloned and sequenced the complete genome of SIV isolated from a naturally infected macaque that died of AIDS. This SIVMAC appears genetically close to the agent of AIDS in West Africa, HIV-2, but the divergence of the sequences of SIV and HIV-2 is greater than that previously observed between HIV-1 isolates.     

广西地区恒河猴(Rhesus Monkey)B病毒相关抗体的检查研究

采用玻片免疫酶法(IEA)和酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA),检查了来自广西不同来源恒河猴B病毒的相关抗体。结果表明:广西野生恒河猴受B病毒的感染较为普遍,来自龙虎山及扶绥保护区的猴,B病毒相关抗体阳性率分别是79.7%和75.3%。来自穿洞河及布柳河保护区的猴,B病毒相关抗体阳性率分别是26.1%和28.9%。大新保护区猴阳性率为57.1%。在不同组猴中,小群关养组猴相关抗体阳性率最高,野生猴次之,自繁猴最低。三组间,猴B病毒相关抗体阳性率的差异极显著(P<0.05),经ELISA检查确定为阴性的猴,用IEA检查出7.5%(15/200)的猴被判定为阳性猴。     

自繁幼猴感染B病毒的情况调查

目的调查昆明亚灵生物科技有限公司室外猴场食蟹猴和恒河猴群B病毒（猴疱疹病毒Ⅰ型）的抗体情况,以了解B病毒在母猴和幼猴之间的传播.方法对繁殖年龄的雌性和雄性猴血清B病毒抗体进行检测,按照血清抗体B病毒阳性和阴性分开饲养,建立繁殖群.对出生1岁以上的幼猴进行血清病毒抗体检测.结果 检测的137份B病毒阴性群自繁幼猴血清中,没有B病毒抗体呈阳性,阳性率为0％;检测的426份B病毒阳性群自繁幼猴血清中,有27份B病毒抗体呈阳性,阳性率为6.3％.     

1998—2001年猕猴微生物携带状况调查

对我单位 1998至 2 0 0 1年猕猴的微生物携带状况进行了监控 ,未见携带皮肤病原真菌、沙门菌、结核分枝杆菌和猴逆转录D型病毒 (SRV) ,以及猴T细胞趋向性病毒 1型 (STLV_1)、猴免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV)和乙肝病毒 (HBV)抗体 ;而志贺菌以及B病毒 (BV)、麻疹病毒 (MV)和甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV)抗体均有检出。同时对分离的志贺菌进行了血清学分型以及药敏实验。通过对各类微生物的监测 ,对发现的阳性个体进行隔离和淘汰 ;此外对环境和笼架进行定期消毒 ,建立核心种群并逐步建立起了高质量的实验猕猴种群     

恒河猴B病毒血清抗体流行病学调查

目的摸清B病毒(BV)感染现状,从而有效降低BV在恒河猴群中的感染率。方法采用ELISA方法对恒河猴血清进行抗体检测。结果检测样品629份,其中350份呈BV抗体阳性,10份血清呈BV抗体可疑,其余血清为抗体阴性。结论种猴(≥11周岁)BV感染率89%;青年猴(3~10周岁)BV感染率39.2%;幼龄猴(≤2周岁)BV感染率7.6%。随着年龄的增长,恒河猴群中BV感染率越高。     

A naturally immunogenic virion-associated protein specific for HIV-2 and SIV

The genomic organization of HIV-1 and the family of HIV-2 and SIV viruses is similar. However, there is an open reading frame, orf-x, that is present in HIV-2 and SIV, but not in HIV-1. The extent of protein sequence conservation in orf-x between HIV-2ROD and SIVMAC suggests that this open reading frame encodes a gene that may be important for infectivity or replication. Here, we show that the orf-x products of SIVMAC and HIV-2SBL-6669 are virion-associated and that the introduction of a premature stop codon into orf-x, did not abrogate virus infectivity and replication in vitro. Antibody reactivity to the orf-x product was detected in 35 of 42 HIV-2 positive serum samples and 11 of 52 SIV seropositive monkeys. No such antibodies were detected in HIV-1 positive donors, blood donors seronegative for both HIV-2 and HIV-1, or SIV seronegative monkeys. This suggests that orf-x is dispensable for in vitro replication of SIVMAC and that the orf-x gene product of HIV-2 or its antibody can be used to distinguish HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection.