五电极等离子体显示板触发放电的研究

采用流体模型研究了一种五电极交流等离子体显示板(AC PDP)的单点触发放电过程及其真空紫外线(VUV)的辐射特性.数值模拟结果表明,在放电期间恰当地调整电极上的驱动电位,可以改变介质层表面电荷积累,获得较高的壁电压.通过数值模拟还获得了五电极AC PDP维持放电期间的VUV辐射效率,其中173 nm的VUV辐射占总真空紫外辐射效率的27%,有利于提高AC PDP的发光效率.     

含辅助电极的等离子体显示板单元放电特性模拟

对PDP维持电极间插入带电辅助电极的新单元放电特性进行了模拟研究,并与传统的长间隙放电单元的模拟结果做了比较.模拟结果表明:新单元的Xe激发效率高于传统结构的Xe激发效率,并且Xe激发效率与电压成反比;在维持间隙大于360 μm时,新单元的最小维持电压低于传统单元的最小维持电压,当维持间隙大于或等于450μm时,辅助电极降低最小维持电压的优点尤为明显;当辅助间隙在60～100μm时,最小维持电压较小;与长间隙单元相比,新单元对荧光粉的损伤减轻50%以上.模拟结果对新结构PDP单元优化设计提供了指导.     

三电极结构荫罩式PDP的模拟和实验研究

采用三维流体模型和老炼测试平台从理论模拟和实验测试角度研究三电极结构荫罩式PDP在对向放电和表面放电驱动波形下的放电发光特性.模拟结果表明:三电极结构荫罩式PDP在对向放电驱动波形下的点火和维持电压都低于表面放电驱动波形下的点火和维持电压;对向放电驱动波形的峰值亮度比表面放电驱动波形约高89％,表面放电驱动波形的放电效率比对向放电驱动波形约高9.1％.老炼平台的实验测试结果也表明了同样的趋势.     

有浮动电极PDP单元放电串扰的数值模拟研究

利用二维流体模拟方法研究等离子体显示屏(PDP)大维持电极间隙单元之间的放电串扰现象.研究发现当维持电极间隙较大时,无论它们之间是否有浮动电极,均可能发生相邻单元之间的放电串扰;同时,串扰还与工作电压有关,电压越高越容易发生串扰.模拟结果显示,串扰仅发生在最初几个维持放电脉冲期间.在单元之间插入浮动电极,可以有效地阻止单元之间的放电串扰而不影响Xe放电激发效率.     

维持电压对彩色交流等离子体显示器光电参量的影响

为了改善彩色交流等子体显示器（AC－PDP）的性能，采用静态测量法研究了维持电压脉冲幅度和频率对彩色AC－PDP着火电压，熄火电压，维持电压余度，平均放电电流，亮度，发光效率和白场色度等光电参量的影响。结果表明，随着维持电压幅度和频率（12.5-50kHz)的提高，等离子体显示器平均放电电流和亮度增加，白场色度基本保持不变，而发光效率降低；分析得出导致发光效率降低的主要原因是；Xe原子的自吸收现象和荧光粉的受激辐射饱和。因此，在确定驱动波形时，应在使显示器图像显示稳定的前提下，兼顾其亮度，发光效率，功耗和寿命，合理选择维持电压幅度和频率。     

驱动电压频率对荫罩式等离子显示屏的影响

研究了荫罩式等离子显示屏(SM-PDP)的驱动电压频率从100 kHz到250 kHz变化情况下,显示单元放电特性的变化.结果表明:随着驱动电压频率的提高,在相同的时间内放电次数增加,使产生的真空紫外辐射能量增加,可以提高显示的亮度,获得更高的对比度和灰度等级,同时壁电荷的积累减小,使单次放电反应变弱、放电效率降低,因而过高的驱动频率,也不能起到改善图像质量的作用;同时电极上的电流峰值减小,而其随时间的平均值增大,在设计驱动电路时,必须考虑其影响.因此在设计SM-PDP时合理的选择驱动电压的频率,可以使PDP的性能有很大的提高.     

一种新的交流等离子体显示器等效电路模型

基于气体放电特性，参照交流等离子体显示器(AC PDP)的放电单元结构，提出了一种新的AC PDP等效电路模型。该模型给出了几个描述放电单元的特性参量，可以对放电特性进行定量分析。与原有的等效模型相比，该模型电气特性更近似于AC PDP放电单元，可以更好地解释壁电荷产生的原因及AC PDP具有记忆特性的原因。采用Pspice软件对这种等效电路模型进行了模拟实验，通过对比PDP实验屏实验测量的Q-V关系曲线，验证了该AC PDP等效电路模型的合理性．该模型提供了一种对AC PDP的放电过程进行理论分析的工具，可以为驱动波形的设计提供参考。     

壁电荷对ACPDP中气体击穿电压的影响

用电容平衡法测量ACPDP宏放电单元在维持放电期的壁电荷变化,并根据宏放电单元壁电荷电压和外加最小维持电压的测量结果计算实际施加在放电气体上的击穿电压,探讨壁电荷电压对放电气体实际击穿电压的影响.实验结果表明:随着ACPDP外加最小维持电压的增加,壁电荷电压升高,气体的击穿电压也随之升高;有壁电荷时的气体击穿电压明显高于无壁电荷时的气体击穿电压,随着壁电荷电压从7.62 V升高到67.89 V,有壁电荷时的气体击穿电压比无壁电荷时的气体击穿电压分别提高了6.98 V到57.09 V;壁电荷增加会显著提高了放电气体的击穿电压阈值,使ACPDP内放电气体的击穿变得困难.     

电极结构对等离子体显示单元放电效率的影响

利用实验和数值模拟方法研究等离子体显示屏放电单元中的电极间隙、长度、壁障高度等不同参数对放电特性的影响.结果表明,放电效率随电极长度、间隙大小的增大而增大,壁障的存在也使效率略有增加并导致单元有效电容减小,但对放电电压影响很小.单元高度对放电效率影响不大,但可以降低同样间隙下的放电电压.合理选择电极结构可以在较低的维持电压下获得较高的放电效率.     

交流等离子体显示屏任意驱动波形壁电荷测量方法

为了解决交流等离子体显示屏 (ACPDP)在任意驱动波形下壁电荷测量的难题 ,提出了一种新的测量ACPDP显示屏壁电荷的方法 .该方法采用ACPDP显示屏中几何结构完全相同的 2组放电单元 ,分别串联 2个完全相同的电容器构成测量电路和参考电路 .测量电路包含的放电单元在常规驱动电压下能够放电 ,参考电路包含的放电单元在常规驱动电压下不会放电 ,2个电路并联构成平衡电路以消除位移电流的影响 .对测量电路和参考电路施加相同的驱动波形 ,测量 2个串联电容器之间的电压差即可得到壁电荷的值 .采用该方法 ,对 3电极表面放电ACPDP显示屏壁电荷进行了实际测量 ,首次获得了准备期、寻址期和维持期的壁电荷波形 .该方法对于ACPDP驱动波形的设计和优化具有重要的科学意义和应用价值     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.