基于改进的粘贴模型求解图最大独立集的DNA算法

改进的DNA粘贴模型在解决SAT问题时所需的寡核苷酸片段数量有显著降低,对改进的粘贴模型做了进一步的改进,建立了图最大独立集的一种改进的DNA粘贴模型.首先将图的独立集问题转化为可满足性问题,然后利用本文改进的粘贴模型给出了图的最大独立集的DNA算法.最后通过一个实例给出算法实现并求出了最大独立集.     

图顶点着色问题的改进粘贴DNA算法

针对目前存在的解决图顶点着色问题的DNA算法或DNA编码量过大或复杂度太高的问题,为了提高解题效率,将多级分离技术应用到图顶点着色问题的求解中,对解决该问题原有粘贴DNA算法加以改进;改进后的算法减少了操作步骤,达到了预期目的;最后,通过对一个实例的模拟,说明了改进算法的可行性.     

应用思维进化计算求解顶点着色问题

应用思维进化计算求解顶点着色问题,给出求解给定图的色数、最小着色的算法。介绍了顶点着色问题的编码与解码方法、特征、信息矩阵的概念,从而应用思维进化计算的趋同和异化求解该问题。实验结果表明该算法是求解顶点着色问题的一种新的有效算法。     

一些唯一3-着色图

如果用k种颜色对图G的顶点进行着色,使相邻顶点具有不同的颜色,那么称此种着色为G的一个正常k-着色(简称k-着色).图G的色数χ(G)是指使G可正常着色的最少颜色数,其中具有相同颜色的顶点集称为一个色类.如果对G的所有χ(G)-着色产生的色类是相同的,那么称G是唯一χ(G)-着色的.论文给出了一些唯一3-着色图.     

基于图着色的极大团求解算法

极大团问题是图论中一个经典的组合优化问题,也是一类NP完全问题,在国际上已有广泛的研究。作者在对其他现有极大团求解算法进行研究之后,设计了一种基于图着色思想的极大团求解算法。基本思想是通过不同的方式对随机图的相应补图进行顶点着色,寻找出所有顶点的极大独立集。而后返回到原图之中找出极大团,并且通过比较删减寻找到随机图的所有极大团。     

基于“DNA折纸术”设计图着色问题的解决方案

色数是图论中的一个重要的参数,其属于著名NP(Non-deterministic Polynomial)-完全问题范畴.巨量的着色方案使验证变得相当困难,以至于在传统计算机上无法实现.目前已经有多种算法用于研究图定点着色问题,比如遗传算法,粒子群算法,神经网络算法和模拟退火算法等.随着DNA自组装技术与DNA计算机研究的展开,一些NP-完全问题以及NP-难问题的计算模型被相继提出.除了传统的DNA分子结构被用作计算材料外,其他的DNA分子结构也被用于分子生物计算,比如质粒DNA分子、分子信标结构以及DNA Tile等.采用DNA纳米折纸结构编码信息,借助于纳米结构之间的粘性末端进行自组装,给出了一种非确定性的图着色模型.通过创建数以亿计的参与计算的DNA纳米折纸结构,该算法可以并行的测试每种可能的着色方案.     

图的k着色问题的DNA计算模型

DNA计算是一种新的并行计算模式,在解决NP完全问题等方面具有很大的优越性．利用DNA计算的计算特性给出了一个图的k着色问题的DNA计算模型,该算法最多需要3kn（n-1）/2＋6个生物操作即可求出图的色数及相应的着色模式．     

基于批分离实验的最大独立集问题DNA算法

根据解决最大独立集问题的需要,讨论了简化的粘贴模型,该模型只由单链DNA的存储链和分离板组成.以分离实验为基础提出了批分离实验和生化操作过程,该实验可以快速分离存储链.基于批分离实验设计了最大独立集问题的DNA算法,并给出其生化实现过程:先形成所有顶点子集的初始解空间;接着用批分离实验对每个顶点进行检测,筛选全部满足不相邻要求的顶点子集,从而得到全部独立集;然后通过电泳实验得到全部最大独立集;最后通过检测实验输出实验结果.讨论并证明了算法的正确性和复杂性,算法的操作次数是线性的,通过仿真实验说明了算法的有效性和可行性.     

路径幂图、Flower Snark图及多锥图独立数

图的独立数是图论中的重要参数,令G=(V(G),E(G))是一个简单有限无向图.如果V(G)的子集S中任意两个顶点均不相邻,则S是图G的一个独立集.顶点独立集大小的最大值,称为图G的独立数,记做α(G).研究了路径幂图、Flower Snark及其相关图、多锥图的独立数问题,首先构造出了它们的独立集,得到其独立数的下界,然后证明了该值也是其独立数的上界,并给出了它们独立数的准确值.     

基于生物芯片技术的地图四着色问题的DNA算法

基于先进的生物芯片技术、多种荧光标记技术和DNA计算理论提出了解决地图四着色问题的DNA算法,通过一个实例阐述了具体的DNA操作步骤,并对生化实验进行了计算机模拟,给出了所有可行的着色方案,证明了该算法的可行性。与已有的模型相比,该模型在解的准确性、计算复杂度以及操作的自动化方面都表现出了很强的优势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with