凹凸棒土负载纳米Fe/Ni的制备及其去除水中Zn(Ⅱ)性能研究

采用液相还原法制备以凹凸棒土为载体的纳米双金属Fe/Ni复合材料,通过Zn(Ⅱ)静态吸附试验,确定了除Zn(Ⅱ)效果最佳的Fe/Ni@ATP复合材料,即纳米铁与凹凸棒土的负载比为1∶2、Fe/Ni双金属中Ni掺杂比为2%,并考察了Zn(Ⅱ)初始浓度、pH及环境温度对该复合材料去除水中Zn(Ⅱ)效果的影响。结果表明,经过凹凸棒土负载和掺杂Ni改性以后,Fe/Ni@ATP复合材料的Zn(Ⅱ)去除率显著提高,颗粒团聚状况得到改善,比表面积明显增加。在实验条件范围内,较高的溶液pH值、环境温度以及较低的Zn(Ⅱ)初始浓度均有利于Fe/Ni@ATP复合材料对Zn(Ⅱ)的去除。该过程符合Langmuir吸附等温模型,吸附机理为零价铁表面氧化物与Zn(Ⅱ)的配合作用,此外,水中Zn(Ⅱ)也可以通过生成Zn(OH)_2沉淀的形式去除。     

固定化生物活性炭对矿山酸性废水中Zn2+的吸附性能

以筛选出的芬式纤维微菌属菌株T1为研究对象,研究了其用于固定化生物活性炭(IBAC)工艺对矿山酸性废水(AMD)中重金属Zn2+的吸附规律.结果表明,在水力负荷019m3·(m2·h)-1、气水体积比10∶1、水力停留时间380h,IBAC对Zn2+质量浓度10000mg/L,pH值4的酸性废水中Zn2+去除率达到7518%,且水质得到改善.共存离子Cu2+,Cd2+,Fe3+,Ni2+使IBAC对Zn2+的去除率降低.扫描电镜发现,菌株T1细胞成纤维状,且在活性炭颗粒表面附着生长,吸附Zn2+后细胞体积膨胀.EDS分析表明,固定在活性炭颗粒表面的微生物吸附大量Zn2+.反应动力学研究表明,IBAC吸附AMD中Zn2+基本符合一级反应动力学模型.     

多种介质修复磷石膏堆场渗滤液污染岩溶地下水

磷石膏堆场渗滤液对岩溶地下水的污染是亟待解决的重要问题。利用石灰石、沸石、膨润土、钢渣四种介质对磷石膏堆场渗滤液污染的岩溶地下水进行处理,分析了不同介质与粒径条件下的处理效果,并筛选出高效、无二次污染的处理介质及最佳粒径。结果表明,添加Ca(OH)_2调高pH有利于岩溶地下水中PO_4~(3-)、F~-、SO_4~(2-)、Mg、Fe、Mn的去除,Fe、Mn、Mg浓度均低于检测限;石灰石、沸石、膨润土、钢渣对PO_4~(3-)的去除率均在98.0%以上,对F-平均去除率分别为93.3%、94. 1%、88.8%、89.1%,对SO_4~(2-)平均去除率分别为74.1%、70.7%、73.3%、79.6%,选用石灰石、膨润土、沸石作为反应介质。通过粒径筛选实验,150目膨润土、3～16目石灰石、16～32目沸石处理后的岩溶地下水中Fe、Mn、Mg浓度均低于检测限,PO_4~(3-)、F~-、SO_4~(2-)去除率分别为99.3%、91.6%、73.1%,99.7%、87.1%、84.0%,99.3%、87.5%、65.8%。通过实验初步确定选用150目膨润土、3～16目石灰石、16～32目沸石作为处理介质。研究结果可为磷石膏堆场渗滤液污染的岩溶地下水修复提供重要的基础数据。     

疏水性腐植酸酯醚的制备及其对草枯醚农药水污染的修复机制

草枯醚作为一种二苯醚类除草剂,曾在20世纪70~90年代大量使用,是一种典型的持久性有机污染物.禁用20年来,其在水、土壤环境中仍有检出,严重威胁农业生态安全.实验采用缩水甘油醚对前期制备的腐植酸酯(HAE)进行化学改性,调控合成强疏水性的腐植酸酯醚(HAEE)吸附材料,用于水中草枯醚吸附去除.通过傅里叶红外光谱表征、疏水角测定,可以表明HAEE不仅保留了芳香核和类酯结构,同时疏水角由改性前的30°提高到96°.此外,通过HAEE对水中草枯醚的吸附行为,探究HAEE对水中草枯醚农药污染的修复机制,结果表明:HAEE对草枯醚的吸附量随疏水性的增强而增大;吸附在2.0h即达平衡;并符合Lagergren二级动力学方程;吸附等温线契合Freundlich模型;HAEE经5次再生后,对草枯醚的去除率仍在78%以上.HAEE对草枯醚的吸附机制以疏水分配和π-π作用为主.实验制备的疏水性HAEE对草枯醚的吸附,可为水、土壤环境中草枯醚的污染修复提供理论依据.     

金属有机骨架MIL-100(Fe)担载CeO_2复合脱硝催化剂抗硫性能研究

在选择催化还原(selective catalytic reduction,SCR)反应中,SO_2对脱硝催化剂活性具有重要影响.通过浸渍法制备的金属有机骨架(metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)MIL-100(Fe)(materials of Institute Lavoisier,MIL)担载CeO_2的CeO_2/MIL-100(Fe)催化剂在250℃含有500×10~(-6) SO_2的条件下,对NO_x转化率在10h内可以稳定在91%以上,高于MIL-100(Fe)催化剂的83%.原位红外漫反射傅里叶变换谱实验结果表明,SO2会导致MIL-100(Fe)催化剂表面B酸性位上NH_4~+物种的吸附强度降低,由此导致了含硫SCR反应中NO_x转化率下降.CeO_2/MIL-100(Fe)催化剂中由于添加了CeO_2,有效地减弱了SO2对催化剂表面B酸性位上NH_4~+物种吸附强度的影响,提高了含硫条件下NO_x的转化率,增强了复合催化剂在SCR反应中的抗硫性能.     

脱硫酸菌去除煤矿酸性废水中硫酸盐的初步研究

利用不同时代不同成因天然黄土中的脱硫酸菌去除煤矿酸性废水中的硫酸根,以葡萄糖作碳源,探讨了加不同量碳源情况下硫酸根的最高去除率,并对重碳酸根和pH值的变化作定量测定,研究了脱硫酸菌的几种影响条件。实验结果表明,利用自然界黄土中的脱硫酸菌来去除硫酸根的思路可行,向黄土中投加碳源,黄土中的天然脱硫酸菌去除硫酸根最大去除率可达81.9%。马兰黄土中脱硫酸菌对硫酸根的最高去除率要高于离石黄土,马兰黄土加1 200 mg/L葡萄糖时对硫酸根去除效果最好,最大去除率为81.9%;离石黄土加800 mg/L葡萄糖时对硫酸根去除效果最好,最大去除率为73.6%。     

有机改性凹凸棒土吸附微污染水中苯酚的试验研究

研究了用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)改性凹凸棒土对微污染水中苯酚的吸附性能、影响因素及其再生后吸附效果.结果表明:PDMDAAC改性凹凸棒土对微污染水中苯酚具有较强的吸附能力,在pH=6~8、苯酚浓度为10 mg/L、投加量为40 g/L、吸附时间40 min的条件下,吸附去除率达89%;改性后的凹凸棒土可用碱进行再生,再生后对苯酚的吸附能力没有明显下降;改性凹凸棒土的静态吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附等温方程.     

Ce改性Fe-Mn磁性吸附剂脱汞及再生特性研究

采用共沉淀法制备Ce改性Fe-Mn磁性吸附剂(Fe6Mn1-xCex),在固定床实验系统进行Fe6Mn1-xCex吸附剂的汞吸附及热再生实验,考察Ce添加量、烟气温度、SO2质量浓度和再生次数等因素对脱汞的影响,利用N2吸附/脱附、振动磁强计(VSM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等手段对吸附剂进行物化特性表征,分析其脱汞与...     

亚硫酸钠-Fe(Ⅱ)-溶解氧对酸性紫FBL降解脱色的研究

以酸性紫FBL为降解目标,采用亚硫酸钠-Fe(Ⅱ)-溶解氧体系产生的硫酸根自由基(·SO4-)降解酸性紫FBL脱色,比较了不同体系的降解脱色性能,考察了pH值、Fe~(2+)浓度、SO_3~(2-)浓度、空气流量、酸性紫FBL的初始浓度对降解脱色的影响。结果表明,在最佳的实验条件为:pH=7.0,Fe2+浓度为0.75 mmol/L,SO_3~(2-)浓度为1.25 mmol/L,空气流量为0.70 L/min,污染物浓度为128 mg/L。经过40 min的降解脱色,酸性紫FBL溶液的脱色率可达到94%以上。     

独一味中六种微量元素的形态分析

按照传统煎煮法对中药独一味中六种微量元素(Cu、Mn、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg)的初级和次级形态进行提取,采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定其含量,并用正辛醇/水分配体系研究了提取液中这六种微量元素在模拟人体肠胃环境中的分配情况.结果显示:独一味中六种元素在原药中含量特征为Ca﹥Mg﹥Fe﹥Mn﹥Zn﹥Cu;总提取率为18.75~54.76%,浸留比为0.23~1.24.六种元素的可溶态含量均远低于颗粒态,而且大多为无机结合态,少量为有机态结合;Mn、Mg、Zn和Ca主要以游离形态存在,Cu和Fe却主要以不可交换的形态存在;Mg、Zn在正辛醇/水分配体系中的溶出性受酸碱性影响较大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with