装配整体式钢筋混凝土空腹网架结构的设计与研究

我们研究并设计了一种新型空间平板网架结构。摒弃了传统的以钢管或型钢为材料的方法,采用装配整体式钢筋混凝土构件;打破了传统的平面静定桁架交叉组成网架体系的概念,采用了超静定空腹刚架交叉组成平板网格体系的新概念;在制造方面,采用预制厂制造小拼装单元,现场采用预应力或非预应应力拼装的新工艺,为结构标准化、定型化、厂工化提供了良好的保证。这种新型结构,还具有许多特点:造价经济,除用钢量减少外,更重要的是用普通钢筋代替价格较高的钢管与型钢;不管网架是正交正放还是正交斜放,现场拼装只有两根杆相连,使安装工序大为简化;无斜腹杆,网架空腹部份形成一良好的设备层;上弦带板,既可作屋面又可作楼面,使板架合一;无防锈蚀问题,特别是有酸、碱作用及潮湿环境的建筑,更显示其优越性;对于柱网较大(如12×12;18×18等)的多层房屋,其适应性强;结构的力学性能好(如刚度、稳定性及抗震等)。在内力分析方面,我们采用了连续化与离散化两种力学模型的各种方法。并在此基础上设计建造了三个空腹网架结构,有作楼面的也有作屋面的,实践证明,它是一种良好的结构型式。     

斜放类空间平板网架考虑剪切变形交叉梁系力法

文[1],[2]、[3]提出的交叉梁系力法及荷载分配法均是以力法原理为基础,是分析正放类交叉梁系平板网架各杆内力的一种较好的方法,并建立了不同边界条件的各类典型方程。它们的优点是简单易懂,计算机所需容量小,且计算精度满足工程设计要求。但是斜放类平板网架,特别是具有点支承的斜放类平板网架,文[1]、[2]、[3]的典型方程就不完全适用,而拟夹层板法也仅适用于正放类平板网架,因为斜放类的各向异性板,其微分方程十分复杂,求解困难。本文根据斜放类平板网架的力学特性,推导出在各种边界条件下的力法典型方程,并考虑腹杆剪切变形的影响,从而扩大了力法解的应用范围,为编制正交正放、正交斜放平板网架力法解的计算用表建立完整的理论基础。本文已在某体育馆的正交斜放网架屋盖中应用(44×44~M),其计算精度满足设计要求,创造了用小型微机(PC—1500)分析较大跨度平板网架杆件内力的先例。     

网架结构支座对内力影响的研究

通过某网架在混凝土结构整体模型与单独模型中不同支座假定对内力影响的对比,总结得出网架与下部混凝土结构整体建模与单独分析对内力的差异。确定何种情况单独分析网架与整体分析中内力差异在工程中可以忽略,以及网架支座设置方式不同的优劣讨论,最后通过模拟个别支座失效,定性研究网架内力重分布。     

三层组合网架研究

本文在双层组合网架的基础上提出了一种新的空间结构——三层组合网架。计算和分析了该结构的经济性、合理形式、适用范围、最优网格数和最优高度、结构性能等。与相应的双层组合网架以及双层、三层网架对比之后发现,中等以上跨度(45m左右)时,三层组合网架是一种非常优越的结构形式,为三层组合网架的实际应用提供了依据。     

三层网架的优化设计研究

通过对不同屋面组成、不同跨度和不同支承位置的4种形式的三层网架进行优化分析、求得了在给定条件下的最优网格尺寸和网架高度。通过二层与三层网架的对比计算分析、提出了三层网架的适用范围。     

三层网架的静力分析和结构选型

通过对不同支承条件不同边长比的七种形式的六十二种三层网架进行静力特性研究,得出了三层网架内力、反力及位移的分布规律。讨论了三层网架的边桁架及中层弦杆的作用。提出了不同条件下三层网架的选型问题。     

对斜放四角锥网架几个主要问题的探讨

本文根据设计实例和已建的三十多个半螺栓球节点斜放四角锥网架,进行内力和技术经济分析比较得知:30米左右跨度的斜放四角锥网架用钢量最省;网格大小及网架高度等参数对用钢量有较大的影响;设置赘杆能较好地调整杆件内力,降低造价。因此,本文对斜放四角锥网架的设计与施工具有实用参考价值。     

钢屋架下弦槽钢吊顶事故的加固处理方法

某影剧院是以放映宽银幕立体声电影和一般性文艺戏曲演出的群众性文化娱乐综合建筑。共分三部分：前厅，五层全框架结构，是办公、娱乐性用房；中厅为观众厅， 一层框架柱高18.6米，上为24米跨钢屋架，上铺1500mm×6000mm大型槽形板；后厅为舞台和演出用房，总建筑面积5608平方米。钢屋架共三榀，开间为6米，钢屋架下弦设纵向槽钢［100×48×5主龙骨，间距2.5米。上面纵横方向各设五道马道，下面设轻钢龙骨吊顶，纸面石膏板面层，中龙骨为L45×45×4与［100×48×5用φ16钢筋吊杆连接。1 施工检查中发现的问题1.1屋架下弦与［100×48×5连…     

加权残数法在双曲扁壳有矩理论中的应用

文[1]讨论的加权残数法在正交正放类平板网架夹层板法中的应用,具有推导简单,內力挠度表达式简练易懂的优点。本文讨论的是将加权残数法由平板型结构推广到曲面壳体型结构的应用。工程界常用的壳体结构,以双曲率扁壳为多,但当跨度较大时,一般均采用符拉索夫(BπaCOB)的有矩理论[2]即建立两个高阶偏微分方程作为基本方程,通过单三角级数法或纳维尔(Navicy)双三角级数法求解出内力函数φ与法向位移ω。但是,单三角级数法求出的挠度、内力表式冗长,计算麻烦。纳维尔法所得的内力表达式虽然比较简单,但推导过程不如加权残数直接、简单。利用本文方法推导的双曲扁壳内力、挠度表达式与用纳维尔法所得结果完全吻合,说明其计算精度与收敛性均达到满意的结果。我们用本文的方法设计了18×18~M和36×37.5~M两个钢筋混凝土双曲扁壳结构,以证明其实用价值。     

三层及多层网架的应用和研究

本文论述了什么是三层,多层网架,该种网架的用途,国内外应用的实例,以及国外的研究概况。三层网架的性能,不仅取决于其形式和用钢量,而且受到支承的布置、边支撑与中层的影响。本文着重论述了常用的三层网架的形式,边支撑和中层的作用,支承的布置方法等,以及它们对杆件內力和挠度的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~