聚合物B位前驱体法制备锆钛酸铅纳米复相陶瓷微观结构

采用前驱体法合成了钙钛矿型B位离子氧化物固溶体,以此作为B位先驱体与碳酸铅通过固相反应在740℃合成A位缺铅的亚稳态钙钛矿型锆钛酸铅(PZT)固溶体.烧结过程中纳米级四方和单斜ZrO2纳米粒子从固溶体中析出.借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜对物相、组成和微观结构进行了分析.随ZrO2的加入量增加,断口从沿晶穿晶混合断裂变为穿晶断裂.研究表明,采用聚合物B位前驱体法成功制备出内晶型锆钛酸铅纳米复相陶瓷.     

纳米ZrO2的合成及其对稀土元素Yb的吸附行为研究

文中研究了以纳米ZrO2为固相萃取吸附剂,分离富集痕量Yb（III）的简单方法。采用溶胶—凝胶法制备了纳米级ZrO2,用光度法分析了纳米ZrO2对Yb（III）的吸附与洗脱条件,获得了纳米ZrO2吸附Yb（III）的最佳吸附酸度、吸附时间、吸附剂用量以及最佳洗脱剂用量、洗脱时间。结果表明：在pH值为8.5,吸附时间为1h,吸附剂用量为20mg时,纳米ZrO2能定量吸附Yb（III）,且吸附率大于93.0%,吸附效果理想;采用0.006mol/LHCl为洗脱剂,洗脱时间为10min时,可对Yb（III）进行定量洗脱,洗脱率达到100%。     

纳米ZrO2的超声沉淀法制备与表征

将超声辐射应用于以氯氧化锆(ZrOCl2·8H2O)和氨水(NH3·H2O)为原料的沉淀法制备纳米ZrO2粉体的工艺过程,制备出纳米ZrO2粉体。通过XRD、DTA／TG和SEM等技术研究了纳米ZrO2的合成过程及粉体性能。结果表明:超声辐射引入普通沉淀法,超声波的空化作用可使前驱体颗粒细化,抑制其团聚并延缓其向凝胶转变,从而可制备出ZrO2 纳米粉体;这种方法所得纳米ZrO2粒子外貌为球形,粒度分布均匀,分散性好。     

针状Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6纳米晶体的结构及其强蓝色发光性能研究

采用低温固相法合成了针状碱式碳酸锌（Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6）纳米结构.使用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和光致发光光谱（PL）表征并研究了所制备样品的微观结构特征和光致发光性能.研究结果表明：Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6针状纳米结构中存在大量的缺陷.光致发光特性显示出在紫外光激发下,Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6针状纳米粒子产生了强蓝色发光现象.在对Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6纳米结构微观结构研究的基础上,我们对纳米结构发光性能作了合理的解释.Zn5 （CO3）2（OH）6针状纳米粒子的强蓝色发光特性主要为纳米粒子中的大量缺陷所致.这种Zn5（CO3）2（OH）6针状纳米结构在光电领域具有潜在的应用价值.     

影响Li_2ZrO_3材料吸收CO_2性能的因素

以四方相ZrO2为原料,采用固相反应法合成了一系列用于高温下可直接吸收CO2的Li2ZrO3材料.使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及热重分析仪(TG)分别对其进行了结构、形貌及其吸收CO2性能的表征.实验结果表明,原料ZrO2的粒径影响Li2ZrO3材料吸收CO2的性能,与微米级ZrO2相比,以纳米级ZrO2为原料合成的材料其吸收CO2的速度明显变快.Li2ZrO3材料的结构影响材料吸收CO2的性能,单斜相Li2ZrO3材料几乎对CO2无吸收,而以四方相为主相的Li2ZrO3材料具有较好的吸收CO2的性能.此外,气氛中CO2的分压影响材料吸收CO2的速度。     

热压ZrO2/MoSi2复合材料的强韧化效果与机制

用纳米尺寸的ZrO2粒子对MoSi2的增韧补强效果及其作用机制进行了初步研究和探讨.结果证明不含Y2O3稳定剂的ZrO2颗粒对MoSi2的增韧效果显著,而含Y2O3稳定剂的ZrO2颗粒的增韧效果有限.前者的增韧机制主要以微裂纹增韧为主,致使室温断裂强度有所降低;后者主要是应力诱发的相变增韧为主,故断裂韧性与强度同时得到了提高.断口分析表明复合材料中ZrO2粒子使MoSi2的断裂模式从穿晶型向准解理穿晶或沿晶型"碎化"断裂模式转变,这种断裂模式的转变与断裂韧性的提高相对应.另外还发现应力诱发相变增韧效果有限可能与基体晶粒较粗以及纳米粒子在热压过程中的团聚长大有关.     

锆酸锂的合成及其吸收CO2性能研究

以纳米级四方相ZrO2(t)为反应物,采用高温固相法合成了在高温下可直接吸收CO2的Li2ZrO3材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)分别分析了所合成材料的表面与结构特征,使用热重分析仪(TG)研究了Li2ZrO3材料吸收CO2的性能。实验结果表明,吸收温度影响材料吸收CO2的性能,500℃下Li2ZrO3材料具有最佳的CO2吸收性能。此外,CO2气体流量、Li2ZrO3材料样品重量以及升温速率均影响材料吸收CO2的性能。     

微波合成非晶形ZrO2纳米粒子

在Zr(NO3)4@5H2O、聚乙二醇(PEG)和脲的水溶液中,通过微波加热合成了约8nm的非晶形ZrO2纳米粒子,并用XRD、TEM进行了表征.     

微波合成非晶形ZrO_2纳米粒子

在Zr(NO3) 4·5H2 O、聚乙二醇 (PEG)和脲的水溶液中 ,通过微波加热合成了约 8nm的非晶形ZrO2 纳米粒子 ,并用XRD、TEM进行了表征。     

亲油性金纳米粒子的制备及表征

利用相转移法合成了在有机溶剂中有很好分散性的十二胺表面修饰金纳米粒子。通过调节金盐与十二胺的物质的量比可以得到不同尺寸分布的金纳米粒子,其中刀（金盐）：n（十二胺）=1：10时,平均粒径最小,并且以选择性沉淀分离法将其分离成尺寸不同、接近单分散的3部分：运用紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）,红外光谱（IR）、X-射线衍射（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）对金纳米粒子进行了相关表征和分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that