绿地草坪混播组合方案灰色—回归最优设计

运用三因素饱和最优设计原理和灰色局势评价方法 ,对以草地早熟禾为建群种 ,混播紫羊茅、多年生黑麦草的绿地草坪组合方案进行了灰色—回归最优分析 .结果表明 ,当草地早熟禾占 6 2 %,紫羊茅占 2 0 %,多年生黑麦草占 18%,总播种量为 15 5 g/m2 时为最优组合     

不同混播组合草坪质量模糊—回归综合评价

运用三因素饱和最优原理和模糊综合评价方法，根据草坪密度、高度、质地、地上生物量、地下生物量、综合评分等六项指标，对以草地早熟禾为建群种，混播紫羊茅、多年生黑麦草的不同组合绿地草坪质量进行了模糊综合评价和回归成分析，模糊综合评价结果表明，在供试的11个混播组合中，当草地早熟禾占67％。紫羊茅占17％，多年生黑麦草占16％，总播种量为15．0g/m^2时，这一组合的模糊隶属度值最大，即第11组合为最佳组合，在模糊综合评价的基础上，把握模糊隶属度值作为因变量，建立了二次咽归模型，通过对回归模型进行寻优计算，得到最优解为：X＝－0．3499，X2＝－0．394，X＝0．271，Y－0．7988，即：草地早熟禾占62％，紫羊茅占20％，多年生黑麦草占18％，总播种量为14．5g.m^2，此结果接近于第11组合，与模糊综合评价结果相似，通过模糊－回归综合评价结果表明，在本试验的生境和管理条件下，在以山地早熟禾为建群种，混播紫羊茅、多年生黑麦草的最佳组合比例是草地早熟禾为9．1－10g/m^2，紫羊茅为2．5－2．6g/m^2，多年生黑麦草为2．5－2．8g/m^2，总播种量为14．5－15．5g/m^2，以这一组合建模的草坪在成坪初期，坪用综合性状最好。     

无土草坪草根系生长状况的测定与探析

用无土栽培的方式种植草坪,通过对多年生黑麦草(Lolium paenne L.)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)、紫羊茅(Festucarubia L.)、草地早熟禾(Poapratensis L.)四种草的根系生长速度的测定。得知,多年生黑麦草>高羊茅>紫羊茅>草地早熟禾。但多年生黑麦草、高羊茅和紫羊茅属弱根茎丛生草,结网抗拉能力差。草地早熟禾生长虽慢,但有根茎,结网抗拉能力强,但成网所需时间较长。因此,要达到一个理想的效果,应采用不同草种按一定比例混播。     

液压喷播植草在护坡绿化上的应用研究

洛湛铁路湖南邵阳至永州段路基边坡的植物防护工程,应用液压喷播技术,将狗牙根、白三叶、高羊茅、黑麦草等草种与配合各种材料组成的基质进行混植种植。本文较为系统的阐述了液压喷播植草的施工工艺与方法,为今后在同类地面开展边坡绿化提供参数依据。     

不同混播方式下苜蓿＋无芒雀麦人工草地生产力动态研究

2006-2007年在地处西辽河平原的内蒙古民族大学试验农场。对不同混播方式下紫花苜蓿＋无芒雀麦人工草地生产力动态进行研究．结果表明,紫花苜蓿的株高混播低于单播,而无芒雀麦株高则混播高于单播．返青期同行混播、间行混播生产力均高于单播苜蓿和单播无芒雀麦;苜蓿进入现蕾期之后混播生产力低于单播苜蓿而高于单播无芒雀麦,间行混播生产力高于同行混播．生长前期无芒雀麦的组分比例间行混播高于同行混播,生长后期二者组分比例趋于一致．间行混播种间干扰大于种内干扰出现的时期晚于同行混播,同行混播下无芒雀麦的竞争力总体上高于间行混播下的竞争力．     

高羊茅与黑麦草混播种间相互作用对密度效应的响应

以人工草地生态系统为对象,分析在各生长发育阶段,随密度水平变化植物间正、负相互作用的转化,采用复合De Wit取代试验设计,研究了高羊茅与黑麦草生长前期、中期、后期,不同种植密度(低(32株/钵)、中(64株/钵)、高(128株/钵))水平上的叶片长和宽、根长、生物量及根冠比变化。结果表明:单播时,两种草叶片宽度在各个时期都受到密度制约; 叶片长度、根长、干质量及根冠比在生长前、中期没有严格受密度效应制约,而后期均随密度增大而减小。混播的植株形态与生物量在后期显著高于单播方式,并且种植密度越大该现象出现越早,此外生物量随密度增加下降的程度也小于单播; 中、后期混播根冠比显著小于单播。混播时正、负相互作用的表现依赖于生长时期和密度梯度,特别在生长后期,混播有助于该生态系统的稳定。同一时期内高密度使正作用削弱,但有利于正作用在较早时期产生。混播可能引起两个草种对潜在生态位的利用,出现生态位分化。因此,在生长后期,同一密度下混播草种间表现出正相互作用,而不同密度又表现出负相互作用,说明混播草坪生态系统比单播的草坪更加稳定。     

干旱荒漠区观赏性草坪的建植管理技术试验

经过试验,总结出了一套适合在干旱荒漠区种植观赏性草坪的建植管理技术.干旱荒漠区选择草地早熟禾占70％、多年生黑麦草占10％、高羊茅占20％共15个品种,以18g/m2的播种量混播下种,播种后坪床用细沙覆盖0.3～0.5cm,苗前和苗期喷灌浇水,加强抚育管理,建坪当年其品质评定指标可达到5级,且青绿期长,翌年返青早,观赏...     

放牧型牛鞭草混播草地的建植与利用研究

通过对新建植的放牧型扁穗牛鞭草混播草地在超载条件下连续4年的植被调查分析，探讨了该草地的放牧演替规律，结果表明，采用扁穗牛鞭草＋狗牙根．＋百喜草＋苇状羊茅＋多年生黑麦草＋白三叶混播组合，可建立扁穗牛鞭草＋狗牙根-百喜草-白三叶型草地，该草地超载利用多年，植物群落稳定，生产力高，耐牧性好，可作为我国温暖湿润气候区放牧型人工草地的适宜类型．     

锦阜高速公路边坡防护植物的单种选择

通过种植试验,筛选适宜的高速公路边坡防护植物,结果表明:无芒雀麦成坪时间最短;胡枝子、紫穗槐不能正常成坪,不适合单播;紫花苜蓿绿期最长,紫羊茅和多年生黑麦草不能安全越夏;禾本科无芒雀麦的综合适应性最好,在边坡植被恢复中可单播,其他几种禾本科植物不适合单播.     

播种方式对紫花苜蓿＋无芒雀麦人工草地土壤剖面养分分布的影响

采用田间调查取样和室内分析相结合的方法,2007年在内蒙古民族大学农学院试验农场以2年生单播紫花苜蓿、单播无芒雀麦、隔行混播和同行混播人工草地为研究对象,采用分层取样法研究了不同播种方式对土壤理化性质的影响,结果表明：在牧草生长期间单播无芒雀麦草地土壤容重最小,紫花苜蓿草地土壤容重最大;单播无芒雀麦、隔行混播和同行混播草地0～20cm土层有机质含量大于单播紫花苜蓿草地,20～30cm不显著,30～40cm单播紫花苜蓿草地显著增加,分别是隔行混播草地、同行混播和单播无芒雀麦草地的1.11、1.72和1.94倍;速效N单播无芒雀麦草地最低,速效P、速效K单播紫花苜蓿草地最低.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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