连续式泡沫分离去除水中低含量锌离子的研究

采用连续式泡沫分离法对水中的锌离子的去除进行了研究,考察了pH值、表面活性剂的浓度、溶气压力、溶气水流量、进料量和硫酸铝质量浓度等因素的影响.当水中的锌离子初始质量浓度为10 mg/L,pH值为11,采用α-烯基磺酸钠(AOS)做表面活性剂且质量浓度为15 mg/L,进料60 L/h,溶气水流量为300 L/h时,去除率可达98.37%.     

气浮法去除水中铅离子的实验研究

萃取法等传统分离方法在处理含铅稀水溶液时，效果较差；膜分离等新型技术存在膜中毒和再生等技术问题对采用沉淀气浮法去除水中的微量铅(含铅10mg／L)进行了研究，讨论了各种因素对去除率的影响，实验结果表明在表面活性剂质量浓度为20mg/L，铝铅摩尔比为3：1，pH值为9～10时处理效果较好，去除率可达97％。     

连续流泡沫分离法去除水中的Cr(Ⅵ)

采用连续式泡沫分离法处理废水中的Cr（Ⅵ），考察了pH值、阳离子表面活性剂质量浓度、气量、回流量、进水流量、液位高度等因素对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率的影响规律．分析发现最佳的操作条件是pH值为4．00、气量为0．10m^3／h、回流量15．0L／h、进水1．0L／h、表面活性剂质量浓度为300．0mg／L、液位高为105．0cm,此时去除率88．5％．实验结果表明，连续式泡沫分离技术处理水中的Cr（Ⅵ）效果比较稳定．     

用壳聚糖脱除废水中的铜离子

研究了利用脱乙酰基壳聚糖絮凝剂絮凝除铜的方法.考察了氢氧化物、pH值、铜离子质量浓度、絮凝时间以及絮凝温度对去除率的影响.当pH=8时,用壳聚糖吸附铜离子,水样铜离子质量浓度低于100 mg.L-1时,除铜率在99%以上;即使铜离子原始质量浓度在400 mg.L-1,残液铜离子质量浓度仍符合国家废水排放标准.用NaOH絮凝沉淀,pH=11时,除铜率达100%,耗碱量大,不符合废水排放的酸度要求.     

废水中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的Fenton氧化降解

研究了废水中阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的Fenton氧化降解.考察了H2O2及Fe2+的浓度、pH值和反应时间对去除效果的影响.优化后的降解反应的条件是:pH为3.0,H2O2与CTAB浓度质量比为1:2.3,Fe2+质量浓度为20.0 mg·L-1.当CTAB初始质量浓度为20.0 mg·L-1时,在最佳反应条件下,CTAB的去除率可在30 min达到90%以上,H2O2浓度的增大有助于提高TOC的去除率.降解产物中检出CHOOH和CO2等.实验结果表明Fenton氧化降解法可以快速有效除去废水中的季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂.     

铝锆柱撑蒙脱石处理Cr(Ⅵ)废水的应用研究

比较了膨润土原土及铝锆柱撑蒙脱石处理Cr(Ⅵ )废水的性能 ,探讨了蒙脱石用量、Cr(Ⅵ )废水浓度、pH值等因素对膨润土吸附Cr(Ⅵ )实验的影响 .结果表明 :铝锆柱撑蒙脱石对Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附效果比原土有较大提高 ;Cr(Ⅵ )废水的pH值、膨润土用量对Cr(Ⅵ )吸附效率影响较大 .当pH =2 ,柱撑膨润土用量为 6g·L- 1 ,对浓度为 5 0mg·L- 1 Cr(Ⅵ )吸附率几乎达 10 0 % .铝锆柱撑蒙脱石应用于化工厂的铬渣浸出液中Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附效果显著 .铝锆柱撑蒙脱石对Cr(Ⅵ )的吸附包括表面物理吸附与层间离子化学吸附 .     

电吸附法去除水中CTAB的研究

采用电吸附法去除水中的离子型表面活性CTAB,利用全自动表面张力仪测定了CTAB的CMC值,研究了电压、支持电解质、pH及初始浓度等因素对CTAB去除率的影响.结果表明,CTAB的CMC值为180 mg/L;适当增大电压,有助于提高去除速率,缩短平衡时间,且平衡时的去除率也相应增大,最佳吸附电压为2.5 V;去除率随支持电解质浓度及pH值的升高而升高,随初始浓度的升高而降低.电吸附法可有效去除水中的离子型表面活性剂CTAB,为水中表面活性剂的处理提供了一种新思路.     

化学镀法制备镍包铜复合粉末

采用化学镀法制备镍包铜复合粉末,通过研究化学镀过程中还原剂、络合剂及稳定剂的质量浓度、温度、pH值等因素对沉积速率的影响规律得出化学镀镍的优化条件.利用XRD、SEM和EDS等测试手段对优化条件下制备的复合粉末进行表征.研究结果表明:当硫酸镍质量浓度30g·L-1,铜粉质量浓度10g·L-1,联氨质量浓度60g·L-1,柠檬酸钠质量浓度50g·L-1,硫脲质量浓度10~20mg·L-1,控制温度80~90℃,pH=10,超声功率50W时,镀层沉积速度较快,复合粉末表面镍包覆层均匀,包覆层厚度为0.29μm.     

Nano-HCO吸附剂的制备及其除As(Ⅲ)性能

采用溶胶沉淀结合超声分散处理的方法,制备平均粒径为70 nm,比表面积为212 m2.g-1的纳米级水合氧化铈(Nano-HCO)吸附剂.在pH值为4~10,初始As(Ⅲ)质量浓度为10 mg.L-1,吸附剂投加量为1.0 g.L-1的反应条件下,可在2 h内将溶液中As(Ⅲ)质量浓度降低到0.01 mg.L-1以下.Nano-HCO吸附剂对砷的吸附等温线服从Langmuir方程,对应不同pH值,其对As(Ⅲ)的吸附容量较未经超声分散处理的水合氧化铈提高29%~141%,且水温的升高有助于增加As(Ⅲ)的吸附程度.     

泥沙质量浓度和pH对不同粒径泥沙吸附磷影响研究

以北京大兴南海子湖表层沉积物为研究对象,测试分析了粒径φ0.246mm、泥沙在含沙质量浓度为5、10、30、50g·L-1对磷的吸附过程,以及细砂(0.147～0.246 mm)、极细砂(0.074～0.147 mm)、粉粒(0.038 5～0.074 0mm)和粉粒粘粒混合物(≤0.038 5mm)4种粒径泥沙在不同pH值条件下对磷的吸附行为.研究结果表明:二级动力学方程能够比较理想地反映南海子泥沙对磷的吸附动力学过程(R20.98),吸附平衡时单位质量泥沙饱和吸附量由大到小排序为:粉粒黏粒混合物(0.107mg·g-1)、粉粒(0.096mg·g-1)、细砂(0.095mg·g-1)、极细砂(0.051mg·g-1)·pH值对极细砂、粉粒、粉粒黏粒混合物影响相似,pH值为4～10之间,吸附量变化不大,在pH10时,吸附量降低,pH4时,吸附量升高.在磷初始质量浓度ρ01.2mg·L-1时,随着泥沙质量浓度增大水溶液中磷吸附的绝对量升高,从最大吸附容量(Xm)来看,单位质量泥沙吸附磷量降低,泥沙之间对磷的吸附存在竞争且与磷初始质量浓度有关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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