Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金相变弛豫特性的研究

文章研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti多晶形状记忆合金的相变弛豫特性.实验结果表明,合金的相变内耗峰实际上由2个不同的内耗峰组成,低温内耗峰的峰值与频率对数呈现峰形函数关系,随升温速率的增加,频率峰向高频方向移动,相变弛豫时间减小;高温内耗峰的峰值与频率倒数成直线关系,随升温速率的增加,直线斜率变大,表明低频测量时升温速率对相界面法向运动的驱动作用更强.     

热弹性马氏体相变内耗峰的研究

采用不完全相变内耗测量法,研究了CuAlNiMnTi多晶合金在热弹性马氏体相变时内耗峰与外界变量的依赖关系;实验结果发现,测量频率较低时,内耗峰分解成双峰,随不完全相变温度ts的降低,双峰逐渐合并;高温内耗峰呈现出明显的反常振幅效应。     

热弹性马氏体相变的内耗双峰现象

采用不完全马氏体相变法在0.01～10Hz范围内对CuAlNiMnTi多晶合金原位测量了内耗(IF)和相对动力学模量(RDM)。首次发现在完全马氏体相变中产生的单一相变内耗峰实质上是由两个不同的相变内耗峰叠加而成的,其中高温内耗峰(PH)对应于RDM的快速上升处(拐点),而低温内耗峰(PL)对应于RDM的最小值,峰位均与频率无关,因此属于相变内耗峰。     

热弹性马氏体相变弛豫特性的研究

文章研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金热弹性马氏体相变的弛豫特性.实验结果表明,母相的本征内耗随振动频率的降低而衰减,在某一临界频率下出现内耗峰.随着等温测量温度的降低,内耗峰的峰高增加,峰位降低,这说明马氏体相变前母相内部已经发生了预相变,该弛豫应归结为滞弹性弛豫.当升温速率为0.25～3.80℃/min时,滞弹...     

不同一级相变材料的内耗峰形成机制

试验研究了3种一级相变材料的相变过程,即非晶PdNiCuP的晶化与无序和有序型相变、形状记忆合金Cu 11.9Al 2.5Mn的无扩散位移型相变以及共析合金Zn 22Al的共析相变,设计并测量了3种材料的电阻和内耗,并采用插值法获得不同温度下内耗与频率的关系曲线.结果表明,3种材料的相变内耗峰不是弛豫型内耗峰,而是弛豫参数发生突变的结果,相变内耗峰高度与频率的关系是弛豫的表现.在低温区域,观测到其相变内耗峰的结构弛豫现象,并可用结构失稳和结构弛豫的概念定性解释升温速率对相变内耗峰高度的影响.     

La5/6Li1/6MnO3的低频内耗研究

研究了样品La5/6Li1/6MnO3的内耗、直流电阻、交流磁化率.在75—245K的温度范围内,在0.3T的磁场下该样品有明显的磁阻(MR)效应.测量到两个电阻峰(Tp1=224K,Tp2=169K)和一个MR峰(T=218K).内耗(Q-1)测量中发现两个峰(PL=169K,PH=224K)和模量软化;并且内耗峰温与频率无关、内耗峰值与频率成反比.最终,提出在样品中存在相分离的观点.     

竹材内耗和介电的研究

用葛氏倒扭摆仪测量了竹材样品在153K到523K温度范围内的低频下的内耗(IF)行为，在173K、228K、323K和489K观察到4个内耗峰，对323K内耗峰的机理进行了较为详细地研究，利用多功能摆研究了其对频率的依赖性，发现该峰峰温不随测量频率变化，而峰高与测量频率及升温速率有关，呈现相变内耗峰的特征，介电测量表明：在323K附近同样存在一介电损耗峰，为了探讨该峰的机理，进一步研究了竹材含水量对该损耗峰的影响，实验结果表明该峰与水在竹材中的某种转变有关。     

铜基形状记忆合金异常相变内耗的研究

文章研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti多晶形状记忆合金的异常相变内耗。实验结果和理论分析表明,合金的高温相变内耗峰在测量频率较低、马氏体片较多及升温速度较大的情况下,分解为一个"正峰"和一个"倒峰",这种现象是由于2种正、负耗散弹性模量的马氏体变体间相互作用引起的;具有负弹性模量的形状记忆合金能够稳定存在的条件,是需要从环境吸收热量引起熵的增加。     

巨磁电阻材料La0.85MnO3的低频内耗和电磁性能

用低频扭摆法在多功能内耗仪上测量了自掺杂巨磁电阻材料La0.85MnO3的温度内耗谱.结果表明内耗峰位不随频率的变化而变化,但峰高和频率成反比且对应的内耗峰处模量有明显变化,这说明对应的内耗峰处的变化是由某种相变引起的.内耗、电阻及磁化率曲线的对应关系,说明该材料出现了顺磁-铁磁转变和半导体-金属转变,所伴随的结构变化导致了内耗峰的出现.     

用低频内耗研究Cu-Al-Be合金的相变过程

通过测量Cu-Al-Be合金在相变范围内的低频内耗,研究了在变温和等温条件下样品内耗与频率、温度变化率等关系在低于逆马氏体相变温度范围内,实验观测到一内耗峰,可能和相变前亚结构的变化有关.     

热弹性马氏体相变中的低温内耗峰

采用不完全相变内耗测量法,在Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金马氏体相变中获得双内耗峰,即低温内耗峰和高温内耗峰.低温内耗峰位置对应于相对动力学模量的最小值,因此可以认为这个峰起因于模量软化效应;低温内耗峰的最大值与变温速率间呈现出很强的非线性关系,并随着变温速率增大逐渐趋于稳定,说明它的形成与时间有关.     

Pyroelectric spectrum in Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric- ferroelectric ceramics

The pyroelectric effect of phase transition induced with temperature in Nb-modified Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric-ferroelectric ceramics is studied. Experimental results reveal that the phase transitions are accompanied with marked pyroelectric peaks, there exists the close relation between the type of phase transition and the shape of pyroelectric peak. Because of the variations of phase transition, various pyroelectric spectra result. The pyroelectric spectrum can display the polarization effect and some inferior phase transitions with temperature variations, such as antiferroelectric AFEA-AFEB or ferroelectric FEL-FEH transition, which are not detected by the conventional dielectric measurement.     

Internal friction behaviors of Ni-Mn-In magnetic shape memory alloy with two-step structural transformation

The internal friction (IF) behaviors of dual-phase Ni52Mn32In16 alloy with two-step structural transformation were investigated by dynamic mechanical analyzer. The IF peak for the martensite transformation (MT) is an asymmetric shoulder rather than those sharp peaks for other shape memory alloys. The intermartensitic transformation (IMT) peak has the maximum IF value. As the heating rate increases, the height of the IMT peak increases and its position is shifted to higher temperatures. In comparison with the IMT peak, the MT peak is independent on the heating rate. The starting temperatures of the IMT peak are strongly dependent on frequency, while the MT peak is weakly dependent. Meanwhile, the heights of both the MT and IMT peak rapidly decrease with increasing the frequency. This work also throws new light on their structural transformation mechanisms.     

Pyroelectric spectrum in Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric-ferroelectric ceramics

The pyroelectric effect of phase transition induced with temperature in Nb-modified Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O₃ antiferroelectric-ferroelectric ceramics is studied. Experimental results reveal that the phase transitions are accompanied with marked pyroelectric peaks, there exists the close relation between the type of phase transition and the shape of pyroelectric peak. Because of the variations of phase transition, various pyroelectric spectra result. The pyroelectric spectrum can display the polarization effect and some inferior phase transitions with temperature variations, such as antiferroelectric AFE_A-AFE_B or ferroelectric FE_L-FE_H transition, which are not detected by the conventional dielectric measurement.     

铌酸钾晶体的低温热释电性

研究了铌酸钾晶体在低温时的热释电性和介电性.在相变温度范围,发现热释电响应随时间改变极性,表明晶体中两相共存.在降温和升温过程中,热释电系数分别于209K和237K出现峰值,显示此相变有约30K的热滞.这一结果与介电测量的结果相符.     

Synthesis and Optical Property Study on ZnO Nanostructures Via Vapor Phase Growth

Nanostructural zinc oxide films have been synthesized via vapor phase growth by heating pure zinc powder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that four kinds of morphologies ZnO nanostructures namely nanowires, well-aligned nanorods, nanofeathers and hexagonal nanorods were formed and all of wurtzite structural crystals. The results indicated that the temperature and substrate play an important role in the formation of different morphologies of ZnO nanostructures. The photoluminescence (PL) measurement was carried out for the wellaligned nanorods ZnO sample and blue emission peaks at 420 and 444 nm have been observed at room temperature. And the blue emission mechanism is discussed.     

氧对纳米ZnO薄膜晶体结构和光致发光的影响

ZnO是一种直接带半导体材料，在光电领域中和GaN一样受到关注．ZnO不仅有与GaN相似的晶体结构，而且它的激子结合能高达60meV，是GaN的2．4倍．采用射频(RF)磁控溅射法在n-Si(001)衬底上生长ZnO薄膜，XRD谱测量显示出氧压对ZnO薄膜的晶体结构有显著影响，用波长为325nm的激光激发，观察到在445nm处有一强的光致发光峰，它来自于氧空位浅施主能级上的电子跃迁到价带，分析了发光峰与氧压的关系以及退火对它的影响。     

磁控溅射制备ZnO:Ag薄膜及其室温光致发光特性

采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备出含Ag量不同的Ag掺杂ZnO:Ag薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪及荧光分光光度汁研究了不同Ag掺杂量对ZnO薄膜结构及荧光发射谱的影响.在室温下测量了样品的光致发光谱,所有样品都出现了446nm左右的蓝色发光峰,在掺杂以后的样品中观察到波长位于368 nm左右的较强紫外发射.结合x射线衍射仪、光电子能谱仪等的测量结果,分析认为,样品紫外光发射的显著增强源于Ag掺杂以后在晶粒间界形成的大量激子,而蓝光的发射来源于Zn空位.