On Structural Metaphors of Time in English and Chinese

According to the cognitive approach,metaphor is not only a matter of rhetoric language but a matter of thought,a point that is fully construed in Lakoff’s conceptual metaphor theory.Based on the theory,this paper analyzes the structural metaphors of time in English and Chinese.     

A Contrast of Cultural Connotations between English and Chinese Color Terms

Color is perception of people to the objective world.In human language,there are great numbers of color terms recording color of the world.These color terms are often used in human language.Gradually,they are endowed with rich emotional elements and cultural connotations.In cross-cultural communication,different nations with different cultural backgrounds or people of the same nations with the same backgrounds but belonging to different social classes have different perceptions of various colors.The different perceptions of colors result in a series of associative meaning of color terms.This thesis intends to discuss color terms from the following five aspects.Firstly,it deals with the relationship between language and culture.Language and culture are connected with each other.So the understanding of a culture requires the understanding of the corresponding language and vice versa.Secondly,it aims at the contrast of cultural connotations of basic color terms in English and Chinese.Thirdly,it is devoted to a discussion of the possible reasons for the diversity of cultural connotations in the two languages.Fourthly,it focuses on the influences on the cross-cultural communication.     

A Comparison of Cultural Connotations between English and Chinese Color Words and Phrases

In social anthropology,"culture"is a catch word for all those patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting. It is always a collective phenomenon, because it is at least partly shared with people who live or lived within the same social environment. Culture can be classified into several layers of which historical, regional, religious, and social cultures are discussed in this paper. Language and culture are closely related. Certain language reflects certain culture in which the language is used. As two different languages, Chinese and English have their own cultural characteristics and connotations. This paper compares the cultural connotations of Chinese and English color words to see how important the cultural background of a language is in cross-cultural communication.     

隐喻认知理论在英语教学中的应用

The thesis analyzes cognitive mechanism of metaphor at first and finds that metaphor has strong cognitive power and that metaphor cognition has played a significant role in language development. Then the author thinks that language acquisition is also a kind of cognitive activity after discussing acquisition mechanism of English learners. Based on these discussions, the author talks about how to apply metaphor cognition theory to English teaching and learning, especially vocabulary and culture teaching.     

INTER-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION SECRETARIAL ENGLISH

Secretarial English learners who will contact with many kinds of people may be required to communicate with people from other countries, intercultural communication is involved in their work in the future, they will meet cultural shock, make cultural mistakes if they learn nothing about it. In order to communicate cross-culture smoothly, they need to acquire cultural differences. But the face is that filling students head with knowledge (of language) almost become the whole thing, cultural differences is neglected in teaching and learning .The main source of their learning -textbooks have not presented materials of culture difference. The learners seem to know little about cultural differences, except a few personal questions that are told not to ask.     

Corpus-based Analysis on the Use of Tense in Texts of Different Styles

The style in which the language is used may influence the use of different tenses. English used in news reports and in scientific andtechnological materials are different in style; therefore, the tense used in each is also different. The present paper compares the tense use in the USACorpus with that in T-Corpus, aiming to find out their way of tense use that may represent their own stylistic features.     

Deep Multi-Module Based Language Priors Mitigation Model for Visual Question Answering

The original intention of visual question answering(VQA) models is to infer the answer based on the relevant information of the question text in the visual image, but many VQA models often yield answers that are biased by some prior knowledge, especially the language priors. This paper proposes a mitigation model called language priors mitigation-VQA(LPM-VQA) for the language priors problem in VQA model, which divides language priors into positive and negative language priors. Different network ...     

Politeness Strategies in English and Chinese Business Letters

This paper explores similarities and differences in the application of positive and negative politeness strategies to English and Chinese business letters and illuminates underlying causes of such similarities and differences.The results indicate that English and Chinese business letters have some common features and great discrepancies in categories and the distribution of positive and negative politeness strategies.It is argued that common situational factors,different cultural backgrounds and different syntactic features result in their similarities and differences.     

Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures and Language Teaching

In cross-cultural communication, it is found that many communicational aims could not be successfully achieved, even if the speaker is good at using the target language. The problem may lie in the insufficient awareness of the cultural differences. This paper aims to point out the importance of cross-cultural communication in language teaching by discussing the different types of the cross-cultural pragmatic failures.     

Cultural Connotation of Plant Words in English and Chinese

Cultural connotation and denotative meaning of plant terms in English and Chinese are of great signification in research.It is advisable to do the research from the following four aspects:a.plant terms with similar cultural connotation in English and Chinese;b.plant terms with different cultural connotation in English and Chinese;c.gaps of lexical plant terms in English and Chinese;d.peculiarity of plant terms in English and Chinese.It can be see clearly through the contrast and analysis of plant terms in these two languages that plant terms in any language are not only the symbol of that plant.Cultural differences have left a deep cultural marking on plant terms,making these words very rich in cultural connotation.So we should make great effort in understanding their cultural connotation in order to have a good command of these words.