基于进化算法的生物医学本体匹配技术

由于生物医学本体拥有规模庞大的概念和复杂概念间关系,已有本体匹配技术难以高效确定生物医学本体匹配结果。为解决这一问题,构建了生物医学本体匹配问题优化模型,提出基于进化算法的生物医学本体匹配技术来确定最优匹配结果。在求解生物医学本体匹配问题时,采用一种新的生物医学本体概念相似度度量来确保匹配结果质量,并通过基于推理的概念对剪枝技术缩小算法的搜索空间,提高算法效率。实验结果表明,基于进化算法的生物医学本体匹配技术能有效匹配生物医学本体。     

BioTSA: Annotating Token Semantic Association to Support Biomedical Text Mining

Corpus is a kind of important resource for knowledge acquisition in the natural language processing(NLP). However, up to now, in the biomedical domain comparatively fewer corpus focus on semantic association among all tokens in a sentence. We proposed an annotation scheme based on feature structure theory for enriching biomedical domain corpora with token semantic association(TSA). There are 227 documents of the Bio NLP GE ST training data annotated to form TSA corpus in which each annotated item shows a token semantic association that appears as a triple. The annotation of token semantic association has the potential to significantly advance biomedical text mining by providing rich token semantic information for NLP systems especially for the sophisticated IE systems, such as bio-event extraction.     

基于非欧空间差异性度量的图像标注

社会媒体网站上图像数量的飞速发展,极大地激发了人们研究基于标注的图像语义检索的热情.然而,由于图像低层特征和高层语义间鸿沟的存在,导致许多基于标注的图像语义检索技术不能达到令人满意的效果.为此,文中提出一种新颖的图像标注方法——基于最大后验概率的高阶统计标注法.该方法首先使用高阶统计法计算图像的三阶差异性特征,以达到更好描述图像间相关性的目的;然后,使用基于高斯混合模型和差异性增量扩散的最大后验概率算法,来估计每个标签与图像内容的相关值;最后,通过Flick图像数据库上的实验,来验证文中所提算法的有效性.     

Integrated semantic similarity model based on ontology

To solve the problem of the inadequacy of semantic processing in the intelligent question answering system. an integrated semantic similarity model which calculates the semantic similarity using the geometric distance and informarion content is presented in this paper. With the help of interrelationship between concepts, the information content ofconcepts and the strength of the edges in the ontology network. we can calculate the semantic similarity between two concepts and provide information for the further calculation of the semantic similarity between user‘s question and answers in knowlegdge base. The results of the experiments on the prototype have shown that the semantic problem in natural language processing can also be solved with the help of the knowledge and the abundant semantic information in ontology. More than 90% accuracy with less than 50 ms average searching time in the intelligent question answering prototype system based on ontology has been reached. The result is vety satisfied.     

语义描述的服务资源发现机制研究

基于语义描述的服务资源发现,针对网络和网格等服务资源,利用相似度算法,提出了基于语义匹配的服务资源发现算法,并综合考虑匹配机制,实现海量服务资源的快速、准确定位.模拟实验结果表明,语义描述的服务资源发现机制具有较高的查询精确率,有效地改善了传统服务资源发现精确度不高的问题.同时综合广泛资源服务查询和精确资源服务匹配机制,提高了服务资源发现效率.     

Semantic Relation Annotation for Biomedical Text Mining Based on Recursive Directed Graph

In this paper we propose a novel model "recursive directed graph" based on feature structure, and apply it to represent the semantic relations of postpositive attributive structures in biomedical texts. The usages of postpositive attributive are complex and variable, especially three categories: present participle phrase, past participle phrase, and preposition phrase as postpositive attributive, which always bring the difficulties of automatic parsing. We summarize these categories and annotate the semantic information. Compared with dependency structure, feature structure, being recursive directed graph, enhances semantic information extraction in biomedical field. The annotation results show that recursive directed graph is more suitable to extract complex semantic relations for biomedical text mining.     

知识发现与知识挖掘技术及其应用

介绍了知识发现与挖掘技术的相关概念及常用的技术方法,对知识发现与挖掘过程进行了描述,阐述了知识发现的几种具体的应用形式。     

一种面向形式概念分析的语义相似度计算框架

为了计算形式概念分析的形式概念或概念格的语义相似度,利用描述逻辑概念作为形式背景的特征属性对形式概念分析的形式背景进行语义扩展,即利用领域本体(描述逻辑知识库)提出了形式背景的一种语义表示方法．在此基础上,基于形式背景的语义表示,利用描述逻辑推理(即本体推理)给出了一种面向形式概念分析的形式概念或概念格语义相似度计算框架,并且证明了实例化该架构所得到的语义相似度计算方法满足对称性和等价不变性等基本性质．     

一种基于扩展主题图的分布式知识融合

针对知识融合的效率问题, 扩展了传统主题图的组织结构, 并在此基础上构建一种基于扩展主题图的分布式知识融合体系结构, 提出一种基于全信息的主题图相似度算法, 设计了扩展主题图融合的规则和算法, 充分考虑了比较元素的涵义和所处语境, 提高了相似度算法的准确性, 实现了分布式环境下知识的有效融合.     

语义场模型研究

将场理论引入语义空间,提出语义场模型,利用该模型刻划本体概念间的语义联系及语义分布规律.首先,从势、梯度和场强等多个角度对语义场进行描述,其中,势代表场中某一点的语义,体现语义的分布情况;梯度描述了场中局部位置的语义变化情况;场强则体现了场中语义联系的强弱.然后,分析了场源作用范围,给出了本体概念质量计算方法,讨论了势函数影响因子优选问题.最后,指出了语义场在资源语义聚类、支持语义的P2P应用系统等方面的应用前景及思路.     

基于语义Web的多功能情报信息自适应检索技术

为了解决传统依据关键字、概念和属性值等检索技术没有考虑不同主体中情报信息间的语义关系,无法提供令用户满意的情报检索结果问题,通过语义Web方法研究了多功能情报信息自适应检索技术。设计基于语义Web的多功能情报信息自适应检索模型,检索模型包括人机交互层、知识处理层以及知识存储层。在知识存储层建立本体语义模型。在知识处理层,从检索的多功能情报信息关键词中推断和其语义有关的概念,依据概念有关词汇对原始查询进行扩展,对语义相似度进行计算。在人机交互层,将用户反馈情况看作判断检索结果优劣的衡量因素,依据相似关键词获取相似结果集,按照反馈因子完成对所有相似结果的排序,把排序结果发送给用户,实现多功能情报信息自适应检索。结果表明,所提方法能够同时保证召回率与精度;排序误差率低;检索结果和用户查询结果最相符,检索结果准确,可令用户满意。可见所提方法检索性能强。     

用语义网络语言描述知识的表示

文章首先介绍语义网络的基本概念,用实例描述如何用语义网络语言(SenetL)表示知识,同时介绍如何用扩张的语义网络表示语义,着重介绍实例(instance-of)、聚集(part-whole)、泛化(is—a)和联合(member-of)几种典型语义关系的语义网络表示的方法。     

Measuring Similarity of Academic Articles with Semantic Profile and Joint Word Embedding

Long-document semantic measurement has great significance in many applications such as semantic searchs, plagiarism detection, and automatic technical surveys. However, research efforts have mainly focused on the semantic similarity of short texts. Document-level semantic measurement remains an open issue due to problems such as the omission of background knowledge and topic transition. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic matching method for long documents in the academic domain. To accurately represent the general meaning of an academic article, we construct a semantic profile in which key semantic elements such as the research purpose, methodology, and domain are included and enriched. As such, we can obtain the overall semantic similarity of two papers by computing the distance between their profiles. The distances between the concepts of two different semantic profiles are measured by word vectors. To improve the semantic representation quality of word vectors, we propose a joint word-embedding model for incorporating a domain-specific semantic relation constraint into the traditional context constraint. Our experimental results demonstrate that, in the measurement of document semantic similarity, our approach achieves substantial improvement over state-of-the-art methods, and our joint word-embedding model produces significantly better word representations than traditional word-embedding models.     

基于知识融合的汽车覆盖件模具设计方法研究

针对产品设计过程中,分散异构知识融合不足导致知识检索准确性不高、知识重用效率低等问题,提出一种知识融合模型.利用知识需求模型传递知识需求信息,采用知识元对各类异构知识进行统一表示,通过概念本体对语义概念进行有序组织,与知识元之间形成映射关系.通过语义距离计算获取候选知识元集,并采用基于贝叶斯和遗传算法的知识融合方法将分散的关联知识元融合成知识单元,实现知识重用.以覆盖件模具结构设计为案例验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性.     

语义知识库构建中的异常数据发现

为了提高RDF知识库的数据质量, 提出RDF图数据的异常检测及其自动修复的方法。首先, 原创性地定义了基于图的条件函数依赖(GCFD), 能够将属性值和语义结构的依赖关系统一表示; 然后, 提出有效的算法框架以及优化策略, 挖掘RDF数据中的GCFD, 并给出异常数据的自动修复流程; 最后, 在真实的数据集上, 通过大量实验确认解决方案的可行性和优越性。     

一种改进的本体概念相似度计算算法

概念相似度研究是知识表示以及信息检索领域中的一个重要内容。根据概念之间错综复杂的关系,可将本体结构看成一个有向无环图。从多个角度出发考虑各种影响有向边权重的因素,通过计算有向边在本体层次图中的相对重要性计算本体中任意两概念的语义距离,由此得到它们的语义相似度。实验结果表明:该方法具有很高的效率。     

基于语义的可扩展web服务注册与发现机制

为解决传统的基于UDD I注册中心的集中式web服务发现结构存在的可扩展性问题,基于领域本体语义信息,提出一种能自适应地调整领域划分、分配系统资源的分布式web服务发现体系结构.分析了该结构的可扩展性、自组织性和自适应性;描述了基于该结构的语义web服务注册与发现过程;将基于该结构的语义web服务发现算法划分为语义注册中心定位和基于输入输出的服务匹配2个阶段,并具体设计了第1阶段服务发现的3个步骤.通过该两阶段的发现算法可以快速地在分布式环境内定位注册中心,避免消息泛洪导致的网络拥塞.仿真实验结果表明,该服务注册与发现机制在服务规模扩展情况下需要的转发次数较少,且能够保证较高的服务发现效率.     

Web Service Description and Discovery Based on Semantic Model

A novel semantic model of Web service descrip tion and discovery was proposed through an extension for profile model of Web ontology language for services （OWL-S） in this paper. Similarity matching of Web services was implemented through computing weighted summation of semantic similarity value based on specific domain ontology and dynamical satisfy extent evaluation for quality of service （QoS）. Experiments show that the provided semantic matching model is efficient.     

Tableau算法在粗逻辑知识推理中的应用

Tableau算法是本体推理部分描述逻辑中用于ABox一致性检验的算法,基于二值逻辑,不能完成多值概念的一致性检测。将粗糙逻辑的基本思想植入描述逻辑体系中,并改进了Tableau算法,使粗糙描述逻辑能够完成对粗糙概念的推理任务,为基于语义的本体知识检索奠定了技术基础。