设施栽培辣椒主要病虫害无公害防治技术

辣椒是我市大棚蔬菜主栽品种之一。辣椒病害是影响设施栽培辣椒高产优质的重要原因之一。设施栽培辣椒除苗期立枯病、猝倒病外，成株期主要有辣椒灰霉病、辣椒疫病、辣椒炭疽病等，灰霉病在低温高湿条件下易发生，疫病、辣椒炭疽病在高温、高湿时发生严重。一旦病虫害发生，产量损失大，因此，做好大棚、温室等设施栽培辣椒病虫害无公害防治，对提供优质、安全的辣椒及保证辣椒高产具有重要的作用。 一、苗期无公害防治技术 ⒈种子处理。播种前先将种子晒l一2天，消灭种子表面的有害病原菌。然后将种子放在55℃温水中烫种消毒15分钟，捞出用…     

甘肃省辣椒疫病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究

辣椒是人民喜食的主要蔬菜品种之一，在我省播种面积较大。但是，由疫病为害造成的辣椒死秧问题十分严重，且为害程度逐年加重。仅兰州市1987年调查辣椒发病面积达80%，总产减产一半，严重威胁着甘肃辣椒生产。经调查、分析结果，证实其死秧主要原因是疫霉菌(Phytcphthors SP)侵染所致。有关该菌的特性及防治，日本、美国已有研究，我国北京、青海、上海也有报道；为明确甘肃辣椒疫病的病原，我们就该病病原形态，生物学特性作了初步研究。     

辣椒枯萎病原菌分离鉴定及其在植株体内的分布

调查了福建漳州地区的辣椒枯萎病的危害症状,采用常规病原菌分离方法和Booth镰刀菌鉴定方法,初步确定其病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌(FusariumoxysporiumSchl.).对不同发病级别的辣椒植株体内的镰刀菌的分布状况的研究结果表明,辣椒枯萎病原菌在植株体内的数量分布随部位和病情不同而发生变化,健株上未分离到镰刀菌,辣椒枯萎病原菌主要集中在感病植株的茎基部,病株的含菌量为2级>3级>1级,2级病株的含菌量达30.76×104cfu/g鲜质量;是1级病株的102.53倍,是3级含菌量的12.06倍.病原菌的专化型和致病机理有待于进一步的研究.     

辣椒疫菌越冬规律的初步研究

辣椒疫病是新疆辣椒上的重要病害,本文就新疆辣椒疫菌(P.Capsici)的越冬规律进行了初步研究。基本查明该菌在种子上不能越冬。菌丝耐寒性差,在我区也不能做为初次侵染的来源。其主要初次侵染来源是越冬的卵孢子。     

辣椒疫病的发生与防治

辣椒疫病是辣椒的一种主要病害，近年来在我镇辣椒主产区发病日趋严重，极大地影响了椒农的经济收益。为此，笔者就辣椒疫病防治作一简介。     

辣椒疫病的发生规律和综合防治

辣椒疫病是由鞭毛菌亚门辣椒疫霉(PhytophthoraCapSiCiLeonian)引起的真菌性病害,通过近几年对我市辣椒疫病的发生情况的观察和防治经验的总结、结合目前辣椒疫病防治技术的研究成果,总结了辣椒疫病的在我市发生规律及主要防治技术。     

辣椒疫病生防菌对青海循化线辣椒的防病促生效果

采用L4(23)正交试验设计,在青海省循化县露地线辣椒生产基地,研究两种辣椒疫病生防菌和有机肥组合对辣椒疫病防治效果以及产量的影响。结果表明:各因素对辣椒疫病相对防效影响由大到小的顺序为生防放线菌A5生防细菌B2有机肥;对辣椒产量影响由大到小的顺序为有机肥生防放线菌A5生防细菌B2。综合辣椒疫病的防效和产量效益,制定出可在当地辣椒生产中推广的生防菌和有机肥配施的综合应用技术指标为:A5放线菌45 kg/hm2、B2细菌30 kg/hm2、有机肥900 kg/hm2,此时辣椒疫病的田间防效可达到87.19%,产量达到16 977 kg/hm2,新增产值14 450元/hm2,投入产出比为1∶6。生防菌和有机肥配施对线辣椒生产具有明显的防病增产作用。     

辣椒常见病及其防治

辣椒常见病害主要有：辣椒日烧病、辣椒病毒病、辣椒疫病以及辣椒疮痂病。 1、辣椒日烧病 辣椒日烧病又称日灼病。主要发生在果实上。果实向阳面被阳光直射后失水褪绿，变成淡黄色或灰白色的革状，容易破裂。潮湿时容易被其它菌腐生，长一层黑霉或腐烂。     

解淀粉芽胞杆菌HN对番茄、黄瓜病原菌的抑制作用

为探究解淀粉芽胞杆菌菌株HN对番茄和黄瓜病原菌的抑制效果,以HN为生防菌作用于番茄早疫病病原菌、黄瓜枯萎病病原菌和黄瓜灰霉病病原菌,采用对峙培养、牛津杯法、平板稀释法等观察分析HN对3种病原菌的生长抑制作用,并初步探究其抑菌机理.结果发现,HN对3种病原菌均有显著的抑制作用.对峙培养中,先接种HN后接种病原菌的抑菌效果好于同时接种HN和病原菌的效果.牛津杯法证实HN的抑菌活性物质为一种胞外产物.HN菌体会破坏病原菌的菌丝生长,菌丝出现畸形、扭曲、断裂,无菌滤液也会显著抑制病原菌孢子的萌发,尤其是对于番茄早疫病病原菌.这些结果均表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株HN能够产生抗菌代谢产物,抑制3种病原菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发,从而达到抑菌效果.     

辣椒疫病防治进展综述

辣椒疫病是辣椒上的重要病害,对辣椒生产造成了巨大的经济损失。本文综述了该病害的防治进展,包括抗病品种选育、生物防治和化学防治的研究进展。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~