制冷系统仿真中定量参数的神经网络辨识

尝试用现代人工智能技术来改进现有的制冷系统仿真方法．首先，提炼出与制冷系统仿真结果的量化密切相关的定量参数，然后在已有的定性数值仿真模型的基础上，根据实验数据，采用人工神经网络（ＡＮＮ）方法对仿真模型中的定量参数进行辨识，识别出最佳的定量参数．这不仅有利于提高仿真精度，改善计算稳定性，而且降低了对仿真软件用户的技术要求，有利于仿真技术的实用化．对房间空调器稳态特性仿真的初步结果表明该方法效果良好．     

基于满意聚类的非线性系统多模型建模方法

针对一类生产过程中存在严重非线性的系统，基于系统运行中积累的可靠的输入／输出数据，提出了一种新的多模型建模方法．根据对各种指标的满意要求，对数据进行二次聚类，不仅得到了更有效的系统多模型，而且得到了每个模型的适用域．与模糊聚类和建立T—S模型方法相比，本方法不依赖系统的先验知识和预先定义模糊隶属度，具有良好的泛化性．以pH中和过程为例进行了仿真研究，验证了该方法简单易用，有很高的建模精度，并对存在的数据不确定性具有一定的鲁棒性．     

吸收式制冷系统动态模型的分析与建立

吸收式制冷系统具有两相及两组分流体流动以及多个部件数，其动态模型的建立与求解比较复杂。这里采用面向对象的模块化的仿真建模方法，将吸收式制冷系统分解为两个子系统，根据一定参数耦合关系相连接，建立其部件和系统的动态模型，适用于双效的各种溶液流程的吸收式制冷系统运行特性的仿真研究。动态仿真计算结果与实验数据的对比显示了较好的吻合性。     

多变量耦合系统--大姿态复合运动三轴平台的建模及仿真

在惯性制导系统中，三轴平台为载体提供了精确的姿态信息，当载体作大姿态复合运动时，三轴平台是一个非线性、时变的多变量耦合系统，其模型十分复杂，建模也非常困难．通过详尽的动力学分析为平台台体推导出完整的运动方程，并对此进行线性化处理，进而根据实际结构建立了系统模型框图，最后，采用面向对象建模技术（ＯＭＴ）对系统进行了计算机仿真．仿真结果表明，大姿态复合运动的平台仍具有较高的姿态控制精度，并验证了将二阶小量忽略的线性处理方法既可以简化模型，又不会影响模型的各项精度．     

电子膨胀阀动态特性的辨识

针对制冷系统蒸发器过热度随ＥＤＭ型电子膨胀阀开度变化的关系模型，对电子膨胀阀的步进电机施以电脉冲驱动，从而获得蒸发器过热度作为动态响应的运行规律，并应用８种系统辨识方法对该制冷系统进行辨识．经过对各种辨识方法辨识结果的比较，给出各种辨识方法在处理这一类问题时的辨识精度，以及在具体处理过程中的特点，给出适于这一类模型的辨识方法．同时，也说明了该环节用一个三阶环节描述更接近实际情况，这为以后制冷系统模拟、仿真奠定较好的基础．     

基于ANFIS的油耗特性建模及燃油经济性仿真

根据试验数据对发动机燃油消耗特性进行回归分析是一种常用的方法，但存在建模精度不足的缺点．采用MATLAB提供的自适应神经模糊推理系统ANFIS对NJG415汽油发动机油耗特性进行建模，在此基础上对装有该发动机的NJ6400GHR旅行车燃油经济性进行仿真，并与回归方法进行对比分析．研究表明ANFIS具有很好的逼近非线性特性的能力，具有较高的建模精度，可用于非线性系统的建模和仿真．     

制冷系统蒸发器动态过程数学模型模糊辨识

建立制冷系统动态过程数学模型是实现制冷装置优化控制的重要基础.制冷蒸发器是一类过程复杂的两相流动与换热系统,具有明显的非线性和不确定性,其精确的机理模型难以建立.该文通过熵方法和竞争学习算法对输入空间进行聚类,利用递推最小二乘辨识算法(RLS)确定模型的结论参数,实现了蒸发器动态过程数学模型的在线模糊辨识.通过仿真实例,验证了模糊辨识方法对于制冷系统蒸发器在线建模过程的有效性,所建立的模糊规则模型不仅具有较高的辨识精度,同时还具有较为理想的泛化性能和在线跟踪能力.     

基于阶梯化脉冲响应模型的鲁棒预测控制器

基于阶梯化脉冲响应模型，进行一种简单预测控制器的再设计，提出了一种鲁棒预测控制器，证明了建模误差在一定范围内，可保证预测控制器是鲁棒稳定的，并使得闭环系统在存在建模误差和未知常值扰动情况下无静态跟踪误差．最后用仿真研究验证此算法的鲁棒性．     

无人机倾斜摄影在城市三维建模中的应用研究

为了验证旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量的可行性及精度,该文以北京市高新区为例,采用旋翼无人机对其进行了倾斜摄影,利用ContextCapture进行了三维实景建模,并采用外业实测控制点、检查点及测量数据对模型的平面精度及测量精度进行了验证,最终对基于旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量技术进行三维实景建模的可行性、精度及效率做出客观评价,为后期的行业应用提供了一定的技术参考。     

双级氨吸收制冷数学模型及对中间压力的研究

以东南大学研制的双氨水吸收式制冷系统为模拟样机，结合Ｓ．Ｃ．Ｇ．Ｓｃｈｕｌｚ氨水系统状态方程，建立了该制冷系统的数学模型。并通过实验计算机模拟结果进行了验证，两者取得了较好的一致。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with