电化学组装一维纳米线阵列温差电材料

低维温差电材料具有比块状温差电材料更高的优值,因而研制具有纳米线阵列结构的温差电材料对于提高材料的温差电转换效率具有重要意义.以具有纳米孔阵列结构的氧化铝多孔模板为阴极,在含有Bi 3、HTeO2 1的酸性溶液中,采用直流电沉积技术,通过在氧化铝多孔模板的纳米级微孔中沉积铋和碲,实现了一维纳米线阵列铋碲温差电材料的电化学组装.环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)的分折表明,电化学组装出的铋碲纳米线分布均匀,形状规则.铋碲纳米线的组成可方便地通过调整电沉积电位加以控制.     

利用AAO模板电沉积工艺制备ZnS纳米线

以没有去除阻挡层的阳极氧化铝膜作为模板,在溶解有ZnCl2和单质硫的二甲基亚砜溶液中进行直流电沉积,并将电沉积所得的样品在不同气氛下退火.SEM,TEM及拉曼光谱的结果表明,采用上述工艺制备的纳米线长几个微米,直径为30nm左右,为多晶,在N2气氛下退火得到的是立方相ZnS纳米线,空气气氛下退火得到的是六方相ZnO纳米线,由于纳米线的尺寸限制效应及晶格畸变,拉曼谱中的峰位向短波数移动.     

磁性纳米线的模板合成与研究

分别采用电沉积法和催化沉积法在多孔氧化铝模板中沉积了Co,Ni纳米线阵列和Co-P合金纳米线阵列,结合扫描电镜、X射线分析和能谱分析对其结构与形貌进行表征.发现电沉积法制备的Co,Ni纳米线阵列中晶粒取向无序,催化沉积法制备的Co-P合金纳米线阵列为非晶态;催化沉积法制备的纳米线阵列不受电场分布不均的影响,可以在大范围内均匀分布.     

交流电沉积条件对沉积Ni纳米线的影响

采用恒压40V二次阳极氧化方法制备了阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,模板的孔径均匀有序。在二次阳极氧化的基础上阶梯降低电压至10V,可有效减薄阻隔层,有利于Ni纳米线的交流电沉积。利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对AAO模板以及Ni纳米线的形貌进行表征。探索了阶梯降低氧化电压、电源滤波以及电沉积频率对沉积Ni纳米线的影响。结果表明,阶梯降低氧化电压、适当的频率以及滤波可以明显提高电沉积效果,得到比较均匀有序的Ni纳米线。     

有序Ni纳米线阵列的样模制备法及其磁单畴特性

研究以多孔氧化铝为样模通过电沉积制备金属Ｎｉ的有序一维纳米线阵列,对其形貌和结构进行了表征,并测量了有序Ｎｉ纳米线阵列的磁滞回线。结果表明：以多孔氧化铝为样模所制得的Ｎｉ纳米线尺寸均匀、排列有序且直径和长度可在一定范围内任意调节;直径为１０ｎｍ,长达８μｍ的Ｎｉ纳米线阵列在磁性质上表现出显著的磁单畴特性。     

氧化锌纳米线阵列的无模板法制备

报道了一种氧化锌纳米线阵列的无模板电沉积制备方法.这种方法制备的氧化锌纳米线阵列具有（0001）趋向.单根氧化锌纳米线具有很好单晶结构,因而氧化锌阵列具有优异的紫外发光特性.其生长过程可以概括为衬底诱导的趋向氧化锌晶核在平衡状态下的快速生长.     

利用STM测量银纳米线的电输运性能

随着微电子器件的小型化,金属纳米线的电输运性能成为大家研究的目标,而如何获得一种简单快捷的测量方式又一直是研究人员关注的焦点问题.本文尝试通过利用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)的工作原理和结构特点,研究沉积在多孔氧化铝模板孔洞里银纳米线的电输运行为,获得几根银纳米线电压与电流(I-V)之间的变化曲线,并根据银纳米线形貌和结构的表征结果分析电子传输的机理.     

基于Zn_2SnO_4纳米线固态染料敏化太阳能电池光生电荷分离与光电性质研究

采用水热法在不锈钢滤网上制备出Zn2SnO4纳米线.首次通过制备Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS异质结构来提高复合体系的光生电荷分离效率;逐步改变CBS厚度系统研究了Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率.结果表明Cu4Bi4S9为1.0μm时,Zn2SnO4纳米线/Cu4Bi4S9异质结具有最强稳态和电场诱导表面光伏效应,对应染料敏化电池最高光电转换效率为4.12%.从光吸收、薄膜厚度、内建电场和能级匹配等几个方面,讨论了异质结和固态染料敏化电池中光生电荷分离的影响因素以及光生电荷传输机制.     

铁纳米线的制备及其反磁化过程的研究

采用电沉积方法在具有纳米孔洞的阳极氧化铝模板上制备了具有纳米尺度的Fe纳米线．利用X射线衍射分析仪及透射电子显微镜对Fe纳米线的微观结构和形貌进行了分析,在平行和垂直于纳米线的方向上用振动样品磁强计测量了Fe纳米线的饱和磁滞回线,表明了铁纳米线有很强的形状各向异性,并利用球链模型中的对称扇形磁化过程对纳米线的反磁化及其矫顽力作出了解释。     

砷、锑和铋对铜电沉积及阳极氧化机理的影响

采用循环伏安及交流阻抗研究As(Ⅲ,V),Sb(Ⅲ,V)和Bi(Ⅲ)对铜电沉积及阳极氧化机理的影响.研究结果表明:电解底液循环伏安分别在0.06 V和-0.25 V出现还原峰a和b,在0.10 v和0.23 V出现氧化峰b'和a'.As(Ⅲ)加速铜的电沉积,As(V),Sb(Ⅲ,V)和Bi(Ⅲ)均改变铜的沉积机理,使两步反应变成一步反应,其中,加入Sb(Ⅲ,V)和Bi(Ⅲ)的电液在-0.13 V附近出现杂质Sb和Bi的还原峰;这些杂质均抑制铜的氧化反应,改变阳极氧化机理,使两步氧化变为一步氧化反应;将As(Ⅲ,V),Sb(Ⅲ,V)和Bi(Ⅲ)单独加入电解液中,电极过程均产生电活性物质吸附,均使电极过程阻抗减小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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