一类新的上可嵌入图

图G的CB一划分是指:G的一个顶点划分{V1,V2,…,Vn},使得每个G[Vi]为多重完全二部图(1≤i≤n).结合图的顶点CB-划分条件,确定了一类顶点的度在moalulo 4下值为0,1或3的上可嵌入图类,较完整地刻画了这类图的上可嵌入情况.     

与顶点C-划分有关的上可嵌入图类

图的顶点C-划分是指：G的顶点划分{V1，V2…，Vk}，使得每个G[Vi]为多重完全图(1≤i≤k)。结合图的顶点C-划分的条件，确定了一类点的度在modulo4下值为0或3的上可嵌入图类，综合已有结果，较完整地刻画了这类图的上可嵌入情况。     

嵌入曲面的图的点荫度

图 G 的导出森林 k-划分是指其顶点集 V（G）的一个 k-划分（V1,V2,…,Vk）,使得对于每个 i（1≤i≤k）,导出子图 G[Vi]是一个森林。图 G 的点荫度是使得图 G 有导出森林 k-划分的最小的正整数 k,记为 va（G）。主要证明了如果图 G 能够嵌入到欧拉示性数非负的曲面上,则当图 G 满足三类条件时,可以得到 va（G）≤2。     

新的上可嵌入图类

一个连通图G的最大亏格γM(G)=(β(G) ξ(G))/2,其中β(G)=|E(G)|-|V(G)| 1称为G的圈秩数,ξ(G)是G的Betti亏数.图G的C-划分是指:G的一个顶点划分{V1,V2,…,Vn},使得每个G[Vi]为多重完全图(1≤i≤n).一个图的2-因子是指G的一个2-正则支撑子图F,若F为图G的一个2-因子.联系图的顶点划分和四边形2-因子的条件,本文给出了新的上可嵌入的图类.     

图中顶点子集的边连通度与最优分级边连通图的构造问题

G =(V ,E)是无向连通图 ,无环允许有重边 .S是V的至少包含两个顶点的子集 ,S的边连通度λG(S)被定义为使S中的顶点不属于同一连通分支所需去掉的最少边数 .给定集合V和V的一个划分V =V1∪V2 ∪…∪Vr(|r|≥ 1,|V1|≥ 2 )以及正整数序列k1>k2 >… >kr≥ 2 .记Si=V1∪V2 ∪…∪Vi,1≤i≤r.构造一个连通图G =(V ,E)满足 :λG(Si)≥ki(1≤i≤r)且边数 |E|最小 .这种图G称为与所给划分和正整数序列相对应的最优分级边连通图 .在给出顶点子集的边连通度概念的基础上 ,本文提出并讨论了有关最优分级边连通图的构造问题     

饱和二部图

没有完美匹配的二部图G,若给它任意增加一条新的边,结果得到的二部图有完美匹配,则称图G是饱和的.设X包含于V（G）,Γ（X）表示V（G）中与X中至少一个顶点相邻的所有顶点组成的集合.本文证明了一个二部图G=（U,W）是饱和的当且仅当（a）存在唯一X包含于U,使得X〉Γ（X）,X-1〉Γ（X）且G的导出子图G[X∪Γ（X）]是完全二部图;（b）G的导出子图G[（U-X）∪（W-Γ（X））]是完全二部图,且满足U-X＋1=W-Γ（X）;（c）U-X中每个顶点与W中的每个顶点都相邻,且X∪（W-Γ（X））是图G的一个独立集.     

饱和二部图

没有完美匹配的二部图G,若给它任意增加一条新的边,结果得到的二部图有完美匹配,则称图G是饱和的.设X(∈)V(G),T(X)表示V(G)中与X中至少一个顶点相邻的所有顶点组成的集合.本文证明了一个二部图G=(U,W)是饱和的当且仅当(a)存在唯一X(∈)U,使得|X|＞Γ(X)|,|X|-1＞|Γ(X)|且G的导出子图G[X∪Γ (X)]是完全二部图;(6)G的导出子图G[(U-X)∪(W-Γ(X))]是完全二部图,且满足|U-X|+1=|W-Γ(X)|;(c)U-X中每个顶点与W中的每个顶点都相邻,且X∪(W-Γ(X))是图G的一个独立集.     

关于二分图的正交因子分解

设 G是二分图 ,fi,gi 是定义在图 G的顶点集 V( G)上的非负整数函数且 gi( x)≤ fi( x) , x∈ V( G) ,1≤ i≤ m。若二分图 G的边能划分成 m个边不交的 [g1,f1]-因子 F1,… [gm,fm]-因子Fm,则称 F={F1,… Fm}是二分图 G的一个 [gi,fi]m1-因子分解 ,又若 H是二分图 G的一个有 m条边的子图 ,若对任意的 1≤ i≤ m有 | E( H)∩ E( Fi) | =1 ,则称 F与 H是正交的。主要研究二分图的正交[gi,fi]m1-因子分解并给出一个结果。     

一类上可嵌入图

本文主要证明了如下结果 :设G为 3-连通图 ,若G的顶点集存在一个C一划分 {V1,V2 ,… ,Vn} ,使得对每个 1≤i≤n ,|Vi|≡ 0 (mod 2 ) ,且对任意的v∈V(G) ,dG=(v)≡ 1(mod 2 ) ,则G是上可嵌入的 .     

一类上可嵌入图

本文主要证明了如下结果：设C为3－连通图，若G的顶点集存在一个C－划分{V1,V2,…，Vn},使得对每个1≤i≤n，|Vi|≡0(mod 2)，且对任意的ν∈V(G),dG=(ν)≡1(mod 2),则G是上可嵌入的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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